International Peace Congress

International Peace Congress,[1] or International Congress of the Friends of Peace,[citation needed] was the name of a series of international meetings of representatives from peace societies from throughout the world held in various places in Europe from 1843 to 1853.[2] An initial congress at London in 1843 was followed by an annual series of congresses from 1848 until 1853.[2]

London, 1843

The first International Congress was held in London at the suggestion of Joseph Sturge and on the initiative of the American Peace Society in 1843.[2][3] The host was the London Peace Society.[3] 294 British, 37 American and 6 Continental delegates attended.[1]

Brussels, 1848

Elihu Burritt organized the Congress of 1848,[4] the first after the French Revolution of February 1848.[3] It was chaired by Auguste Visschers, a Belgian lawyer and philanthropist.[3] The participants met at Brussels in September of that year. Among the delegates were Cobden, Thierry, Girardin, and Bastiat. The congress adopted resolutions urging limitation of armaments and the placing of a ban upon foreign loans for war purposes.

Paris, 1849

One year after Brussels, the Peace Congress met in Paris from 22 to 24 August 1849, with Victor Hugo as president [3] The proceedings were published by Charles Gilpin. Among the speakers were many of the chief philosophers and politicians of the time, including Frederic Bastiat, Charles Gilpin, Richard Cobden and Henry Richard[5] William Wells Brown was invited to speak against slavery. Hugo introduced the concept of the United States of Europe.[6]

Later congresses

Through the next decades, more congresses were convened in various cities:[2]

  • 4th congress: Frankfurt am Main (1850)[7]
  • 5th congress: London (1851), co-inciding with the Great Exhibition.[8]
  • 6th congress: Manchester (1852) Here Richard Cobden and John Bright took part in the discussions.
  • 7th congress: Edinburgh (1853)

The series was interrupted by an interval of wars during which the pacifists were unable to raise their voices.[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Peace Society" . Encyclopedia Americana.
  2. ^ a b c d e  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Barclay, Thomas (1911). "Peace". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  3. ^ a b c d e Durand, André (31 October 1996). "Gustave Moynier and the peace societies". International Review of the Red Cross. 36 (314): 532–550. doi:10.1017/S0020860400076129. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
  4. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Burritt, Elihu" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  5. ^ Peace Congress, 2d, Paris, 1849. Report of the proceedings of the second general Peace Congress, held in Paris on the 22nd, 23rd, and 24th of August, 1849. Compiled from authentic documents under the superintendence of the Peace Congress Committee. London, Charles Gilpin, 1849. Available online at The Internet Archive also available in formatted style at David Hart's webpage Archived 19 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ Alan W. Ertl Toward an Understanding of Europe 2008 Page 61 "The French novelist and publicist, Victor Hugo used the concept of the United States of Europe, eg, at the Paris Peace Conference of 1849."
  7. ^ The Proceedings of the 1850 Congress were published by Charles Gilpin and are available online through GoogleBooks
  8. ^ The Congress was reported in The Advocate for Peace (Sept/Oct. 1851) pp. 125–128.

Read other articles:

Jean Chappe

Jean Chappe d’Auteroche Jean Chappe d’Auteroche, disebut juga Abbas Chappe atau Abbas Chappe d’Auteroche, lahir 23 Maret 1728[1] di Mauriac, Auvergne dan meninggal 1 Agustus 1769 di San José del Cabo, Meksiko, merupakan seorang astronom berkebangsaan Prancis. Pada 1994, Persatuan Astronomi Internasional menetapkan nama Chappe untuk kawah bulan. Referensi ^ De nombreuses sources le disent né en 1722 mais c'est bien en 1728 qu'il a vu le jour, comme en témoigne son acte de bapt...

 

Marbury v. Madison

Marbury v. MadisonMahkamah Agung Amerika SerikatDisidangkan pada 11 Februari, 1803Diputus pada 24 Februari, 1803Nama lengkap kasusWilliam Marbury v. James Madison, Secretary of State of the United StatesKutipan5 U.S. 137 (lanjut)1 Cranch 137; 2 L. Ed. 60; 1803 U.S. LEXIS 352Versi selanjutnyaNoneConstitution permits.{{{Holding}}}Hakim yang memutusHakim KetuaJohn MarshallHakim PembantuWilliam Cushing · William Paterson Samuel Chase · Bushrod Washington Alfred MoorePendapat...

