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Gastrolobium
	Gastrolobium celsianum (Swan River pea)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Faboideae
Clade:	Mirbelioids
Genus:	Gastrolobium; R.Br. (1811)
Type species
	Gastrolobium bilobum; R.Br.
Groups and species
	See text
Synonyms
	Brachysema R.Br. (1811); Cryptosema Meisn. (1848); Cupulanthus Hutch. (1964); Jansonia Kippist (1847); Nemcia Domin (1923); Pontania Lem. (1844);

Gastrolobium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.

A significant number of the species accumulate monofluoroacetate (the key ingredient of the poison known commonly as 1080), which caused introduced/non native animal deaths from the 1840s in Western Australia. The controversy over the cause of the stock poisoning in that time involved the botanist James Drummond in a series of tests to ascertain the cause of the poisoning, which was determined to be caused primarily by the plants York Road poison (G. calycinum) and Champion Bay poison (G. oxylobioides).^[2]^[3]

In the 1930s and 1940s C.A. Gardner and H.W. Bennetts identified other species in Western Australia, leading to the publication of The Toxic Plants of Western Australia in 1956.^[4]

The base chromosome number of Gastrolobium is 2n = 16.^[5]

Species

Gastrolobium comprises the following species:^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]

Gastrolobium bilobum Group

Gastrolobium acrocaroli G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium bilobum R.Br.—Heart-leaved poison
Gastrolobium brevipes Crisp-Hill Wallflower Poison
Gastrolobium callistachys Meisn.—Rock poison^{[Note 1]}
Gastrolobium congestum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium cuneatum Henfry—River poison
Gastrolobium grandiflorum F.Muell.—Wallflower poison
Gastrolobium graniticum (S.Moore) Crisp—Granite poison^{[Note 2]}
Gastrolobium involutum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium semiteres G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium stenophyllum Turcz.—Phillips River poison, Narrow-leaved poison
Gastrolobium tergiversum G. Chandler & Crisp

Gastrolobium parviflorum Subgroup

Gastrolobium discolor G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
Gastrolobium melanocarpum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium musaceum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium parviflorum (Benth.) Crisp—Box poison
Gastrolobium tetragonophyllum (E.Pritz.) Crisp—Brother-brother

Gastrolobium calycinum Group

Gastrolobium appressum C.A.Gardner—Scaleleaf poison
Gastrolobium calycinum Benth.—York Road poison
Gastrolobium hamulosum Meisn.—Hook Point poison^{[Note 3]}
Gastrolobium oxylobioides Benth.—Champion Bay poison
Gastrolobium racemosum (Turcz.) Crisp—Net-leaved poison
Gastrolobium reflexum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium rigidum (C.A.Gardner) Crisp—Rigid leaf poison^{[Note 4]}
Gastrolobium spectabile (Endl.) Crisp—Roe's poison
Gastrolobium tenue G. Chandler & Crisp

Gastrolobium celsianum Group

Gastrolobium bracteolosum (F. Muell.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium celsianum (Lem.) G. Chandler & Crisp—Swan River pea
Gastrolobium formosum (Kippist ex Lindl.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium leakeanum Drumm.—Mountain pea
Gastrolobium luteifolium (Domin) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium melanopetalum (F. Muell.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium minus (Crisp) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium modestum (Crisp) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium mondurup G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium papilio (Crisp) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium praemorsum (Meisn.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium rubrum (Crisp) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium sericeum (Sm.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium subcordatum (Benth.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium vestitum (Domin) G. Chandler & Crisp

Gastrolobium cruciatum Group

Gastrolobium cruciatum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium epacridoides Meisn.
Gastrolobium punctatum (Turcz.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium reticulatum (Meisn.) Benth.

Gastrolobium floribundum Group

Gastrolobium crassifolium Benth.—Thick-leaved poison
Gastrolobium diabolophyllum G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
Gastrolobium floribundum S.Moore—Wodjil poison
Gastrolobium glaucum C.A.Gardner—Spike poison^{[Note 5]}
Gastrolobium hians G.Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium laytonii Jean White—Breelya, Kite-leaved poison
Gastrolobium microcarpum (Meisn.) Benth.—Sandplain poison
Gastrolobium parvifolium Benth.—Berry poison
Gastrolobium polystachyum Meisn.—Horned poison, Hill River poison
Gastrolobium propinquum C.A.Gardner—Hutt River poison
Gastrolobium pycnostachyum Benth.—Mount Ragged poison, Round-leaved poison^{[Note 6]}
Gastrolobium velutinum Lindl. & Paxton—White gum poison, Stirling Range poison

Gastrolobium heterophyllum Group

Gastrolobium heterophyllum (Turcz.) Crisp—Slender poison
Gastrolobium nutans G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium pusillum Crisp & P.H. Weston

Gastrolobium retusum Group

Gastrolobium acutum Benth.
Gastrolobium alternifolium G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium capitatum (Benth.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium crispatum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium dorrienii (Domin) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium ebracteolatum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium effusum (M.D. Crisp & F.H. Mollemans) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium linearifolium G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium nervosum (Meisn.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium retusum Lindl.
Gastrolobium stipulare Meisn.
Gastrolobium whicherensis G. Chandler & Crisp

Gastrolobium spinosum Group

Gastrolobium aculeatum G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
Gastrolobium euryphyllum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium spinosum Benth.—Prickly poison
- var. grandiflorum C.Gardner
- var. spinosum Benth.
- var. triangulare Benth.
- var. trilobum S. Moore
Gastrolobium triangulare (Benth.) Domin
Gastrolobium trilobum Benth.—Bullock poison
Gastrolobium wonganensis G. Chandler & Crisp

Gastrolobium villosum Group

Gastrolobium densifolium C.A.Gardner—Mallet poison
Gastrolobium glabratum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium ovalifolium Henfr.—Runner poison
Gastrolobium rotundifolium Meisn.—Gilbernine poison
Gastrolobium tomentosum C.A.Gardner—Woolly poison^{[Note 7]}
Gastrolobium villosum Benth.—Crinkle-leaved poison

Incertae Sedis

Gastrolobium axillare Meisn.
Gastrolobium cyanophyllum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium dilatatum (Benth.) G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium elegans G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium ferrugineum G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
Gastrolobium humile G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium lehmannii Meisn.—Cranbrook pea
Gastrolobium nudum G. Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium venulosum G. Chandler & Crisp

Species names with uncertain taxonomic status

The status of the following species is unresolved:^[6]^[9]^[10]

Gastrolobium boormani Maiden & Betche
Gastrolobium compactum C.A. Gardner
Gastrolobium elachistum F.Muell.
Gastrolobium henfreyi Lem.
Gastrolobium huegelii Henfr.
Gastrolobium makoyanum Heynh.
Gastrolobium revolutum Crisp
Gastrolobium scorsifolium F.Muell.
Gastrolobium splendens Heynh.
Gastrolobium velutinum Lindl. ex J. Paxton
Gastrolobium verticillatum Heynh.
Gastrolobium whicherense G.Chandler & Crisp
Gastrolobium wonganense G.Chandler & Crisp

Notes

^ Gastrolobium callistachys was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia, but is not currently. See FloraBase.
^ Gastrolobium graniticum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia. See FloraBase.
^ Gastrolobium hamulosum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia. See FloraBase.
^ Gastrolobium rigidum was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia, but is not currently. See FloraBase.
^ Gastrolobium glaucum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia. See FloraBase.
^ Gastrolobium pycnostachyum is a Priority 2 species. See FloraBase.
^ Gastrolobium tomentosum was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia, but is not currently. See FloraBase.