HMS Endymion (1865)

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Endymion.

HMS Endymion rounding the Cape of Good Hope.
History
Royal Navy EnsignUnited Kingdom
NameHMS Endymion
BuilderDeptford Dockyard
Laid down20 October 1860
Launched18 November 1865
CompletedSeptember 1866
Commissioned27 September 1866
Decommissioned31 July 1879
FateLoaned out 1881, sold in 1885
United Kingdom
NameEndymion
OwnerMetropolitan Asylums Board
Acquired
  • 5 July 1881 (loan)
  • 1885 (purchase)
In service1881
Out of service1904
FateScrapped 1905
General characteristics
Class and type
  • Frigate (1865–81)
  • Administrative and hospital ship (1881–1904)
Displacement3,197 long tons (3,248 t)
Tons burthen
  • 2,47830⁄94 tons BOM (design)
  • 2,486 tons BOM (as built)
Length240 ft (73.2 m)
Beam47 ft 11 in (14.6 m)
Draught18 ft 8 in (5.69 m)
Installed power
PropulsionSails, 1 × 500 nhp steam engine, 1 shaft
Sail planFull-rigged ship
Speed12.5 knots (23.2 km/h; 14.4 mph)
Complement450
Armament
  • 4 × 100-pounder guns
  • 3 × 110-pounder guns
  • 14 × 8-inch guns

HMS Endymion was a 21-gun Ister-class wooden screw frigate, the third of four ships of this name to serve in the Royal Navy. She was the last wooden frigate built at Deptford Dockyard. She was commissioned in 1866 and spent much of her service based at Malta. In 1869–70 she sailed around the world as part of a Flying Squadron. She remained in front-line service until 1874.

Endymion then served as a guard ship at Hull, Yorkshire until 1879, latterly with her boilers condemned as unfit for service. A plan to use her as a flagship at Harwich, Essex from 1875 was abandoned due to the loss of HMS Vanguard. During her time at Hull, crew from Endymion assisted the local police in fighting a number of fires in buildings and timber yards.

Emdymion was lent to the Metropolitan Asylums Board in 1881 for use as an administration and hospital ship, initially at Greenwich, Kent and later at Dartford. She was sold out of service in 1885, and served as an administration ship until 1904. Endymion was sold in December 1904 and broken up in 1905.

Description

Endymion was 240 feet (73.2 m) long, with a beam of 47 feet 11 inches (14.6 m),[1] and a draught of 18 feet 8 inches (5.69 m).[2] She was designed with a beam of 47 feet 10 inches (14.6 m) and a burthen of 2,478 30⁄94 tons BOM and displaced 3,197 tons.[3][Note 1] She was to be fitted with 36 guns and had a complement of 450.[5] Propulsion was by a steam engine of 500 nominal horsepower,[6] which was built by Napier & Sons, Glasgow.[7] The engine drove a single screw propeller of 18 feet (5.49 m) diameter and 21 feet (6.40 m) pitch. The propeller was 3 feet 6 inches (1.07 m) long, and the tips of the blades were 7 feet 6 inches (2.29 m) beneath the surface of the water.[2] She was also rigged as a full-rigged ship.

Construction

Endymion was the last wooden frigate built at Deptford.[5] Her keel was laid down on 20 October 1860.[8] She was built on the same slip that had been vacated by the launch of HMS Newcastle.[9] On 1 February 1862, construction of Endymion was suspended on the orders of the Admiralty,[10] although the Admiralty later decided that she would be completed.[11] Construction restarted on 7 February 1864.[10] Her engines and boilers were transported from Deptford to Sheerness in October 1865 on board HMS Dee and HMS Monkey.[6] She was launched on 18 November 1865,[5] in front of a crowd of 10,000 people.[12] She was then towed by the steamships Locust, Monkey and Widgeon to Woolwich, where they awaited for the tide before Endymion was towed to Sheerness for completion.[13] Endymion was launched by Miss Ffrench, the daughter of Major Ffrench of the 74th (Highland) Regiment of Foot. A crowd of 40,000 people was present.[10]

By January 1866, Endymion was ready to have her lower masts fitted, following which her bottom was to be coppered.[14] She was designed to take 36 (later 30) guns, which were intended to comprise twenty-two 32-pounder smooth-bore and eight 64-pounder rifled muzzle-loading guns. However she was completed with four 100-pounder, rifled muzzle-loading guns (weight 125 Cwt/6,350 kg each), fourteen 8-inch guns (65 Cwt/3,302 kg each), located on the maindeck; and nine 110-pounder breech-loading guns (82 Cwt/6,166 kg each) located on the upper deck.[10] In August, it was reported that Endymion was then being fitted with three 110-pounder Armstrongs guns, four 6½-ton/100-pounder and fourteen 8-inch guns.[15][16][17]

History

Front-line service

Endymion was commissioned at Sheerness on 27 September 1866, under the command of Captain Charles Wake, who had previously commanded HMS Bulldog.[18] Sea trials were undertaken on 19 and 20 October. On the latter date, speed was assessed over a measured mile at the Maplin Sands.[19][20] On the first three runs, an average speed of 12.5 knots (23.2 km/h) was recorded, but one of the bearings in the engine was found to be running hot. Three more runs were made, giving an average speed over the first six runs of 11.672 knots (21.6 km/h). Six more runs were made at half-power, giving an average of 9.788 knots (18.1 km/h).[2]

Endymion departed from Spithead for the Mediterranean on 28 October,[21] arriving at Gibraltar on 10 November. She sailed eastward,[22] arriving at Valletta, Malta on 19 November.[23] She remained at Malta until 27 December, when she departed for target practice,[24] returning on 29 December.[25]

Endymion departed on 2 January 1867 for Beyrout, Syria, taking supplies for HMS Racer.[25] She had arrived at Alexandria, Egypt by 20 January.[26] On 25 February, one of her carpenters was court-martialled on board HMS Hibernia for drunkenness. He was found guilty and dismissed from the ship, being returned to the United Kingdom on board HMS Megaera.[27] Endymion arrived off the Syrian coast on 19 April.[28] She returned to Malta on 29 July.[29] On 22 August, the Mediterranean Squadron, comprising HMS Arethusa, HMS Caledonia, HMS Cruiser, HMS Endymion, HMS Prince Consort and HMS Royal Oak and under the command of Lord Clarence Paget, departed from Spezia, Italy.[30] The squadron arrived at Bastia, Corsica from Villafranca Tirenna, Sicily on 9 September.[31] On 9 October, HMS Cruiser was in difficulties off Avenza, Italy in a gale. Arethusa and Endymion were despatched under steam to her aid. During the rescue, one of Endymion's guns was dislodged from its mountings and ended up in a messroom. A sailor was washed overboard, but was rescued. Arethusa towed Cruiser to Spezia.[32] On 29 October, she departed from Malta for Livorno, Italy to collect a 16-year-old Japanese prince,[33] orders having been received to sail immediately after arrival at Malta, once refuelling and victualling had been performed. This was instead of undergoing repairs.[34] She returned to Malta on 7 November.[35] Endymion departed for Marseilles on 11 November with the prince on board.[36] During the voyage to Marseilles, her engines broke down,[37] causing damage to the engine's air pump, cylinders, pistons and trunk. She was ordered back to Malta for repairs,[38] arriving on 22 November.[39] On 27 November, her assistant-paymaster was court-martialled on board HMS Hibernia for being absent without leave. He was found guilty, losing a year's seniority and being dismissed from the ship.[40]

