George Parshall

George W. Parshall
George Parshall in late 1980
Born(1929-09-19)September 19, 1929
Hackensack, Minnesota
DiedJuly 28, 2019(2019-07-28) (aged 89)
Milford, Delaware, United States
NationalityAmerican
Alma materUniversity of Minnesota, University of Illinois
Known fororganometallic chemistry and homogeneous catalysis
AwardsAmerican Institute of Chemists Gold Medal (1995)
Scientific career
FieldsOrganometallic Chemistry
InstitutionsDuPont Central Research
Thesis (1963)
Doctoral advisorReynold C. Fuson
Signature

George W. Parshall (September 19, 1929 – July 28, 2019) was an American organometallic chemist who made notable contributions to homogeneous catalysis. He was a senior scientist at E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company for many years.[1]

Personal and educational background

Born in Hackensack, Minnesota, Parshall received a Bachelor of Science degree with highest distinction from the University of Minnesota in 1951. He received his Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry from the University of Illinois in 1954 under the direction of Reynold C. Fuson. In 1954, he joined Central Research Department at du Pont Experimental Station, where he rose to Director of Chemical Sciences. He took two industrial sabbaticals, one at Imperial College London in 1960-61 and another at University of Oxford in 1986. He was a visiting Ipatieff Lecturer at Northwestern University of the fall of 1994. Parshall is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the New York Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences, Phi Beta Kappa, Phi Lambda Upsilon and Sigma Xi.

Parshall is a member of the Guild of Scholars of The Episcopal Church. He married Naomi B. Simpson on October 9, 1954.

Professional career and technical contributions

Parshall was a senior manager at du Pont during an era of rapid development and commercialization of organometallic chemistry and homogeneous catalysis.[2] He directed the work of 50 to 100 DuPont scientists, including that of Fred Tebbe[3] and Richard Schrock. The activation of carbon-hydrogen bonds was a recurring theme of his own research.[4][5][6][7] He conducted research on the use of molten salts in catalysis[8][9] and initiated work on organolanthanide chemistry.[10] He conducted early studies related to nitrogen fixation.[11] He was most closely associated with the DuPont processes for making critical polymer intermediates used in producing nylon and polyester and spandex. Parshall coauthored a textbook on “Homogeneous Catalysis” with Steven Ittel.[12] Parshall also directed the development of alternatives to the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) used in refrigerators and air conditioners.

The Parshall organometallic subgroup in late 1980. Standing Jeffery S. Thompson, Frederick N. Tebbe, Thomas H. Tulip, Patricia L Watson, Karin J. Karel, David L. Thorn and Wilson Tam. Seated: Steven D. Ittel, George W. Parshall, Donnie J Sam

When Parshall retired from DuPont in 1992, he joined the effort to destroy chemical weapon stockpiles in the United States and across the world. As a member of the National Research Council’s “Stockpile Committee,” he has played a role in advising the U.S. Army in its ongoing effort to safely destroy chemical weapons.[13] The Chemical Weapons Convention called for the destruction of these chemicals, which generally fell into three types.

References

  1. ^ "George W. Parshall Obituary (1929 - 2019) the News Journal". Legacy.com.
  2. ^ Making pharmaceuticals via homogeneous catalysis. Part 1, Parshall, George W.; Nugent, William A., CHEMTECH (1988), 18(3), 184-90.
  3. ^ Olefin homologation with titanium methylene compounds, Tebbe, F. N.; Parshall, G. W.; Reddy, G. S. Journal of the American Chemical Society (1978), 100(11), 3611-13.
  4. ^ σ-Alkyl and -aryl complexes of the group 4-7 transition metals, Schrock, R. R.; Parshall, G. W. Chemical Reviews (Washington, DC, United States) (1976), 76(2), 243-68.
  5. ^ Homogeneous catalytic activation of carbon-hydrogen bonds, Parshall, George W. Accounts of Chemical Research (1975), 8(4), 113-17.
  6. ^ σ-Aryl compounds of nickel, palladium, and platinum. Synthesis and bonding studies, Parshall, G. W. Journal of the American Chemical Society (1974), 96, 2360-6.
  7. ^ Catalysis of aromatic hydrogen-deuterium exchange by metal hydrides, Barefield, E. Kent; Parshall, G. W.; Tebbe, F. N., Journal of the American Chemical Society (1970), 92, 5234-5.
  8. ^ Catalysis by dispersions of metal halides in molten trihalostannate (II) and trihalogermanate (II) salts, Parshall, George W. U.S. (1975), US 3919271 A 19751111.
  9. ^ Catalysis in molten salt media, Parshall, George W. Journal of the American Chemical Society (1972), 94(25), 8716-19.
  10. ^ Organolanthanides in catalysis, Watson, Patricia L.; Parshall, George W. Accounts of Chemical Research (1985), 18(2), 51-6.
  11. ^ Bioinorganic chemistry of dinitrogen fixation, Hardy, R. W. F.; Burns, R. C.; Parshall, G. W. Inorg. Biochem. 1973, volume 2, 745-93.
  12. ^ Homogeneous Catalysis, 2nd Edition. The Applications and Chemistry of Catalysis by Soluble Transition Metal Complexes by Parshall, George W.; Ittel, Steven D. Wiley Interscience (1992), 342 pp.
  13. ^ Impact of scientific developments on the Chemical Weapons Convention (IUPAC Technical Report), Parshall, George W.; Pearson, Graham S.; Inch, Thomas D.; Becker, Edwin D.; IUPAC Commission, Pure and Applied Chemistry (2002), 74(12), 2323-2352.