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The Right Honourable
The Earl of Essex
FSA
The Right Honourable The Earl of Essex FSA
	Portrait of the Earl of Essex from the studio of Sir Thomas Lawrence
Lord Lieutenant of Herefordshire
	In office; 1802–1817
Preceded by	The Viscount Bateman
Succeeded by	The Lord Somers
Member of Parliament; for Radnor
	In office; 1794–1799
Preceded by	David Murray
Succeeded by	Richard Price
Member of Parliament; for Okehampton
	In office; 1785–1790 Serving with Humphrey Minchin
Preceded by	John Luxmoore; Thomas Wiggens
Succeeded by	John Hayes St Leger; Robert Ladbroke
Member of Parliament; for Lostwithiel
	In office; 1781–1784 Serving with George Johnstone
Preceded by	Hon. Thomas de Grey; George Johnstone
Succeeded by	John Sinclair; John Thomas Ellis
Member of Parliament; for Westminster
	In office; 1779–1780 Serving with Lord Thomas Pelham-Clinton
Preceded by	Lord Thomas Pelham-Clinton; Viscount Petersham
Succeeded by	Sir George Brydges Rodney, Bt; Charles James Fox
Personal details
Born	George Capell; 13 November 1757; Watford, Hertfordshire
Died	23 April 1839 (aged 81); Watford, Hertfordshire
Nationality	British
Spouses	; Sarah Bazett; (m. 1786; died 1838) ; Catherine Stephens; (m. 1838)
Relations	Thomas Bladen Capel (half-brother)
Parent(s)	William Capell, 4th Earl of Essex; Frances Hanbury-Williams
Known for	Commissioned the redesign of Cassiobury House

George Capel-Coningsby, 5th Earl of Essex FSA (13 November 1757 – 23 April 1839) was an English aristocrat and politician, and styled Viscount Malden until 1799. His surname was Capell until 1781.

Early life

George Capell was the eldest son and heir of William Anne Capell, 4th Earl of Essex (1732–1799), from his first marriage to Frances Hanbury-Williams. After his mother's death from childbirth in 1759, his father remarried to Harriet Bladen (a daughter of Thomas Bladen of Glastonbury Abbey). From his father's second marriage, he was the elder half-brother of William Robert Capel and Admiral Thomas Bladen Capel of the Royal Navy and one of Horatio Nelson's Band of Brothers.^[1]

His paternal grandparents were William Capell, 3rd Earl of Essex and Lady Elizabeth Russell (a daughter of Wriothesley Russell, 2nd Duke of Bedford). His mother was the daughter of Charles Hanbury Williams and Lady Francis Coningsby (a daughter of Thomas Coningsby, 1st Earl Coningsby).^[1]

Career

George Capell was educated at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, receiving his MA in 1777. In 1781 he took the additional name of Coningsby on succeeding to the Hampton Court, Herefordshire estate of his grandmother, Lady Francis Hanbury-Williams, née Coningsby.^[2] He later (1810) sold the estate to John Arkwright, the grandson of the inventor and industrialist Richard Arkwright.^[3]

He was one of the two members of parliament for Westminster from 1779 to 1780, a member for Lostwithiel from 1781 to 1784, for Okehampton from 1785 to 1790, and for Radnor from 1794 to 1799.^[2]

On 4 March 1799 Capel-Coningsby succeeded his father as 5th Earl of Essex. He served as Recorder and High Steward of Leominster in 1802, and as Lord Lieutenant of Herefordshire from 1802 to 1817. He became a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in 1801, and received an honorary D.C.L. from Oxford University in 1810.^[2]

Upon his succession to the title of Earl of Essex, he set about a major reconstruction of the family seat, Cassiobury House in Watford, Hertfordshire, engaging the services of the architect James Wyatt and landscape designer Humphrey Repton to develop the house and grounds.^[4]