On 30 January 1868, Endymion was caught by a squall whilst taking up her berth in Valletta Harbour. She collided with the Turkish ironclad Mahmoudiah, taking away her bowsprit and then colliding with HMS Lord Warden, damaging some boats and an accommodation ladder. Endymion was reported to be undamaged.[41] On 18 March,[42] Arethusa and Endymion departed for Naples, Italy,[43] Endymion was carrying Rear-Admiral Kellett, who was going on leave to recuperate.[44] The voyage was also to test her engines, which had taken four months to repair.[37] She returned to Malta on 4 April.[45] Endymion sailed on 26 May for Beyrout, in company with Lord Warden.[46] She returned via Piraeus, Greece, arriving on 14 June.[47] On 17 June, a first-class engineer from Endymion was court-martialled on board HMS Hibernia for drunkenness. He pleaded guilty and was sentenced to be dismissed from Her Majesty's Service.[48] On 1 July, HMS Caledonia and Endymion departed Malta for Corfu and Venice, Italy.[49] She departed from Venice on 27 July for Trieste.[50] She arrived at Malta on 18 September.[51] On 26 September, Endymion departed from Malta in company with Chiltern, Newport and Scanderia, which were laying a new submarine cable between Malta and Alexandria,[52] which was reached on 6 October.[53] She then sailed to Brindisi, Italy to collect Lord Napier of Magdala,[54] arriving on 15 November. Endymion was the first British frigate to enter Brindisi Harbour.[55] She sailed for Alexandria on 19  November,[56] arriving on 24 November.[54] She then sailed to Malta, arriving on 6 December.[57] She was then dry docked to enable her bottom to be cleaned.[58]

Endymion left the dry dock on 7 January 1869.[58] On 26 January, a sub-lieutenant serving on board HMS Defence was court-martialled on board HMS Hibernia for false accounting in connection with the gun-room wine accounts whilst serving on board Endymion during 1867. He was further charged with destroying part of the issue-book relating to the wine accounts. The first charge was found to be partly proved, whilst he was found not guilty on the second charge. He was sentenced to be dismissed from Her Majesty's Service.[59] She sailed from Malta on 27 January in the company of HMS Wizard bound for Gibraltar.[60] She was reported to be at Cadiz, Spain on 11 February,[61] and at Gibraltar a month later.[62] She departed on 22 March for Málaga, Spain,[63] where she arrived on 3 April.[64] She then received orders to sail to England to join the Flying Squadron.[65] Endymion sailed to Spithead via Lisbon, Portugal, arriving on 1 May.[66] On 21 May 1869, Edward Lacy took command of Endymion.[5] She sailed on 10 June for Plymouth Sound.[67] Endymion was to join a Flying Squadron which was to sail around the world. The other ships were HMS Bristol, HMS Liffey, HMS Liverpool and HMS Scylla. HMS Barossa was to join the squadron at Bahia, Brazil once her repairs had been completed.[68] Scylla was the fastest,[69] and Endymion was the slowest of the six ships.[70] Barossa caught up with the squadron by the time Madeira was reached on 1 July. The squadron departed for Bahia the next day.[71] On 9 July, a race under sail was held between the six ships. Endymion was sixth and last, behind Barossa, which was 24½ cables (4.54 km) ahead.[72] The squadron departed from Bahia on 4 August, minus Bristol, which returned to Plymouth.[73] The squadron then sailed to Rio de Janeiro, Argentina, departing on 26 July for Montevideo, Uruguay, where the squadron arrived on 6 August. During the voyage from Rio de Janeiro, a fatal case of yellow fever was reported on board one of the ships.[74] The squadron departed on 11 September for The Cape, where it arrived on 4 October. Bristol rejoined the squadron there.[75] The squadron departed from Cape Town on 16 October bound for Melbourne, Victoria. On 9 November, the squadron was caught in a storm and scattered, with all ships sustaining some damage to their rigging and sails.[76] The squadron reached Melbourne on 26 November, anchoring in the mouth of the Yarra Yarra River at Williamstwon. The citizens of Melbourne gave the squadron an enthusiastic welcome. It sailed for Sydney on 7 December,[77] arriving on 12 December. On 29 December, the squadron sailed for Hobart, Tasmania.[78]

On 2 January 1870, the Flying Squadron arrived at Hobart. It sailed on 10 January for New Zealand.[79] Arrival at Auckland was on 2 February, with the squadron departing six days later for Japan.[80] On 6 April, the squadron arrived at Yokohama, departing on 14 April for Yedo and returning to Yokohama on 17 April and sailing again on 19 April.[81] Its destination was Vancouver Island, which was reached in May, departing on 28 May for Valparaiso, Chile,[82] via Honolulu, Hawaii, departing from there on 22 June. The squadron arrived at Valparaiso on 14 August. At this point it comprised Charybdis, Endymion, Liffey Liverpool and Pearl.[83] The squadron sailed on 28 August, and rounded Cape Horn on 13 September.[84] The circumnavigation was completed on 21 September, and was celebrated by the order of "splice the mainbrace" being given. On 2 October, one of the boys serving on Endymion fell overboard. He was a non-swimmer and Sub-Lieutenant Jones dived in and came to his rescue, the boy being unharmed.[85] The squadron arrived at Bahia on 6 October, sailing three days later. An intended call at Fayal, Azores was abandoned due to unfavourable weather conditions. The squadron arrived at Plymouth on 15 November.[84] Endymion arrived at Spithead on 17 November 1870.[86] She was then ordered to be dis-masted and paid off,[87] Her lower masts and rigging were retained, and she was paid off on 30 November, with a view to a quick recommission.[88]

Endymion departed from Portsmouth under steam on 6 February 1871 for trials off Spithead, returning to port that day.[89] On 24 April 1872, Edward Madden took command of Endymion, which was then in use as a training ship for cadets.[5] On 28 May, personnel on leave from Endymion were recalled as the ship had received orders to sail immediately.[90] She undertook a short cruise in the English Channel, arriving back at Spithead on 3 June.[91] She then sailed for Gibraltar, putting into Plymouth on 19 June to land a sailor who had fallen from the rigging.[92] She was at Lisbon on 12 August,[93] She departed from Gibraltar on 24 August heading west.[94] She sailed to Vigo, Spain, where she joined the Mediterranean Squadron, comprising HMS Aurora, HMS Invincible, HMS Lord Warden, HMS Pallas, HMS Research and HMS Swiftsure.[95] The squadron arrived at Gibraltar on 2 October. Endymion departed on 9 October and headed west.[96] She sailed to Plymouth, departing on 27 October for Portsmouth,[97] arriving on 1 November.[98] She then underwent a refit.[99] Replacement fore and main masts were fitted. These had come from HMS Mersey and were heavier than those previously installed on Endymion, leading to doubts over her stability.[100] She was reported to be ready for active service in December 1871.[101]