 

Aerasi air

Air mancur melakukan aerasi dengan menyemprotkan air ke udara. Aerasi air adalah proses meningkatkan atau mempertahankan kadar oksigen air di lingkungan alami atau buatan. Teknik aerasi digunakan di kolam, danau, dan pengelolaan waduk untuk mengatasi tingkat oksigen yang rendah atau pertumbuhan alga.[1] Kualitas air Aerasi air digunakan untuk air yang keruh dan berlimbah, disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia seperti membuangan limbah, sampah pertanian, atau menebar umpan di danau. Aerasi...

Trigger Man (2007 film)

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Trigger Man 2007 film – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 2007 American filmTrigger ManDirected byTi WestWritten byTi WestProduced byTi WestPeter PhokStarringReggie CunninghamRay S...

 

Fred von Lohmann

American lawyer This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Fred von Loh...

 

Вышеградская песня

Вышеградская песнячеш. Milostná píseň pod Vyšehradem Автор Вацлав Ганка Язык оригинала чешский  Медиафайлы на Викискладе Вышеградская песня, также иногда Песня под Вышеградом или Любовная песня под Вышеградом (аббревиатура PV) — чешская рукопись, якобы найденная в период н�...

Oleg Nilov

Russian politician, Member of the State Duma You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian. (February 2024) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do no...

 

James Thiérrée

James ThiérréeJames Thierrée di pratinjau Korkoro pada 2010.LahirJames Spencer Henry Edmond Marcel Thierrée2 Mei 1974 (umur 49)Lausanne, SwissPendidikanPiccolo Teatro CNSAD Acting International (Paris) Harvard Theater SchoolPekerjaanPementas sirkus, aktor, pengarah teaterTahun aktif1978–sekarangOrang tuaVictoria Chaplin Jean-Baptiste ThierréeKerabatCharlie Chaplin (kakek pihak ibu)Eugene O’Neill (kakek buyut) James Spencer Henry Edmond Marcel Thierrée (lahir 2 Mei 1974) a...

 

Yu Xu

Ini adalah nama Tionghoa; marganya adalah Yu. Yu XuYu berfoto di samping F-16C milik Amerika Serikat di Langkawi, Malaysia.Nama asalHanzi: 余旭LahirMaret 1986[1]Chengdu, Provinsi Sichuan, TiongkokMeninggal12 November 2016 (2016-11-13)Hebei, TiongkokKebangsaanTionghoaPekerjaanPilotYu XuPangkatKapten Yu Xu (Hanzi: 余旭; Maret 1986 – 12 November 2016)[2][3] adalah seorang pilot dari Tiongkok yang bertugas sebagai pemimpin skadron udara dalam Tim Ae...

Giuliano Zaccardelli

20th commissioner of the RCMP Giuliano ZaccardelliCOM CStJ OMRIZaccardelli in 200620th Commissioner of the Royal Canadian Mounted PoliceIn office1 September 2000 – 15 December 2006Preceded byPhilip MurraySucceeded byBeverley Busson (interim) Personal detailsBorn1946 or 1947 (age 77–78)[1]Prezza, Abruzzo, ItalyAwards Legion of Honour – Officer (2003) Giuliano Zaccardelli COM CStJ OMRI (born c. 1947)[1] is an Italian-born Canadian retire...

 

List of universities in Vietnam

Temple of Literature, Hanoi, the temple hosts the Imperial Academy (Quốc Tử Giám, 國子監), Vietnam's first universityThis is a list of universities in Vietnam. The public higher education system in Vietnam basically consists of 2 levels: university system (called đại học) and university (usually specialize in a fixed scientific field; called trường đại học). University systems in Vietnam consist of many member institutions, with each institution equivalent to a regular s...

