Grand Prince Uian

Yi Hwa
Grand Prince of Joseon (posthumously)
Count of Joseon
Duke of Joseon[1]
Reign1392–1408
Coronation1392
BornYi Hwa
1348
Hwaju, Ssangseong Prefecture, Yuan dynasty
(now Kumya County, South Hamgyong Province, North Korea)
Died6 October 1408 (aged 60/1)
Hanseong-bu, Joseon
Burial
??
Pyeongnae-dong, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi Province
SpouseLady An
Lady No
Issue7 sons and 1 daughter
HouseYi
FatherYi Cha-ch'un
MotherLady Kim Koŭmga
ReligionBuddhism, later Korean Confucianism
Korean name
Hangul
의안대군
Hanja
Revised RomanizationUian Daegun
McCune–ReischauerŬian Taegun
Art name
Hangul
이요정
Hanja
Revised RomanizationYiyojeong
McCune–ReischauerIyoch'ŏng
Birth name
Hangul
이화
Hanja
Revised RomanizationYi Hwa
McCune–ReischauerI Hwa
Posthumous name
Hangul
양소
Hanja
Revised RomanizationYangso
McCune–ReischauerYangso

Yi Hwa (1348–1408) or Grand Prince Uian, was a warrior and scholar in the late Goryeo period who became part of the early Joseon dynasty royal family as the fourth son of Yi Cha-ch'un,[1] making him a younger half-brother to Yi Sŏng-gye, its founder.

Biography

He served as an assistant commander to his older half-brother, Yi Sŏng-gye, then after he founded the Joseon dynasty[citation needed] in 1392, Yi Hwa was honoured as Count Uian (의안백; 義安伯)[2] and after helped his half nephew, Yi Pang-wŏn in defeated in the 1st rebellion, Uian become Jeongsagongsin (정사공신).[3]

Later in 1400, during the 2nd Princes Strife, Yi went out again under the command from Yi Pang-wŏn. Uian, along with Yi Suk-bŏn (이숙번; formally called Prince Anseong, 안성군) and Yi Paek-gang (이백강; formally called Prince Cheongpyeong, 청평군) were got the target[4] and succeeded in defeated Yi Bang-gan (이방간; formally called Grand Prince Hoean, 회안대군) and Yi Maeng-jong (이맹종; formally called Prince Uiryeong, 의령군), then he was promoted to Jwamyeonggongsin (좌명공신; 佐命功臣)[5] along with 47 others.[6]

From all of his successions include in defeated Chŏng Mong-ju with Yi Pang-wŏn, Yi Hwa then became the richest nobleman in the Early Joseon period and often got promoted until passed the 4 positions in military. Although he had title, such like: "Count Uian" and "Duke Uian", but after Yi Pang-wŏn (a.k.a. Taejong) reorganized the royal titles system and abolished the 5 Deungjak (오등작), Yi Hwa then was elevated to Grand Prince Uian (의안대군; 義安大君). According to the old tradition that an illegitimate child (especially son) couldn't had the same rank like the legitimate one, Yi Hwa became the one who was actually the illegitimate heir of Hwanjo whom his rank was elevated and same like Hwanjo's legitimate heir for seeing about his contributions in helped Yi Sŏng-gye established the new dynasty.[7]

Family

  • Wives and children(s):
  1. Grand Lady of Samhan State of the Sunheung An clan (삼한국대부인 순흥 안씨)[8]
    1. Yi Chi-sung, Prince Suncheon (이지숭 순천군, d. 1419)[9] – 1st son.
  2. Grand Lady of Samhan State of the Gyoha No clan (삼한국대부인 교하 노씨)
    1. Yi Suk, Prince Wancheon (이숙 완천군, 1373–1406) – 2nd son.
    2. Yi Ching, Prince Hakcheon (이징 학천군, 1375–1435)[10] – 3rd son.
    3. Yi T'am, Prince Yeongcheon (이담 영천군, b. 1379) – 4th son.
    4. Yi Hyo, Prince Jeoncheon (이효 전천군, d. 1446)[11] – 5th son.
    5. Yi Hoe, Prince Heungcheon (이회 흥천군, b. 1381) – 6th son.
    6. Yi Chŏm, Prince Ikcheon (이점 익천군, d. 1433) – 7th son.
    7. Lady Yi (부인 이씨)[12] – 1st daughter.
  3. Mae-Hwa (매화)[13] – No issue.

