This was at a time where Northerners believed that the federal government should give 160-acre (0.65 km2; 0.25 sq mi) plots of vacant Western land to pioneers for free. People went to the West to start new lives and wanted cheap land.
Opposition
There was much concern about the free land idea. Southerners, who were very pro-slavery, worried that this would result in the West becoming populated with free-soilers. This in turn would create many new anti-slavery states, creating an imbalance in the Senate, destroying the South's control. This was the main reason for Buchanan's veto; he consistently did what the South wanted. Another group who opposed this idea was the Eastern industrialists. They feared employees would be drained into the West for free land.