On 11 May 1872, Endymion was inspected at Portsmouth by Admiral Sir George Mundy KCB, before departing for Portland that evening. She was described as being armed with 22 guns.[102] She later departed for Gibraltar, arriving on 30 June.[103] She sailed on 6 July to join the Mediterranean Squadron.[104] On 12 July, Endymion anchored in the Tagus at Lisbon.[105] She later returned to Gibraltar, remaining behind when the squadron sailed as a court-martial was to be held on board.[106] The engineer of HMS Hart was sentenced to be dismissed from the ship with the loss of a year's seniority and a severe reprimand.[107] Following the conclusion of the court-martial, Endymion joined the squadron at Vigo, Spain on 14 August.[106] The squadron departed on 21 September, for a cruise around the Mediterranean, with an eventual destination of Malta.[108] It arrived off Lisbon on 24 September,[109] Endymion left the squadron at Gibraltar, sailing on 7 October for England in company of Aurora.[110] She towed the French barque Lutin in to Gibraltar that day. The barque had been in collision with the Italian steamship La Pampa off Europa Point and had become waterlogged.[96] Endymion was carrying Sir J Drummond Hay, and took him to Tangier, Morocco, leaving immediately after he had disembarked. She called at Lisbon, arriving on 15 October and departing the next day.[111] She arrived at Portsmouth on 31 October.[112] Endymion then underwent a refit.[113] New masts were fitted, which were brought to Portsmouth on board HMS Valorous.[114] On 5 November, a court-martial was held at Portsmouth on board Duke of Wellington of a boy who was accused of the theft of £8 7s 6d belonging to No.7 mess and its caterer. He was found guilty and sentenced to three months' imprisonment at Lewes Gaol.[115]

On 11 January 1873, a court-martial was held at Portsmouth on board HMS Duke of Wellington of an able seaman from Endymion who was charged with desertion and attempting to obtain money by fraudulent means. He pleaded guilty and was sentenced to two years' imprisonment at Winchester Gaol. The first seven days in each month to be kept in solitary confinement and the rest of the time to be kept at hard labour. At the termination of his imprisonment he was to be dismissed with disgrace.[116] On 19 January, Endymion was undergoing trials in the Channel when she was caught in a storm. A rating was lost overboard and she lost her jib-boom and two boats. Her new foremast was damaged.[117] Following repairs at Portsmouth, she sailed on 22 January for Vigo,[118] her arrival being reported in The Times of 4 February.[119] Endymion departed from Vigo on 6 February in company of HMS Aurora, HMS Doris and HMS Topaze.[120] She was bound for Barbados.[121] Vigo was reached in early February,[122] with the squadron sailing on 6 February.[123] Endymion sailed to Martinique whilst the rest of the squadron sailed to Saint Vincent. The squadron regrouped at Guadeloupe on 3 April and then sailed to Martinique, arriving at Saint Pierre on 5 April.[124] The squadron then sailed to Port Royal, Jamaica, arriving on 14 May.[125] The squadron then sailed to Gibraltar, where they had arrived by the end of August.[126] On 18 September, Henry Hickley took command of Endymion.[5] In September, Endymion was one of several ships ordered to lay off Valencia, Spain where there was an insurgency. Ironclads owned by the Canton of Murcia were crewed by convicts. Questions were asked about whether or not this deprived them of any protection under the laws of war.[127] She was lying off Barcelona by the end of October, departing on 27 October,[128] and arriving at Valencia on 5 November.[129] Endymion arrived at Gibraltar on 2 December.[130] She departed on 13 December for Málaga, Spain, where she was to relieve Doris.[131]

Endymion departed on 5 January 1874 for Malta,[132] calling at Portmán, Spain on 12 January.[133] Endymion arrived at Malta on 15 February.[134] She departed from Malta on 8 March for Corfu, as part of the Mediterranean Squadron. The other ships were HMS Doris, HMS Immortalité, HMS Narcissus and HMS Topaze.[135] On 10 May, Endymion and Narcissus both ran aground in Palermo Bay,[136] with Narcissus losing 27 feet (8.2 m) of her false keel and being holed in two places. Both ships put into Cagliari, Sardinia.[137] Rear-Admiral Randolph, in charge of the squadron, was court-martialled on board HMS Royal Adelaide at Devonport. He was unanimously acquitted.[136] The squadron arrived at Port Mahon, Spain on 1 June. Doris was ordered to leave the squadron and proceed to Gibraltar under steam.[138] Endymion was ordered to proceed to Devonport,[139] She departed on 13 June, arriving at Plymouth on 4 July.[140] After a spell on guard off the Isle of Wight, where Queen Victoria was staying at Osborne House,[141] she arrived at the Medway on 23 July for paying off.[142] Endymion left Cowes on 21 July, and was replaced by an ironclad. She sailed to Portsmouth for paying off.[143] On 27 July, an able seaman from Endymion was court-martialled on board HMS Duncan at The Nore. He was charged with being in contempt of an officer and conduct prejudicial to good order and discipline. He was found guilty and sentenced to one year's hard labour and to be dismissed from the Navy.[144]Endymion was sent to the Humber for coast guard duties.[5]

Guard ship

Endymion was at Hull, Yorkshire by October.[145] Endymion sailed from Hull in July for Plymouth.[146] HMS Iron Duke replaced her on guard ship duties.[147] Both ships sailed in company from Devonport on 30 July for Portland.[148]

On 17 January 1875, a court-martial was held on board Duke of Wellington as Portsmouth of a leading seaman from Endymion who was charged with indecent assault and inducing another to commit the same offence; he was found guilty on the second charge. He was sentenced to five years imprisonment as a close prisoner.[149] On 1 April, a court-martial was held on board Duncan at The Nore of a marine serving in Endymion who was accused of assaulting a corporal in the execution of his duties. He pleaded guilty and was sentenced to two years' hard labour and dismissal from the service.[150]Endymion returned to Chatham in August for her annual refit.[151] Her crew transferred to HMS Iron Duke.[152] In September, she was towed from Sheerness to Devonport by the Admiralty tugs Camel and Grinder,[153] her boilers having been condemned as unfit for service.[152] It was intended that Endymion would be stationed at Harwich, Essex where she was to replace HMS Penelope as the flagship of the Admiral Superintendent of the Naval Reserve. That plan was cancelled due to the loss of HMS Vanguard,[154] with that ship's crew transferring to Iron Duke, with her crew transferring back to Endymion.[152] Endymion departed from Devonport on 4 November for Hull, where she was to take up coast guard duties. As her boilers had not been repaired, she departed under sail.[155] On 13 December, a court-martial was held on board Duke of Wellington at Portsmouth of an able seaman from Endymion charged with three counts of insubordination and disobedience. He pleaded guilty and was sentenced to three years' imprisonment at Lewes Gaol. The first seven days in each month to be kept in solitary confinement and the rest of the time to be kept at hard labour.[156]