Others

Ranks and titles

  • Ranks:[14]
    • In 1398, became Jeongsagongsin rank 1 (정사공신 1등).
    • In 1400, became Jwamyeonggongsin rank 3 (좌명공신 3등).
    • In 5 July 1407, became Chief State Councillors (영의정).
  • Titles[14]
    • During his lifetime:
      • Count Uian (의안백; 義安伯) in 1392.[15]
      • Duke Uian (의안공; 義安公).[16]
      • Prince Uian (의안군; 義安君).[17]
    • After his death (along with Posthumous name):
      • Grand Prince Uian (의안대군; 義安大君).
      • Grand Prince of the Ui'an Mansion (의안부원대군; 義安府院大君).

Legacy

  • Yi Hwa Heritage Museum (이화 개국공신녹권, 李和 開國功臣錄券) – Became the National Treasure No. 232 on 15 October 1986; located in Jeongeup-si, South Korea.[18][19]
  • The Shrine of Grand Prince Uian (의안대군 사당) – Became the Namyangju National Treasure No. 4 on 10 April 1986; located in 151–4, Pyeongnae-dong, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.[20]

Descendants

Although his descendants had time to suffered a lot from their fate to just became a farmer until King Jeongjo of Joseon and King Sunjo of Joseon's reign, their lives be more better than before. It is said that in nowadays, almost of Yi Hwa's descendants live better now and have the nice home in Seoul City, South Korea.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b Yeong-gyu, Park (November 18, 2004). 한권으로읽는조선왕조실록 [Annals of the Joseon Dynasty in One Volume] (in Korean). University of Michigan, Midwestern United States: Ungjin Knowledge House, 웅진지식하우스. pp. 36, 78. ISBN 9788901047546.
  2. ^ "조선왕조실록". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  3. ^ "조선왕조실록". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  4. ^ "조선왕조실록". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  5. ^ "조선왕조실록". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  6. ^ "조선왕조실록". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  7. ^ a b "이성계 동생·아들·조카 후손, 서울 곳곳 '빌딩 부자'". Skyedaily (in Korean). Retrieved September 3, 2021.
  8. ^ The daughter of An Jong-Gi (안종기; 安宗奇)
  9. ^ "이지숭의 졸기". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  10. ^ "이징의 졸기". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  11. ^ Also known as Yi Gyo (이교; 李皎).이교의 졸기
  12. ^ Married firstly with King Amu of Goryeo (고려 아무왕; 高麗 王某王), but after his death she remarried again with Choe-Ju (최주; 崔宙). Appeared on Taejong Sillok - Article of the 16th days, 10th months, 12nd years of Taejong
  13. ^ Han-woo, Lee (July 17, 2017). 태종실록 재위3년: 새로운 해석, 예리한 통찰 [The 3rd year reign of King Taejong of Joseon's Annals: A New Interpretation, A Sharp Insight] (in Korean). ISBN 9788950971045.
  14. ^ a b "의안 대군 이화의 졸기". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty. Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  15. ^ "조선왕조실록". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty (in Chinese). Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  16. ^ "조선왕조실록". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty (in Korean). Retrieved June 4, 2021.
  17. ^ "조선왕조실록". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  18. ^ "국보 제232호". Korean Heritage Culture (in Korean). Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  19. ^ "이화 개국공신녹권(李和開國功臣錄券)". Encykorea (in Korean). Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  20. ^ "남양주시 평내동 의안대군 사당". Doosan Encyclopedia (in Korean). Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  21. ^ "[기타] kbs 대하드라마 태종 이방원 현재상황". eToLAND (in Korean). Retrieved September 4, 2021.
Preceded by Chief State Councillors of Joseon
5 July 1407 – 26 May 1408 		Succeeded by
Ha-Ryun
하륜