Hebraism

Hebraism is a lexical item, usage or trait characteristic of the Hebrew language. By successive extension it is often applied to the Jewish people, their faith, national ideology or culture.

Idiomatic Hebrew

Hebrew has many idiomatic terms that are not easily translatable to other languages, for example בארבע עיניים be'arba enayim, literally 'with four eyes,' means face to face without the presence of a third person, as in, 'The two men met with four eyes.' The expression לא דובים ולא יער lo dubim ve lo ya'ar is literally "neither bears nor forest" but means that something is completely false. The saying טמן את ידו בצלחת taman et yado batsalakhat "buried his hand in the dish" means that someone idles away his time."[1]

Lexical items deriving from Hebrew

"Hebraism" may also refer to a lexical item with Hebrew etymology, i.e. that (ultimately) derives from Hebrew.[2] For example, the English word stiff-necked, meaning "stubborn", is a calque of Greek σκληροτράχηλος, which is a calque of Hebrew קשה עורף qeshēh ʿōref "hard of neck; stubborn". Similar calques are the way of women (דרך נשים) "menstruation" and flowing with milk and honey (זבת חלב ודבש) "abundance".

Sometimes Hebraisms can be coined using non-Hebrew structure. For example, the Yiddish lexical item ישיבה בחור yeshive bokher, meaning "Yeshivah student", uses a Germanic structure but two Hebrew lexical items.[3]: 117 

Distinctive language

Beyond simple etymology, both spoken and written Hebrew is marked by peculiar linguistic elements that distinguish its semitic roots. This hebraism includes word order, chiasmus, compound prepositions, and numerous other distinctive features.

Systematic Hebraisms

Finally, the word "hebraism" describes a quality, character, nature, or method of thought, or system of religion attributed to the Hebrew people. It is in this sense that Matthew Arnold (1869) contrasted Hebraism with Hellenism,[4] identifying Thomas Carlyle as his age's embodiment of the former.[5] Feldman's response to Arnold expands on this usage.[6] Leo Strauss is also well-known for his metaphorical juxtaposition of Jerusalem and Athens in a similar light.[7][8][9] Furthermore, Friedrich Nietzsche and Otto Weiniger thought in terms of similar dualities as well.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Bivin, David. "Hebrew Idioms in the Gospels," Jerusalem Perspective Online. Archived 2007-05-26 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ "Hebraism," Merriam-Webster online.
  3. ^ Zuckermann, Ghil'ad (2003), Language Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781403917232 / ISBN 9781403938695 [1]
  4. ^ Arnold, Matthew. "Hebraism and Hellenism". From Culture and Anarchy: An Essay in Political and Social Criticism.
  5. ^ Cumming, Mark, ed. (2004). "Arnold, Matthew". The Carlyle Encyclopedia. Madison and Teaneck, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. p. 17. ISBN 9780838637920.
  6. ^ Feldman, Louis H., "Hebraism and Hellenism reconsidered," Judaism: A Quarterly Journal of Jewish Life and Thought, March 1994.
  7. ^ Strauss, Leo (December 26, 2011). "Jerusalem and Athens". Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  8. ^ Gordon, David (October 31, 2022). "DOES LEO STRAUSS CHOOSE JERUSALEM OR ATHENS?". Intercollegiate Studies Institute. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  9. ^ Reinsch II., Richard M. (April 7, 2019). "Between Rome and 'Jerusalem and Athens'". Russell Kirk Center. Retrieved 20 February 2024.

Further reading

Read other articles:

Pertica adalah tumbuhan berpembuluh yang punah yang hidup pada zaman Devon Awal hingga Devon Tengah (kira-kira 420-380 juta tahun silam). Genus ini ditempatkan bersama trimerophyta, anggota terdahulu grup parafiletik yang mengarah pada tumbuhan berpembuluh dan tumbuhan berbiji modern.[1] Pertica Periode Devon Awal hingga Devon Tengah PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ TaksonomiDivisiTracheophytaSubfilumEuphyllophytaKladRadiatopsesGenusPertica SpesiesP. dalhousii Doran et al. (1978)...