On 23 February 1876, a private in the Royal Marines serving on board Endymion was court-martialled on a charge of insubordination; he pleaded guilty and was sentenced to two years' imprisonment.[157][158] On 7 March, a fire broke out in the yard of Humphrys & Pearson Ltd, shipbuilders, located in the Victoria Dock. A range of workshops was destroyed, and the ship Sylph, then under construction, was severely damaged. Her rigging and port side were burnt. Royal Marines from Endymion and HMS Pheasant assisted in the firefighting operations.[159] On Ascension Day, a salute was fired by Endymion in honour of the Queen. This caused two windows to fall out of a building in Scale Lane, Hull, injuring two passers-by.[160] On 14 August, a fire broke out at a timber yard in Hull. Crewmen from Dauntless, Endymion and Mermaid assisted the Hull police in fighting the fire.[161] Nine days later, crewmen from Endymion gave assistance at another fire at a timber yard in Drypool.[162] John Moresby took command of Endymion on 29 September 1876.[5]

In 1877, she remained stationed on the Humber; HMS Pheasant was her tender until Pheasant was sent to Sheerness in June for paying off and decommissioning,[163] being replaced by HMS Ariel.[164] On 9 September, a fire developed in a fish merchant's shop in Church Lane, Hull. Men from Endymion assisted in fighting the fire. Shortly after the fire had been extinguished, Holy Trinity Church was discovered to be on fire. It was suspected that sparks from the fire at the fish merchant's shop had caused this fire, which was extinguished without doing any major damage.[165]

On 6 March 1878, Henry Woollcombe took command of Endymion.[5] This was due to the death of Rear-Admiral William Charles Chamberlain, Superintendent at Devonport. Captain Leveson Somerset, in command at Bermuda was promoted to the vacated position. Moresby was promoted to the Bermuda position and Woollcombe was promoted to replace him as captain of Endymion.[166] On 12 April, a fire developed in shops at the Market Place, Hull. Forty marines from Endymion assisted the Hull Police in fighting the fire. They brought a hand pump but was unable to use it owing to incompatibility of the hose and hydrant, being different sizes.[167] On 22 August, a private in the Royal Marines was court-martialled at Portsmouth for desertion from Endymion. He pleaded guilty and was sentenced to six months imprisonment and dismissal from service.[168]

In March 1879, a butcher in Hull launched a lawsuit to recover £47 in respect of meat supplied to the officers of the wardroom mess. A mess-man by the name of Jones had collected monies from various crew, but not paid the butcher. The jury found in favour of the plaintiff, even though notices had been placed in the local press stating that Jones was not authorised to pledge the credit of the officers on board Endymion. A notice which the plaintiff claimed not to have seen.[169] In July, a lieutenant was found guilty of drunkenness.[170] Endymion departed from Hull under tow on 6 July.[171] She arrived at Chatham on 10 July 1879 to be replaced on the Humber by HMS Audacious, with her crew transferring to that ship,[172] including Captain Woollacombe.[173] Endymion was placed in the fourth division of the Medway Steam Reserve.[172] Endymion was decommissioned on 31 July.[5]

Administration and hospital ship

Atlas and Endymion in Deptford Creek, Kent, 1881.

In June 1881, the Lords of the Admiralty agreed to lend HMS Atlas and Endymion to the Metropolitan Asylums Board along with a steam pinnace, due to an epidemic of smallpox in London. Endymion was to serve as an administration ship.[174] She was towed out of Chatham on 25 June and towed to Greenwich, Kent on 29 June. She was to be used as a hospital ship for patients infected with smallpox,[175] although Endymion was supposed to be an administrative ship.[174] Atlas was acquired by the board on 4 June, and Endymion on 5 July.[176] The plans for the conversion of Atlas and Endymion were drawn up by Messrs A & C Hartson, the architects to the board. A gangway connected the two ships.[4] Conversion of Atlas and Endymion cost £11,000. Endymion provided accommodation for the staff serving on the ships, as well as kitchen and laundry facilities. She also provided heating for the ships,[177] as well as laundry and the repair of the patient's clothes being done on board.[178]

The location of the ships drew an objection from the shipbuilders Messrs Rennie because some of their employees refused to work near the riverside where Atlas was moored. It was also necessary to move Atlas and Endymion every time Rennie's launched a ship.[179] In 1882, the Thames Conservancy wrote to the Metropolitan Asylums Board urging them to move Atlas and Endymion from Greenwich. The Thames Conservancy also called upon the board to pay a large claim for expenses incurred by Messrs Rennie's. At a meeting of the board, it was suggested that if moved, Atlas should be used for convalescent patients. The board decided to await the report from a Royal Commission into infectious diseases hospitals before deciding whether or not to move the ships.[180] The last smallpox patients left Atlas in August 1882. The Metropolitan Asylums Board decided that the ships provided a useful facility and that they would be kept;[181] in 1883, they were moved downstream to Long Reach, near Dartford.

The galley on board Endymion

In 1884, Atlas and Endymion were joined by a third hospital ship, the former cross-Channel paddle steamer Castalia.[181][182] In February 1885, a meeting of the Metropolitan Asylums Board was informed that the Admiralty had stated that it the board wished to continue using Atlas and Endymion, they would have to purchase them at a cost of £8,400 and £6,500 respectively. The board replied that they would purchase the ships, but asked for the cost to be reduced.[183] In June, it was reported that the board were authorised to purchase both ships.[184] On 2 January 1902, a fire broke out on board Endymion. The Metropolitan Fire Brigade and the fireboat Alpha attended.[185] Endymion served in this rôle until 1904, when the new Joyce Green Hospital opened at Dartford, Kent.[186] Endymion was sold by auction at the Bull Hotel, Dartford, Kent,[187] in December 1904 for breaking.[186][188] Endymion sold for £3,200.[177] Along with Atlas and Castalia, a total of £8,045 was realised.[188] The ships were to be removed within two months or a rental of £25 per week would then be payable.[187]

Notes

  1. ^ The Illustrated London News gives a figure of 2,486 tons BOM – this is the actual tons burthen as built, as she was measured as being an inch wider than her design when launched.[4]

