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Ghana Navy
Ghana Navy
Founded	29 July 1959 ; (65 years, 5 months)
Country	Ghana
Type	Navy
Role	Naval warfare
Part of	Ghana Armed Forces
GN HQ	Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana
Colors	Ultramarine, Iceberg and Blue-Gray
Engagements	First Liberian Civil War
Commanders
Chiefs of the Naval Staff	Vice Admiral Issah Yakubu
Insignia
Naval Ensign 1957−1964 ; 1966−present
Naval Ensign 1964−1966

The Ghana Navy (GN) is the naval warfare organizational military branch of the Ghanaian Armed Forces (GAF). The Ghanaian Navy, along with the Ghanaian Army (GA) and Ghanaian Air Force (GHF), make up the Ghanaian Armed Forces (GAF) which are controlled by the Ghanaian Ministry of Defence (MoD).

History

The nucleus of the Ghana Navy is the Gold Coast Naval Volunteer Force formed during World War II. It was established by the colonial British administration to conduct seaward patrols to ensure that the coastal waters of the colony were free from mines. Following Ghana's attainment of independent nationhood on 6 March 1957 from the UK, the country's military was reorganized and expanded to meet its new challenges. A new volunteer force was raised in June, 1959 with headquarters at Takoradi in the Western Region of Ghana. The men were drawn from the existing Gold Coast Regiment of Infantry. They were under the command of British Royal Navy officers on secondment. On 29 July 1959, the Ghana Navy was established by an Act of Parliament. The force had two divisions based at Takoradi and Accra respectively.^[1] On 1 May 1962, the British Navy formed the Royal Navy Element of the British Joint Services Training Team, thus changing the nature of its relationship with the Ghana Navy. The first Chief of the Naval Staff was Captain D. A. Foreman, a retired British Naval Officer. He was granted a Presidential Commission as a Ghana naval officer in the rank of commodore.^[2] In September 1961 Nkrumah terminated the employment of British officers in the armed forces: the first Ghanaian to become Chief of the Naval Staff was Rear Admiral David Animle Hansen, who was transferred from the Ghana army to head the navy. On September 14 1990, the GNS Achimota was hit by NPFL artillery while on a fact-finding mission near Monrovia. As a result, 2 Ghanaian sailors and 3 Nigerian nurses were killed, and the Ghanaian Air Force retaliated with airstrikes.^[3]

Organization

The Ghana Navy command structure consists of the Naval Headquarters at Burma Camp, Accra. There are three operational commands, the Western Naval Command at Sekondi, the Eastern Naval Command at Tema and The Naval Training Command at Nutekpor-Sogakope in the Volta Region.

Western Naval Command

The command comprises the following elements:^[1]

HQ Western Naval Command
Ghana Navy Fleet
The Naval Dockyard Complex
Ghana Navy Stores Depot
Naval Base, Sekondi – West Command
The Naval Trade Training School

Eastern Naval Command

The command comprises the following elements:^[1]

HQ Eastern Naval Command
Basic and Leadership Training School
Naval Base, Tema
Ghana Navy Band, Tema^[4]

Departments

The navy is organized into the following departments.^[1]

Operations
Administration
Training
Logistics (Supply)
Technical
Intelligence and
Research and Development

Roles

The Ghana Navy fulfills a broad range of roles. These include:^[1]

The monitoring, control and surveillance of fishing activities
Maritime Presence in the West African Waters and Naval Support in the Region and Crises Areas when requested
Surveillance, Effective Patrol and Control of Ghana's Territorial Waters and Economic Zone
Evacuation operations of Ghanaian and other nationals from troubled spots
Fighting and checking criminal activities such as piracy/armed robbery at sea, smuggling of illicit drugs, stowaways and dissident activities
Disaster and humanitarian relief operations, search and rescue, and other mercy missions at sea
Assisting civil authorities such as the Ghana Police, the Volta River Authority, the Electoral Commission, Ghana Ports and Harbours Authority