Essex was noted as a major patron of the arts and was responsible for building up a large fine art collection at Cassiobury.^[5] An obituary of Essex in 1839 records that "his Lordship has richly embellished his house at Cassiobury, as well as his town mansion in Belgrave Square, with numerous choice works of our native painters", and that he had entertained a number of noted British artists of the day at Cassiobury and commissioned works from them, including J. M. W. Turner, Augustus Pugin, John Callcott Horsley, David Wilkie and Edwin Henry Landseer.^[6]

Estates

Lord Malden inherited the Earl of Ranelagh estates from his mother, including extensive lands in Ireland in Co. Roscommon (the town of Roscommon and surrounding townlands) Co. Meath (mostly around the Navan area) and Co Dublin (in the Swords area).^[7]

Personal life

George Capel-Coningsby was twice married.^[8] His first marriage was on 6 June 1786, as her second husband, to Sarah Bazett. Sarah, a widow of Edward Stephenson, was the daughter of Henry William Bazett of Saint Helena and Clarissa Penelope Pritchard. Sarah was a talented and prolific artist, known as "Sarah, Viscountess Malden", and from 1799 as "Sarah, Countess of Essex",^[9] who specialised in making watercolour copies of old portraits and other paintings, and her surviving copies in many instances are the only evidence of the now lost originals. George outlived Sarah, who died in 1838.^[1]

After Sarah's death, on 14 April 1838 Essex married the opera singer Kitty Stephens, a daughter of Edward Stephens.^[1]

Lord Essex died on 23 April 1839 at Cassiobury, aged 81, and was buried at Watford,^[2] leaving behind his operatic widow, Kitty Stephens, who was now the Countess Dowager.^[10] Because he had no son of his own, his Earldom and estates passed to a nephew, Arthur Algernon Capell, the eldest son of his half-brother John Thomas Capell.^[1]^[11]

Illegitimate daughter

He had an illegitimate daughter, Harriet (1808–1837), who married Richard Ford (d. 1858) of Heavitree, Devon.^[12] The Earl erected a mural monument to Harriet in the Essex Chapel of St Mary's Church, Watford.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Essex, Earl of (E, 1661)". www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Capell [Capel-Coningsby], George, Viscount Malden (CPL775G)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
^ Historic England. "Hampton Court (1403731)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 13 October 2018.
^ Robinson, John (2014). Felling the ancient oaks : how England lost its great country estates. [S.l.]: Aurum Pr Ltd. p. 55. ISBN 9781781313343.
^ "The Cassiobury Collection". Watford Museum. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
^ "Obituary: The Earl of Essex". The Gentleman's Magazine. 165–166: 652. June 1839. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
^ Hertfordshire archives and Local studies
^ "Person Page". www.thepeerage.com. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
^ Bridgeman Art Library
^ "Miscellaneous". The Spectator. 12: 387. 27 April 1839. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
^ "Arthur Algernon Capell, 6th Earl of Essex". The Peerage. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
^ "Person Page". www.thepeerage.com. Retrieved 4 August 2021.

External links

Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by Lord Thomas Pelham-Clinton Viscount Petersham	Member of Parliament for Westminster 1779–1780 With: Lord Thomas Pelham-Clinton	Succeeded by Sir George Brydges Rodney, Bt Charles James Fox
Preceded by Hon. Thomas de Grey George Johnstone	Member of Parliament for Lostwithiel 1781–1784 With: George Johnstone	Succeeded by John Sinclair John Thomas Ellis
Preceded by John Luxmoore Thomas Wiggens	Member of Parliament for Okehampton 1785–1790 With: Humphrey Minchin	Succeeded by John Hayes St Leger Robert Ladbroke
Preceded by David Murray	Member of Parliament for Radnor 1794–1799	Succeeded by Richard Price
Honorary titles
Preceded by The Viscount Bateman	Lord Lieutenant of Herefordshire 1802–1817	Succeeded by The Lord Somers
Peerage of England
Preceded by William Capell	Earl of Essex 1799–1839	Succeeded by Arthur Algernon Capell