Footnotes

  1. ^ Gardiner 1979, p. 46.
  2. ^ a b c "Sheerness". Hampshire Telegraph & Sussex Chronicle. No. 3523. Portsmouth. 23 May 1866.
  3. ^ Winfield & Lyon 2004, p. 205.
  4. ^ a b "The Smallpox Hospital Ships". Illustrated London News (2201): 74. 23 July 1881.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Endymion". Peter Davis. Retrieved 21 July 2011.
  6. ^ a b "Military and Naval Intelligence". The Times. No. 25326. London. 26 October 1865. col C, p. 10.
  7. ^ "Naval Intelligence". The Times. No. 25355. London. 29 November 1865. col F, p. 12.
  8. ^ Various British Screw Frigates 1968, p. 323.
  9. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 23786. London. 24 November 1860. col C, p. 6.
  10. ^ a b c d "Naval & Military Intelligence". The Bury & Norwich Post, and Suffolk Herald. No. 4352. Bury St Edmunds. 21 November 1865. p. 3.
  11. ^ "Launch of Her Majesty's Ship Vixen". The Standard. No. 12881. London. 20 November 1865. p. 2.
  12. ^ "(untitled)". Leeds Mercury. No. 8614. Leeds. 21 November 1865.
  13. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Morning Post. No. 28690. London. 24 November 1865. p. 5.
  14. ^ "Naval Intelligence". The Times. No. 25409. London. 31 January 1866. col B, p. 5.
  15. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 25572. London. 9 August 1866. col C, p. 12.
  16. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 25591. London. 31 August 1866. col B, p. 10.
  17. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 25592. London. 1 September 1866. col D, p. 12.
  18. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 25615. London. 28 September 1866. col B, p. 10.
  19. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 25635. London. 22 October 1866. col B, p. 10.
  20. ^ "Sheerness". Hampshire Telegraph & Sussex Chronicle. No. 3522. Portsmouth. 19 May 1866.
  21. ^ "Military and Naval Intelligence". The Times. No. 25641. London. 29 October 1866. col B, p. 7.
  22. ^ "Naval and Military News". Hampshire Telegraph & Sussex Chronicle. No. 3575. Portsmouth. 21 November 1866.
  23. ^ "Malta". The Morning Post. No. 29007. London. 29 November 1866. p. 5.
  24. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 35967. London. 2 January 1867. col E, p. 9.
  25. ^ a b "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Standard. No. 13255. London. 7 January 1867. p. 6.
  26. ^ "The Mediterranean". The Times. No. 25725. London. 4 February 1867. col D, p. 8.
  27. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 25778. London. 6 April 1867. col C, p. 12.
  28. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 25804. London. 7 May 1867. col D, p. 12.
  29. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2293. Portsmouth. 10 August 1867. p. 4.
  30. ^ "The Mediterranean Squadron". The Morning Post. No. 29329. London. 27 August 1867. p. 5.
  31. ^ "The Mediterranean Fleet". The Morning Post. No. 29257. London. 17 September 1867. p. 6.
  32. ^ "The Mediterranean Fleet". The Morning Post. No. 29279. London. 14 October 1867. p. 6.
  33. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 25971. London. 18 November 1867. col C, p. 9.
  34. ^ "Naval and Military: The Mediterranean". The Daily News. No. 6709. London. 4 November 1867.
  35. ^ "This Evening's News". The Pall Mall Gazette. No. 857. London. 8 November 1867.
  36. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 25975. London. 22 November 1867. col B, p. 5.
  37. ^ a b "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 25086. London. 31 March 1868. col A, p. 12.
  38. ^ "Naval and Military News". Hampshire Telegraph & Sussex Chronicle. No. 3681. Portsmouth. 27 November 1867.
  39. ^ "The Mediterranean Station". Hampshire Telegraph & Sussex Chronicle. No. 2309. Portsmouth. 27 November 1867. p. 4.
  40. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 25988. London. 7 December 1867. col C, p. 12.
  41. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26041. London. 7 February 1868. col B, p. 12.
  42. ^ "Naval and Military News". Hampshire Telegraph & Sussex Chronicle. No. 3728. Portsmouth. 9 May 1868.
  43. ^ "Latest Intelligence". The Times. No. 26083. London. 27 March 1868. col A, p. 12.
  44. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26080. London. 24 March 1868. col B, p. 12.
  45. ^ "Latest Intelligence". The Times. No. 26091. London. 6 April 1868. col A, p. 12.
  46. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26140. London. 2 June 1868. col E, p. 9.
  47. ^ "Latest Intelligence". The Times. No. 26151. London. 15 June 1868. col B, p. 9.
  48. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26166. London. 2 July 1868. col B, p. 12.
  49. ^ "Latest Intelligence". The Times. No. 26167. London. 3 July 1868. col A, p. 12.
  50. ^ "Naval Intelligence". The Times. No. 26212. London. 25 August 1868. col B, p. 10.
  51. ^ "Latest Intelligence". The Times. No. 26235. London. 21 September 1868. col B, p. 9.
  52. ^ "Military and Naval Intelligence". The Times. No. 26246. London. 3 October 1868. col F, p. 6.
  53. ^ "Malta". The Morning Post. No. 29602. London. 24 October 1868. p. 5.
  54. ^ a b "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26300. London. 5 December 1868. col D, p. 5.
  55. ^ "Malta". Birmingham Daily Post. No. 3221. Birmingham. 16 November 1868.
  56. ^ "Lord Napier". Sheffield & Rotherham Independent. No. 4795. Sheffield. 20 November 1868. p. 2.
  57. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26310. London. 17 December 1868. col F, p. 9.
  58. ^ a b "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Standard. No. 13868. London. 14 January 1869. p. 3.
  59. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26351. London. 3 February 1869. col E, p. 9.
  60. ^ "Malta". The Morning Post. No. 29685. London. 29 January 1869. p. 5.
  61. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26368. London. 23 February 1869. col B, p. 5.
  62. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26382. London. 11 March 1869. col F, p. 5.
  63. ^ "The Bombay Mails". The Morning Post. No. 29741. London. 5 April 1869. p. 2.
  64. ^ "The India and China Mails". The Times. No. 26408. London. 10 April 1869. col F, p. 12.
  65. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Standard. No. 13961. London. 3 May 1869. p. 6.
  66. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26427. London. 3 May 1869. col F, p. 12.
  67. ^ "Military and Naval Intelligence". The Times. No. 26462. London. 12 June 1869. col F, p. 12.
  68. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26429. London. 21 June 1869. col E, p. 12.
  69. ^ "The Flying Squadron". The Bradford Observer. No. 2090. Bradford. 2 September 1869. p. 8.
  70. ^ "The Flying Squadron". The Star. No. 12. St Peter Port. 22 July 1869.
  71. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 24688. London. 13 July 1869. col B, p. 12.
  72. ^ "The Flying Squadron". Daily News. No. 7286. London. 7 September 1969.
  73. ^ "Military and Naval Intelligence". The Times. No. 26544. London. 16 September 1869. col A, p. 9.
  74. ^ "Yellow Fever in the Flying Squadron". Leeds Mercury. No. 9833. Leeds. 16 October 1969.
  75. ^ "The Cape Mail". The Times. No. 26591. London. 10 November 1869. col C, p. 9.
  76. ^ "The Flying Squadron". The Times. No. 26661. London. 31 January 1870. col F, p. 5.
  77. ^ "Notes from the Flying Squadron". The Standard. No. 14197. London. 2 February 1870. p. 3.
  78. ^ "The Flying Squadron". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2474. Southampton. 26 February 1870. p. 8.
  79. ^ "The Flying Squadron". Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2482. Southampton. 26 March 1870. p. 8.
  80. ^ "The Flying Squadron". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2492. Southampton. 30 April 1870. p. 8.
  81. ^ "The Flying Squadron". The Star. No. 148. St Peter Port. 4 June 1870.
  82. ^ "The Flying Squadron". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2508. Southampton. 25 June 1870. p. 8.
  83. ^ "Latest Intelligence". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2536. Southampton. 1 October 1870. p. 4.
  84. ^ a b "Return of The Flying Squadron". The Morning Post. No. 30246. London. 16 November 1870. p. 5.
  85. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Morning Post. No. 30234. London. 2 November 1870. p. 3.
  86. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26911. London. 18 November 1870. col B, p. 3.
  87. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26915. London. 23 November 1870. col F, p. 5.
  88. ^ "Military and Naval Intelligence". The Times. No. 26922. London. 1 December 1870. col D, p. 7.
  89. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 26980. London. 7 February 1871. col C, p. 3.
  90. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 27388. London. 28 May 1872. col D, p. 5.
  91. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 27394. London. 4 June 1872. col C, p. 12.
  92. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 27409. London. 21 June 1872. col D, p. 12.
  93. ^ "The Mails". The Times. No. 27458. London. 17 August 1872. col E, p. 7.
  94. ^ "The Mails". The Times. No. 27475. London. 6 September 1872. col D, p. 4.
  95. ^ "Latest Intelligence". The Times. No. 27490. London. 24 September 1872. col A, p. 5.
  96. ^ a b "The Mails". The Times. No. 27510. London. 17 October 1872. col F, p. 4.
  97. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 27520. London. 29 October 1872. col C, p. 3.
  98. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 27524. London. 2 November 1872. col D, p. 5.