Equipment

Current active naval vessels

Snake-class patrol vessels

46.8m patrol vessels ordered from China's Poly Technologies subsidiary of China Poly Group Corporation in 2011 and delivered to GN (Ghana Navy) in October 2011. The boats were commissioned 21 February 2012.^[5]

Name	Pennant	Builder	Launched	Commissioned	Status
GNS Blika	P34	Qingdao Qianjin Shipyard, China	1 April 2011?	21 Feb 2012	Active
GNS Garinga	P35	Qingdao Qianjin Shipyard, China	1 April 2011?	21 Feb 2012	Active
GNS Chemle	P36	Qingdao Qianjin Shipyard, China	1 April 2011?	21 Feb 2012	Active
GNS Ehwor	P37	Qingdao Qianjin Shipyard, China	1 April 2011?	21 Feb 2012	Active

Balsam-class patrol ships

U. S. Coast Guard vessels. After serving the USCG for 57 years, Woodrush was decommissioned on March 2, 2001, and sold to GN (Ghana Navy) to serve as GNS Anzone P30.

Name	Pennant	Builder	Launched	Commissioned	Transferred	Status	ex
GNS Anzone (~shark)	P30	Marine Iron & Ship Builders	28 April 1944	22 September 1944	2001	Active	USCGC Woodrush (WLB-407)
GNS Bonsu (~whale)	P31	Marine Iron & Ship Builders	31 December 1943	26 July 1944	2001	Active	USCGC Sweetbrier (WLB-405)

Chamsuri-class patrol boat

Republic of Korea Navy vessels. Chamsuri means 'Sea Dolphin'.

Name	Pennant	Builder	Launched	Commissioned	Transferred	Status	ex
GNS Stephen Otu	P33	Korea Tacoma, Hyundai Heavy Industries, Hanjin Heavy Industries		July 1980	21 January 2011	Active	PKM 237

Albatros-class fast attack craft

German navy. Purchased in 2005 at $35 million for the two ships.

Name	Pennant	Builder	Launched	Commissioned	Transferred	Status	ex
GNS Sebo (~leopard)	P27	Fr Lurssen Werft GmbH & Co	19 September 1979	2 May 1980	2010	Active
GNS Dzata (~lion)	P31	Fr Lurssen Werft GmbH & Co	19 September 1979	4 December 1979	2010	Active

Warrior-class/Gepard-class fast attack craft

German navy S74 Nerz and S77 Dachs. Purchased at $37 million for the two ships.^[6]

Name	Class	Type	Pennant	Builder	Launched	Commissioned	Transferred	Status	ex
GNS Yaa Asantewaa	Gepard-class	Fast attack craft		Fr Lurssen Werft GmbH & Co		14 July 1983	31 July 2012^[7]	Active
GNS Naa Gbewaa	Gepard-class	Fast attack craft		Fr Lurssen Werft GmbH & Co		22 March 1984	31 July 2012^[7]	Active

River Class

Name	Pennant	Type	Builder	Launched	Commissioned	Transferred	Status
GNS Pra		offshore patrol vessel	Penguin Ship Yard		22 February 2022		Active ^[8]^[9]
GNS Densu		offshore patrol vessel	Penguin Ship Yard		22 February 2022		Active^[8]^[9]
GNS Volta		offshore patrol vessel	Penguin Ship Yard		22 February 2022		Active^[8]^[9]
GNS Ankobra		offshore patrol vessel	Penguin Ship Yard		22 February 2022		Active^[8]^[9]

USCG Defender-class boat

U. S. Coast Guard. In 2008, the Ghana Navy acquired three such boats from the US Navy. They were handed over to the GN Western Naval Command in Sekondi-Takoradi. On 13 March 2010, presented four additional boats.

