Galesville is located at 38°50'35" north, 76°32'37" west (38.8431707 -76.5435702),[4] along the western shore of the West River, an arm of the Chesapeake Bay. By road it is approximately 14 miles (23 km) south of Annapolis, the state capital.
The area was an early center of Quaker settlement in America[6] and, through the West River Friends meeting, it is considered the birthplace of organized Quakerism in Maryland. The town was once the terminus of a steamship line connecting to Annapolis and Baltimore. Once a thriving community of Chesapeake Bay watermen and their families, the town has developed an industry around pleasure boating.