  99. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 27549. London. 2 December 1872. col F, p. 5.
  100. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 27587. London. 15 January 1873. col D, p. 5.
  101. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2657. Southampton. 2 December 1871. p. 8.
  102. ^ "Naval and Military News". Hampshire Telegraph & Sussex Chronicle etc. No. 4147. Portsmouth. 15 May 1872.
  103. ^ "Ship News: Gibraltar". The Morning Post. No. 30759. London. 30 June 1872. p. 5.
  104. ^ "Naval and Military News". Hampshire Telegraph & Sussex Chronicle etc. No. 4165. Portsmouth. 17 July 1872.
  105. ^ "Portugal". Birmingham Daily Post. No. 4393. Birmingham. 14 August 1872.
  106. ^ a b "Portsmouth Branch". Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2735. Southampton. 31 August 1872. p. 8.
  107. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 27466. London. 27 August 1872. col E, p. 3.
  108. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2743. Southampton. 28 September 1872. p. 8.
  109. ^ "The Mediterranean Station". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2745. Southampton. 5 October 1872.
  110. ^ "Naval Movements". Freeman's Journal and Daily Commercial Advertiser. Dublin. 9 October 1872.
  111. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2752. Southampton. 30 October 1872. p. 4.
  112. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Standard. No. 15057. London. 1 November 1872. p. 6.
  113. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2762. Southampton. 4 December 1872. p. 4.
  114. ^ "Naval and Military News". Hampshire Telegraph & Sussex Chronicle etc. No. 4201. Portsmouth. 20 November 1872.
  115. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire advertiser. No. 2755. Southampton. 9 November 1872. p. 8.
  116. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Standard. No. 15119. London. 13 January 1873. p. 6.
  117. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 27592. London. 21 January 1873. col C, p. 5.
  118. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Morning Post. No. 31376. London. 22 January 1873. p. 5.
  119. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 27607. London. 4 February 1873. col B, p. 5.
  120. ^ "The Lyons Municipality". The Times. No. 27607. London. 7 February 1873. col A, p. 12.
  121. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2777. Southampton. 25 January 1873. p. 8.
  122. ^ "The Channel Squadron". Huddersfield Daily Chronicle. No. 1714. Huddersfield. 3 February 1873. p. 3.
  123. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2782. Southampton. 12 February 1873. p. 3.
  124. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2805. Southampton. 3 May 1873. p. 8.
  125. ^ "The West Indies". The Morning Post. No. 31498. London. 13 June 1873. p. 5.
  126. ^ "The Intransigentes in Spain". The Times. No. 27781. London. 29 August 1873. col A, p. 3.
  127. ^ "The Raid on Alicante". The Times. No. 27804. London. 25 September 1873. col A, p. 5.
  128. ^ "The Siege of Cartagena". The Times. No. 27834. London. 30 October 1873. col A-B, p. 3.
  129. ^ "The Madrid Government". The Times. No. 27843. London. 10 November 1873. col B, p. 5.
  130. ^ "Ship News". The Morning Advertiser. No. 31650. London. 8 December 1873. p. 3.
  131. ^ "The Mediterranean Station". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2873. Southampton. 27 December 1873. p. 8.
  132. ^ "The Mails". The Times. No. 27903. London. 19 January 1874. col E, p. 5.
  133. ^ "Ship News". The Morning Post. No. 31686. London. 19 January 1874. p. 8.
  134. ^ "Malta". The Morning Post. No. 31696. London. 30 January 1874. p. 5.
  135. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 27953. London. 18 March 1874. col F, p. 5.
  136. ^ a b "The Court-Martial on Admiral Randolph". Huddersfield Daily Chronicle. No. 2162. Huddersfield. 13 July 1874. p. 3.
  137. ^ "Accident to the Flying Squadron". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2916. Southampton. 27 May 1874. p. 4.
  138. ^ "The Mails". The Times. No. 28024. London. 9 June 1874. col F, p. 11.
  139. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2925. Southampton. 27 June 1874. p. 8.
  140. ^ "Arrival of the Flying Squadron". Bury and Norwich Post, and Suffolk Herald. No. 4802. Bury St Edmunds. 7 July 1874. p. 2.
  141. ^ "Latest News". Aberdeen Journal. No. 6601. Aberdeen. 15 July 1874.
  142. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 28063. London. 24 July 1874. col E, p. 5.
  143. ^ "Cowes". Isle of Wight Observer. No. 1132. Ryde. 25 July 1874. p. 6.
  144. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 2935. Southampton. 1 August 1874. p. 8.
  145. ^ "Local Intelligence". Hull Packet and East Riding Times. No. 4680. Hull. 16 October 1874.
  146. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 3033. Southampton. 10 July 1875. p. 8.
  147. ^ "Local Intelligence". Hull Packet and East Riding Times. No. 4691. Hull. 23 July 1875.
  148. ^ "Devonport, Thursday, July 29th 1875". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 3039. Southampton. 30 July 1975. p. 8.
  149. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". Hampshire Telegraph and Sussex Chronicle etc. No. 4436. Portsmouth. 20 January 1875.
  150. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Standard. No. 15813. London. 2 April 1875. p. 5.
  151. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 28400. London. 21 August 1874. col F, p. 5.
  152. ^ a b c "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Morning Post. No. 32213. London. 27 September 1875. p. 8.
  153. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 32197. Southampton. 8 September 1875. p. 6.
  154. ^ "Harwich". The Essex Standard, West Suffolk Gazette, and Eastern Counties' Advertiser. No. 2336. Romford. 17 September 1875.
  155. ^ "Devonport, Thursday, 4th November 1875". Hampshire Advertiser. No. 3067. Southampton. 6 November 1875. p. 8.
  156. ^ "Court-Martial at Portsmouth". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 3079. Southampton. 18 December 1875. p. 8.
  157. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Morning Post. No. 32342. London. 24 February 1876. p. 3.
  158. ^ "Court-Martial at Portsmouth". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 3100. Southampton. 1 March 1876. p. 4.
  159. ^ "The Great Fire at Hull". The York Herald. No. 5954. York. 9 March 1876. p. 6.
  160. ^ "Local Intelligence". The Hull Packet and East Riding Times. No. 4739. Hull. 23 June 1872.
  161. ^ "Destructive Fire at Hull". Newcastle Courant. No. 10521. Newcastle upon Tyne. 18 August 1876.
  162. ^ "Another Great Fire at Hull". The York Herald. No. 6100. York. 26 August 1876. p. 2.
  163. ^ "Portsmouth Branch". The Hampshire Advertiser. No. 3236. Southampton. 20 June 1877. p. 4.
  164. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 29110. London. 27 November 1877. col C, p. 10.
  165. ^ "Serious Fire at Hull. Holy Trinity Church on Fire". York Herald. No. 6423. York. 10 September 1877. p. 5.
  166. ^ "Naval Preparations at Chatham". The Pall Mall Gazette. No. 4065. London. 1 March 1878.
  167. ^ "Disastrous Fire in Hull". Hull Packet and East Riding Times. No. 4835. Hull. 19 April 1878.
  168. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 29341. London. 23 August 1878. col E, p. 11.
  169. ^ "The High Court of Justice, 10 March". The Times. No. 29512. London. 11 March 1879. col B, p. 4.
  170. ^ "Naval Intelligence". The Times. No. 29621. London. 16 July 1879. col B, p. 10.
  171. ^ "Local Intelligence". Hull Packet and East Riding Times. No. 4899. Hull. 11 July 1879.
  172. ^ a b "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 29619. London. 14 July 1879. col E, p. 8.
  173. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 29636. London. 2 August 1879. col E, p. 5.
  174. ^ a b "The Smallpox Epidemic in London". The Times. No. 30219. London. 13 June 1881. col E, p. 8.
  175. ^ "Naval and Military Intelligence". The Times. No. 30321. London. 29 June 1880. col E, p. 8.
  176. ^ "The Small Pox Epidemic". The Morning Post. No. 34023. London. 11 July 1881. p. 4.
  177. ^ a b "SMALLPOX HOSPITAL SHIPS". Lost Hospitals of London. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  178. ^ "Containing smallpox in Victorian London: Patients and staff". Port Cities London. Retrieved 1 August 2011.
  179. ^ "The Smallpox Epidemic in London". The Times. No. 30255. London. 25 July 1881. col F, p. 11.
  180. ^ "The Metropolitan Asylums Board". The Times. No. 30459. London. 20 March 1882. col G, p. 11.
  181. ^ a b "Containing smallpox in Victorian London:The smallpox ships". Portcities London. Archived from the original on 2 October 2012. Retrieved 1 August 2011.
  182. ^ Dr. Cameron, MP for Glasgow (1 July 1884). "Public Health: Small Pox Epidemic". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). United Kingdom: House of Commons.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  183. ^ "The Metropolitan Asylums Board". The Times. No. 31360. London. 3 February 1882. col B, p. 6.
  184. ^ "The Metropolitan Asylums Board". The Times. No. 31479. London. 22 June 1885. col F, p. 10.
  185. ^ "Fire in a Smallpox Hospital Ship". The Times. No. 36655. London. 3 January 1903. col C, p. 8.
  186. ^ a b "Metropolitan Asylums Board". The Times. No. 32787. London. 11 January 1904. col E, p. 11.
  187. ^ a b "The MAB Hospital Ships, Long Reach, Dartford". Workhouses. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  188. ^ a b "Metropolitan Asylums Board". The Times. No. 37576. London. col C, p. 4.