 

 

Chronologies Données clés 1799 1800 1801  1802  1803 1804 1805Décennies :1770 1780 1790  1800  1810 1820 1830Siècles :XVIIe XVIIIe  XIXe  XXe XXIeMillénaires :-Ier Ier  IIe  IIIe Chronologies géographiques Afrique Afrique du Sud, Algérie, Angola, Bénin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroun, Cap-Vert, République centrafricaine, Comores, République du Congo, République démocratique du Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Égyp...

 

 

Mario MonicelliLahir(1915-05-16)16 Mei 1915Roma, ItaliaMeninggal29 November 2010(2010-11-29) (umur 95)Roma, ItaliaPekerjaanPenulis latar, sutradara, aktorTahun aktif1935–2010PenghargaanSilver Bear untuk Sutradara Terbaik1957 Padri e figli1976 Caro Michele1981 Il Marchese del Grillo Golden Lion1959 La Grande Guerra Career Golden Lion1991 Lifetime Achievement Mario Monicelli (bahasa Italia: [ˈmaːrjo moniˈtʃɛlli]; 16 Mei 1915 – 29 November 2010) adalah seorang sutradara ...

العلاقات الغابونية السورينامية الغابون سورينام   الغابون   سورينام تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الغابونية السورينامية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين الغابون وسورينام.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: و�...

 

 

العلاقات الكويتية المارشالية الكويت جزر مارشال   الكويت   جزر مارشال تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الكويتية المارشالية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين الكويت وجزر مارشال.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: و...

 

 

Detektif ConanGambar sampul manga Detektif Conan volume pertama yang diterbitkan oleh Shogakukan名探偵コナン(Meitantei Konan)GenreMisteri, cerita seru[1] MangaPengarangGosho AoyamaPenerbitShogakukanPenerbit bahasa InggrisNA Viz MediaSG Shogakukan Asia (sebagai Detective Conan)Penerbit bahasa IndonesiaElex Media KomputindoMajalahWeekly Shōnen SundayMajalah bahasa IndonesiaShonen StarDemografiShōnenTerbit19 Januari 1994 – presentVolume104 (Daftar volume) Seri animeSutradaraKen...

† Человек прямоходящий Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:Синапсиды�...

 

 

本條目存在以下問題,請協助改善本條目或在討論頁針對議題發表看法。 此條目需要編修,以確保文法、用詞、语气、格式、標點等使用恰当。 (2015年7月23日)請按照校對指引,幫助编辑這個條目。(幫助、討論) 此條目內容疑欠准确,有待查證。 (2015年7月23日)請在讨论页討論問題所在及加以改善,若此條目仍有爭議及准确度欠佳,會被提出存廢討論。 此條目之中立性有�...

 

 

Saldi Isra Wakil Ketua Mahkamah Konstitusi ke-8PetahanaMulai menjabat 20 Maret 2023KetuaAnwar Usman SuhartoyoPendahuluAswantoPenggantiPetahanaHakim Konstitusi Republik IndonesiaPetahanaMulai menjabat 11 April 2017Ditunjuk olehJoko WidodoPresidenJoko WidodoPendahuluPatrialis AkbarPenggantiPetahana Informasi pribadiLahir20 Agustus 1968 (umur 55)Paninggahan, Junjung Sirih, Solok, Sumatera Barat, IndonesiaSuami/istriLeslie Annisa TaufikAnak3Orang tuaIsmail (ayah) & Ratina (ib...

French politician Bruno RetailleauPresident of The Republicans groupin the SenateIncumbentAssumed office 2 October 2014Preceded byJean-Claude GaudinSenator for VendéeIncumbentAssumed office 1 October 2004President of the Regional Councilof Pays de la LoireIn office18 December 2015 – 13 September 2017Preceded byJacques AuxietteSucceeded byChristelle MorançaisPresident of the General Council of VendéeIn office30 November 2010 – 2 April 2015Preceded byPhilippe de...

 

 

Mikael Nilsson Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Mikael NilssonTanggal lahir 24 Juni 1978 (umur 45)Tempat lahir Ovesholm, SwediaTinggi 1,83 m (6 ft 0 in)Posisi bermain BekKarier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)1995–1998 Ovesholms IF 18 (3)1999 Åhus Horna BK 22 (11)2000–2004 Halmstads BK 103 (17)2004–2005 Southampton 16 (0)2005–2009 Panathinaikos 82 (0)2009–2012 Brøndby IF 77 (3)2012 Fremad Amager 1 (0)Tim nasional‡2002–2009 Swedia 64 (3) * Penampilan dan gol di k...