Others

GNS Achimota (P28) – Flagship of the Ghana Navy. German built FPB 57-class patrol ship (Launched: 14 March 1979, commissioned: 27 March 1981)
GNS Yogaga (P29) – German-built FPB 57-class patrol ship (1979)
GNS David Hansen – Named after David Animle Hansen, first Ghanaian Chief of Staff of the Ghana Navy. A single 20 m-long ex-US Navy PB Mk III inshore patrol craft that was built in the 1970s and transferred to Ghana in 2001.
NAVDOCK 1 – Ghana's first indigenous landing craft.^[10]
On 10 December 2010, the Ghana Navy received six new speedboats with complete accessories from Ghana Red Cross to facilitate its rescue mission in the country. The accessories included six Yamaha outboard motors, life jackets, life lines, first aid equipment and maintenance tools.

Past naval vessels

The initial fleet of the navy consisted of two Ham-class minesweepers, GNS Yogaga and GNS Afadzato. They were recommissioned on 31 October 1959. They were joined by four T43-class minesweepers from the Soviet Union between 1961 and 1964, three Komar-class missile boats between 1967 and 1970 and one more in 1980, and two Yurka-class minesweepers in 1981–82.^[11] In 1965, a frigate was ordered by the government of President Nkrumah, intended to also serve as the presidential yacht. The warship was laid down by Yarrow Shipbuilders in Scotland under the name Black Star, but when Nkrumah was deposed in a coup in the following year, the project was cancelled. The ship was eventually bought by the Royal Navy, commissioned as HMS MERMAID, and then sold to Malaysia as the KD Hang Tuah.^[12]

Future plans

The Ghanaian Defence Minister, Lieutenant General J. H. Smith, announced in June 2010 that over 10 ships would be acquired as part of a short-term plan to re-equip the navy, and defend Ghana's exclusive economic zone.

Rank structure

Officers

The GN officers in descending order of seniority:^[13]

Rank group	General / flag officers										Senior officers						Junior officers
Ghana Navy v t e
Ghana Navy v t e			Admiral		Vice admiral		Rear admiral		Commodore		Captain		Commander		Lieutenant commander		Lieutenant		Sub lieutenant

Ratings

The GN ratings in descending order of seniority:^[13]

Rank group	Senior NCOs																						Junior NCOs						Enlisted
Ghana Navy v t e																													No insignia						No insignia
Ghana Navy v t e									Chief petty officer		Petty officer first class						Petty officer second class						Leading seaman						Able seaman						Ordinary seaman

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Historical Background of The Ghana Navy". Ghana Armed Forces. Archived from the original on 2007-08-27. Retrieved 2007-06-11.
^ S. Addoe, General History of Ghana Armed Forces: a reference volume, 2005, pp.466-7
^ Adebajo, Adeyeke (2002). Liberia's Civil War: Nigeria, ECOMOG, and Regional Security in West Africa. Lynne Rienner. p. 79. ISBN 9781588260529.
^ Addae, S. Kojo (2005). A Short History of Ghana Armed Forces. Ministry of Defence of Ghana Armed Forces. ISBN 978-9988-8335-1-0.
^ Navy to secure country's maritime boundariesGovernment Of Ghana
^ Germany delivers two of its decommissioned FACs to the Armed Forces of Ghana Archived September 15, 2014, at the Wayback Machine. Germanydefence
^ ^a ^b Ghana navy takes delivery of two German fast attack craft, maritime security
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "President Akufo-Addo commissions naval patrol vessels". GBCGhanaonline. 2022-02-25. Retrieved 2024-12-12.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Ships". navyonline.mil.gh. Retrieved 2024-12-12.
^ "Akufo-Addo Commissions 5 Navy, Oil Vessels". Daily Guide Network. 2023-09-10. Retrieved 2024-12-27.
^ "The Security Services" (PDF). National Reconciliation Commission Report Volume 4 Chapter 1. Ghana government. October 2004. pp. 3 & 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 16, 2006. Retrieved 2007-06-11.
^ Marriott, Leo (1990). Royal Navy Frigates since 1945, Second Edition. London: Ian Allan Ltd. p. 102. ISBN 0-7110-1915-0.
^ ^a ^b "Ghana – Republic of Ghana Navy". The International Encyclopedia of Uniform Insignia around the world. WORLD INSIGNIA COLLECTORS UNION. Retrieved 2007-06-11.