References

Read other articles:

Klara dari Montefalco

Santo Klara dari Montefalco Klara dari Montefalco (1268 - 18 Agustus 1308) yang juga sering disebut sebagai Santa Salib Klara adalah seorang biarawati Agustinus.[1] Ia lahir di Montefalco, Umbria sekitar tahun 1268.[1] Ayah Klara membuat sebuah pertapaan di dalam kota, di mana Joan, salah satu saudara Klara dan Andreola, teman Klara hidup sebagai Tertiari Fransiskan.[2] Pada tahun 1274, ketika Klara berusia sekitar 6 tahun, Uskup dari Spoleto mengizinkan Joan untuk men...

 

منتخب تشيكوسلوفاكيا لكرة القدم

منتخب تشيكوسلوفاكيا لكرة القدم معلومات عامة بلد الرياضة  تشيكوسلوفاكيا الفئة كرة القدم للرجال  رمز الفيفا TCH تاريخ التأسيس 1920  الاتحاد اتحاد تشيكوسلوفاكيا لكرة القدم كونفدرالية يويفا (أوروبا) الطاقم واللاعبون الهداف أنتونين بوتش (34) الأكثر مشاركة زدينيك نيهودا (90)...

 

Anna dari Bretagne

AnnaAdipati Wanita BretagneBerkuasa9 September 1488 – 9 Januari 1514PendahuluFrañsez IIPenerusClaudePermaisuri PrancisKedudukan tetap6 Desember 1491 – 7 April 1498 8 Januari 1499 – 9 Januari 1514Penobatan8 Februari 1492Informasi pribadiWangsaDreux-MontfortAyahFrañsez II dari BretagneIbuMargaret dari FoixPasanganMaximilian I, Kaisar Romawi SuciCharles VIII dari Prancis Louis XII dari PrancisAnakCharles OrlandClaude, Ratu PrancisRenée, Adipati Wanita Ferrara Anna, Adipati Wanita Bretag...

Theocritus

3rd-century BC Greek poet This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (February 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) TheocritusBornc. 300 BCSyracuseDiedafter 260 BCOccupationPoetGenrePastoral, epic Theocritus (/θiːˈɒkrɪtəs/; Greek: Θεόκριτος, Theokritos; born c. 300 BC, died after 260 BC) was a Greek poet from Sicily, M...

 

Olahraga di Korea Utara

Pin Taekwondo di Korea Utara Korea Utara berpartisipasi dalam olahraga tradisional dan olahraga barat. Arirang Salah satu pertunjukkan senam massal di Stadion Rungrado May Day Sebuah acara olahraga populer di Korea Utara dihelat pada Festival Arirang, yang diadakan di Stadion May Day Rungnado di Pyongyang pada 15 April setiap tahun, dalam perayaan lahir dari Kim il-Sung . Daya tarik utama dari Arirang adalah senam massal layar, kinerja besar yang menampilkan puluhan ribu pemain, termasuk pema...

 

Takako Shirai (volleyball)

Japanese volleyball player Takako ShiraiPersonal informationBorn18 July 1952Okayama, Okayama, JapanHeight1.80 m (5 ft 11 in)Volleyball informationPositionOutside hitterNumber8 (1972)5 (1976)National team 1970-1977 Japan Honours Women’s volleyball Representing  Japan Olympic Games 1972 Munich Team 1976 Montreal Team World Championship 1974 Mexico Team FIVB World Cup 1977 Japan Team Takako Shirai (白井貴子 Shirai Takako, Korean: 윤정순, Hanja: 尹貞順, born 1...