 

Universitas Islam Madinah

Universitas Islam Madinah الجامعة الإسلامية بالمدينة المنورةMotoالجامعة التي لا تغيب عنها الشمسJenisPerguruan tinggi negeriDidirikan6 September 1961 / 25 Rabiul Awal 1381 Hijriyah[1]Afiliasi keagamaanIslamRektorPangeran Dr. Mamdouh bin Saud bin Tsunayyan Al SaudJumlah mahasiswa22.100LokasiMadinah, Provinsi Madinah, Arab Saudi24°28′54″N 39°33′23″E / 24.481798°N 39.556274°E / 24.481798; 39.55627...

USS McCawley (DD-276)

Clemson-class destroyer For other ships with the same name, see USS McCawley. USS McCawley (DD-276), at anchor during the early 1920s. History United States NameMcCawley NamesakeCharles McCawley BuilderBethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Squantum Victory Yard Laid down5 November 1918 Launched14 June 1919 Commissioned22 September 1919 Decommissioned1 April 1930 Stricken13 August 1930 Identification Hull symbol:DD-276 Code letters:NULS FateSold for scrap, 2 September 1931 General characteristic...

 

History of Mizoram

Mizoram was a part of the Assam state in the 1950s The history of Mizoram encompasses the history of Mizoram which lies in the southernmost part of northeast India. It is a conglomerate history of several ethnic groups of Chin people who migrated from Chin State of Burma. But information of their patterns of westward migration are based on oral history and archaeological inferences, hence nothing definite can be said. The recorded history started relatively recently around the mid-19th centu...

 

Maneuver warfare

Military strategy focused on movement Japan Ground Self-Defense Force soldiers disembarking from their vehicles to counter a simulated ambush Part of a series onWar History Prehistoric Ancient Post-classical Early modern Pike and shot napoleonic Late modern industrial fourth-gen Military Organization Command and control Defense ministry Army Navy Air force Marines Coast guard Space force Reserves Regular / Irregular Ranks Specialties: Staff Engineers Intelligence Reconnaissance Medical Milita...

ريتشارد أتينبورو

معالي الشريف  ريتشارد أتينبورو (بالإنجليزية: Richard Attenborough)‏  معلومات شخصية اسم الولادة (بالإنجليزية: Richard Samuel Attenborough)‏  الميلاد 29 أغسطس 1923(1923-08-29)كامبريدج، كامبريدجشير، إنجلترا، المملكة المتحدة الوفاة 24 أغسطس 2014 (90 سنة)لندن الكبرى سبب الوفاة قصور القلب  الجنسية ال�...

 

Міністерство фінансів України

Міністерство фінансів України (Мінфін) Загальна інформаціяКраїна УкраїнаДата створення 1991 рікПопередні відомства Міністерство фінансів Української РСРКерівництво діяльністю здійснює Кабінет міністрів УкраїниШтаб-квартира 01008, м. Київ-8, вул. М.Грушевського, 12/2Річний �...

 

Similarweb

The neutrality of this article is disputed. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met. (December 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Provider of website rankings and analytics Similarweb Ltd.Type of site PublicTraded asNYSE: SMWBFounded2007; 17 years ago (2007)Headquarters New York City, New York, U.S.[1][2] Givatayim, Israel London, United Kingdom Area s...

玻利维亚奥林匹克委员会

此條目没有列出任何参考或来源。 (2022年2月15日)維基百科所有的內容都應該可供查證。请协助補充可靠来源以改善这篇条目。无法查证的內容可能會因為異議提出而被移除。 玻利维亚奥林匹克委员会成立時間1932總部玻利维亚拉巴斯網站www.comiteolimpicoboliviano.org.bo奥林匹克委员会信息國家或地區 玻利维亚IOC編碼BOL加入IOC1936区域组织泛美體育組織 玻利维亚奥林匹克委员会�...

 

グリーンレジェンド乱

この記事は検証可能な参考文献や出典が全く示されていないか、不十分です。出典を追加して記事の信頼性向上にご協力ください。（このテンプレートの使い方）出典検索?: グリーンレジェンド乱 – ニュース · 書籍 · スカラー · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ジャパンサーチ · TWL（2014年7月） グリーンレジェンド乱 OVA：グリー�...