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Iodixanol
Clinical data
Trade names	Visipaque
Other names	5-[acetyl-[3-[acetyl-[3,5-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropylcarbamoyl)-2,4,6-triiodo-phenyl]amino]-2-hydroxy-propyl]amino]-N,N'-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-2,4,6-triiodo-benzene-1,3-dicarboxamide
AHFS/Drugs.com	Multum Consumer Information
ATC code	V08AB09 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	US: WARNINGRx-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	Negligible
Metabolism	Excreted unchanged
Elimination half-life	2.1 hours
Excretion	Kidney
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 5-{N-[3-(N-{3,5-bis[(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl]-2,4,6-triiodophenyl}acetamido)-2-hydroxypropyl]acetamido}-1-N,3-N-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide;
CAS Number	92339-11-2 ;
PubChem CID	3724;
DrugBank	DB01249 ;
ChemSpider	3593 ;
UNII	HW8W27HTXX;
KEGG	D01474 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:31705 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200507 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2045523 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.124.306
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C35H44I6N6O15
Molar mass	1550.191 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES Ic1c(C(=O)NCC(O)CO)c(I)c(C(=O)NCC(O)CO)c(I)c1N(C(=O)C)CC(O)CN(C(=O)C)c2c(I)c(c(I)c(c2I)C(=O)NCC(O)CO)C(=O)NCC(O)CO;
	InChI InChI=1S/C35H44I6N6O15/c1-13(52)46(30-26(38)20(32(59)42-3-15(54)9-48)24(36)21(27(30)39)33(60)43-4-16(55)10-49)7-19(58)8-47(14(2)53)31-28(40)22(34(61)44-5-17(56)11-50)25(37)23(29(31)41)35(62)45-6-18(57)12-51/h15-19,48-51,54-58H,3-12H2,1-2H3,(H,42,59)(H,43,60)(H,44,61)(H,45,62) ; Key:NBQNWMBBSKPBAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Iodixanol, sold under the brand name Visipaque, is an iodine-containing non-ionic radiocontrast agent.^[2]

It is available as a generic medication.^[3]^[4]

Medical uses

The radiocontrast agent is given intravenously for computed tomography (CT) imaging of the head, body, excretory urography and venography. The radiocontrast agent is also given intra-arterially for angiography imaging.^[5]

Adverse effects

About 30% of those received intravenous iodixanol injection has warmth, pain, or discomfort at the site of the injection. Other adverse effects include: taste perversion (3.5%), nausea (2.8%), and headache (2.5%).^[5]

Society and culture

Available forms

The contrast can either be given intra-arterialy or intravenously.^[5]

Veterinary uses

Iodixanol is also the active ingredient in a number of 'cushion' products used during the centrifugation of stallion semen. It is layered underneath the extended stallion semen allowing for a higher g force to be used with less sperm damage and better recovery rates. Post centrifugation the supernatant above and the cushion below is removed, leaving a concentrated sperm pellet in the conical tube.^[6]

References

^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
^ Spencer CM, Goa KL (December 1996). "Iodixanol. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and diagnostic use as an x-ray contrast medium". Drugs. 52 (6): 899–927. doi:10.2165/00003495-199652060-00013. PMID 8957160. S2CID 195690679.
^ "2022 First Generic Drug Approvals". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 3 March 2023. Archived from the original on 30 June 2023. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
^ "Competitive Generic Therapy Approvals". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 29 June 2023. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Visipaque (iodixanol injection)" (PDF). US Food and Drug Administration. 1 September 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 April 2022.
^ Waite JA, Love CC, Brinsko SP, Teague SR, Salazar JL, Mancill SS, Varner DD (September 2008). "Factors impacting equine sperm recovery rate and quality following cushioned centrifugation". Theriogenology. 70 (4): 704–14. doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.04.047. PMID 18573520.