Anatoly Stepanov Stadium

Stadium in Tolyatti, Russia Anatoly Stepanov Stadiumspeeway track, TolyattiLocationUlitsa Rodiny, 40, Tolyatti, Samara Oblast, Russia 445020Coordinates53°30′00″N 49°23′26″E / 53.50000°N 49.39056°E / 53.50000; 49.39056Capacity15,000Opened1963Length(353 metres) 0.353 km The Anatoly Stepanov Stadium formerly the Stroitel Stadium is a 15,000-capacity Motorcycle speedway and Ice speedway in Tolyatti, Russia.[1] It is the home track of the Russian speedwa...

 

Caves of St. Louis

Complex of natural caves in Missouri, USA Watercolor painting by Anna Maria von Phul, A View of a Cave, 2 Miles from St. Louis, Missouri Territory, 1818 The Caves of St. Louis have been important in the economic development of St. Louis, Missouri, United States. The city was built upon a complex of natural caves which were once used for the lagering of beer by early German immigrant brewers. Caves are naturally cool, which was especially attractive to brewers before the advent of refrigeratio...

 

2016 ICC Women's World Twenty20

For the men's tournament taking place at the same time, see 2016 ICC World Twenty20. 2016 ICC Women's World Twenty20Dates15 March – 3 April 2016Administrator(s)International Cricket CouncilCricket formatWomen's Twenty20 InternationalTournament format(s)Group stage and knockoutHost(s) IndiaChampions West Indies (1st title)Runners-up AustraliaParticipants10Matches23Player of the series Stafanie TaylorMost runs Stafanie Taylor (246)Most wickets Leigh Kasperek Sophie Devine Dean...

美国众议院

此條目需要补充更多来源。 (2021年7月4日)请协助補充多方面可靠来源以改善这篇条目，无法查证的内容可能會因為异议提出而被移除。致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：美国众议院 — 网页、新闻、书籍、学术、图像），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（判定指引）。 美國眾議院 United States House of Representatives第118届美国国会众议院徽章 众议院旗...

 

List of educational institutions in Kasaragod district

Central University, Kasaragod The following institutions are located in Kasaragod district in the Indian state of Kerala: Primary schools: 411 Secondary schools: 116 Colleges: 40 University: 1 Universities Central University of Kerala Organisations Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) was established in 1970 as one of the agricultural research institutes in the National Agricultural Research System (NARS) under the Indian Cou...

 

Jonathan Himebauch

American football player and coach (born 1975) American football player Jonathan HimebauchArlington RenegadesPosition:Offensive line coachPersonal informationBorn: (1975-08-13) August 13, 1975 (age 48)Greenwich, Connecticut, U.S.Height:6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)Weight:295 lb (134 kg)Career informationCollege:USCUndrafted:1998Career history As a player: Arizona Cardinals (1998)* Rhein Fire (1999) Kansas City Chiefs (1999)* Toronto Argonauts (1999) Los Angeles Xtreme (2001...

جغرافيا الصومال

جغرافيا الصومالمعلومات عامةالبلد الصومال القارة إفريقيا الحدود جيبوتيإثيوبياكينيا الأرض والتضاريسالمساحة 637٬657 كم² أعلى نقطة شيمبريس أدنى نقطة المحيط الهندي تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات The نهر جوبا الصومال دولة تقع في شرق قارة إفريقية على منطقة ما يعرف باسم الق...

 

Amanah Wali 7: Menukar Takdir

Amanah Wali 7: Menukar TakdirGenre Drama Religi Komedi PembuatMNC PicturesSkenarioSri RejekiCerita Novia Faizal[a] Mudakir Rifai[b] SutradaraYogi YosePemeran Apoy Faank Tomy Ovie Epy Kusnandar Penggubah lagu temaWaliLagu pembukaQodarullah oleh WaliLagu penutupQodarullah oleh WaliPenata musikJoseph S. DjafarNegara asalIndonesiaBahasa asliBahasa IndonesiaJmlh. musim7Jmlh. episode45ProduksiProduser eksekutif Filriady Kusmara Kamil Wahyudi Mudakir Rifai Produser Maulana Adh...

 

دوري الدرجة الأولى الروماني 1936–37

دوري الدرجة الأولى الروماني 1936–37 تفاصيل الموسم دوري الدرجة الأولى الروماني  النسخة 25  البلد رومانيا  التاريخ بداية:23 أغسطس 1936  نهاية:13 يونيو 1937  المنظم اتحاد رومانيا لكرة القدم  البطل فينوس بوخارست  مباريات ملعوبة 132   عدد المشاركين 12   دوري الدرجة ال...

1986 FA Cup final

Association football championship match between Liverpool and Everton, held in 1986 This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (January 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message) For the women's event, see 1986 WFA Cup final. Football match1986 FA Cup FinalThe match programme coverEvent1985–86 FA Cup Liverpool Everton 3 1 Date10 May 1986VenueWemb...

 

Rashid Bakr (politician)

For the jazz musician, see Rashid Bakr (musician). Vice President of Sudan (1976–1977) Rashid Bakr El Rashid El Tahir Bakr (24 June 1933[1] – 11 March 1988)[2] was born in the Karkoj Blue Nile region of Sudan. In 1958 he graduated from the Khartoum University Law Faculty.[3] He was Vice President of Sudan and Prime Minister of Sudan from 11 August 1976 until 10 September 1977. He was the chairman of the legislature from 1974 to 1977 and from 1980 to 1981.[4...

 

Oklahoma!

Musical by Rodgers and Hammerstein For the 1955 film adaptation, see Oklahoma! (1955 film). For other uses, see Oklahoma (disambiguation). Oklahoma!Original Broadway poster (1943)MusicRichard RodgersLyricsOscar Hammerstein IIBookOscar Hammerstein IIBasisGreen Grow the Lilacsby Lynn RiggsProductions1943 Broadway1947 West End1951 Broadway revival1979 Broadway revival1980 West End revival1998 West End revival2002 Broadway revival2003 US tour2010 UK tour2015 UK tour2019 Broadway revival2021 US to...

Orange County Blue Stars

Orange County Blue StarNama lengkapOrange County Blue StarJulukanThe OC, Blue StarBerdiri1997StadionConcordia UniversityIrvine, California(Kapasitas: ????)Pemilik Jon SpencerManajer Jon SpencerLigaUSL Premier Development League20098, Barat Dayatidak lolos qualifikasi [[Perlengkapan pemain (sepak bola)|]] kandang [[Perlengkapan pemain (sepak bola)|]] tandang Orange County Blue Star adalah klub sepak bola yang berbasis di Irvine, California, Amerika Serikat. Didirikan tahun 1997 mengikuti ...

 

Brattea

Involucro di brattee dell'infiorescenza a capolino della pratolina. Non è un calice in quanto il capolino non è un fiore ma un insieme di fiori, ognuno con il suo proprio calice. In botanica la bràttea (o ipsofillo) è una foglia modificata[1] che accompagna fiori o infiorescenze. Se di piccole dimensioni viene definita bratteola. Indice 1 Descrizione 2 Galleria d'immagini 3 Note 4 Voci correlate 5 Altri progetti 6 Collegamenti esterni Descrizione Dalla attaccatura ascellare della ...