 

 

Donald Edmond Wahlberg, Jr. (lahir 17 Agustus 1969) merupakan seorang pemeran, penyanyi, dan produser berkebangsaan Amerika Serikat. Dia adalah anggota dari grup musik New Kids on the Block. Dia menjadi terkenal saat bermain di film utamanya separti Saw IV dan mini serial HBO, Band of Brothers. Dia berkarier di dunia film sejak tahun 1996. Ia juga mempunyai adik yang aktif di dunia hiburan yaitu Mark Wahlberg. Filmografi Bullet (1996) as Big Balls (street name) Ransom (1996) as Cubby Barnes B...

Parliamentary election held in Scotland 2011 Scottish Parliament election ← 2007 5 May 2011 (2011-05-05) 2016 → ← outgoing memberselected members →All 129 seats to the Scottish Parliament65 seats needed for a majorityTurnoutConstituency - 50.5% 3.4pp Regional - 50.5% 3.5pp   First party Second party Third party   Leader Alex Salmond Iain Gray Annabel Goldie Party SNP Labour Conservative Leader's seat Aberdeenshire East ...

 

 

Slavery as practised within the pre-conquest central Mexican society This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Slavery in the Aztec Empire – news · newspapers · ...

 

 

Les ailes plus longues de l'urubu à tête rouge lui donnent une charge alaire moins importante, comparativement à l'urubu noir. Pour un article plus général, voir charge alaire. La charge alaire d'un oiseau (rapport entre sa masse et la surface portante de ses ailes) varie beaucoup selon les espèces. En général, la charge alaire augmente avec la taille de l’oiseau, les plus gros oiseaux ayant une charge alaire plus grande. Ceci résulte du fait que la masse de l’oiseau augmente au ...

Terence HillHill pada 2018LahirMario Girotti29 Maret 1939 (umur 85)Venesia, Kerajaan ItaliaWarga negaraItaliaAmerika SerikatPekerjaanPemeran, sutradara, penulis naskah, produserTahun aktif1951–kiniSuami/istriLori Hill ​ ​(m. 1967)​Anak2Situs webterencehill.comTanda tangan Penghargaan(2010) David di Donatello Award for Lifetime Achievement (en) (12 Maret 1995) honorary citizen of Lommatzsch (en) (1975) Bambi Award (en) Terence Hill (nama lahir Ma...

 

 

District in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran District in Razavi Khorasan, IranCentral District (Nishapur County) Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان نیشابورDistrictCentral District (Nishapur County)Coordinates: 36°17′45″N 58°42′13″E / 36.29583°N 58.70361°E / 36.29583; 58.70361[1]CountryIranProvinceRazavi KhorasanCountyNishapurCapitalNishapurPopulation (2016)[2] • Total341,182Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST) The ...

 

 

中国地震局(ちゅうごくじしんきょく)は中華人民共和国国務院直属事業単位の一つ。主として中国全国の地震観測と地震防災・減災業務の行政管理と組織管理を担当する。 沿革 1953年11月 - 中国科学院が「地震工作委員会」を設置。 1967年 - 国家科学技術委員会(現在の科学技術部)に「京津地区地震弁公室」を設立。国家建設基本委員会(現在の建設部)に「京津地�...

ديميتريس بابادوبولوس معلومات شخصية الميلاد 20 أكتوبر 1981 (العمر 42 سنة)جاجارين (أوزبكستان) [الإنجليزية]، جمهورية أوزبكستان الاشتراكية السوفيتية، الاتحاد السوفيتي الطول 1.78 م (5 قدم 10 بوصة) مركز اللعب مهاجم الجنسية أوزبكستاني مسيرة الشباب سنوات فريق 1989–1999 نادي أكراتيت...

 

 

List of events ← 1857 1856 1855 1858 in the United States → 1859 1860 1861 Decades: 1830s 1840s 1850s 1860s 1870s See also: History of the United States (1849–1865) Timeline of United States history (1820–1859) List of years in the United States 1858 in the United States1858 in U.S. states States Alabama Arkansas California Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Iowa Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri New Hamp...