Fratelia

Fratelia
Újtesöld (Hungarian)
Neutischold (German)
District of Timișoara
Fratelia Roman Catholic Church
Fratelia Roman Catholic Church
Map
Coordinates: 45°43′19.64″N 21°12′55.76″E / 45.7221222°N 21.2154889°E / 45.7221222; 21.2154889
CountryRomania
CountyTimiș
CityTimișoara
Area
[1]
 • Total
2.31 km2 (0.89 sq mi)

Fratelia (Hungarian: Újkissoda, also Újtesöld; German: Neukischoda, also Neutischold),[2] known until 1925 as Chișoda Nouă,[3] is a district in southern Timișoara. Fratelia was in the past divided into two areas: Fratelia A, located towards Calea Șagului and Fratelia B, located towards Calea Martirilor.

History

On the current location of Fratelia were discovered houses and ceramics characteristic of the early Neolithic (Vinča culture).[4] A Bronze Age cremation necropolis with about 200 graves has also been unearthed nearby.[5] Some of the funerary urns are on display today in the Museum of Banat.

In the early 1900s, the land on which Fratelia stands today was empty; much of it belonged to Kende family.[6] The Kendes owned a brickyard. They parceled out the land and gave their workers the opportunity to buy affordable land to build their houses.[6] Soon, a series of houses with gardens of flowers, fruits and vegetables appeared. The first street called Alleegasse (present-day Bujorilor Street) appeared also at that time.[6] At first the settlement was called Kendetelep (in Hungarian, telep means "settlement").[6] In addition to brickyard workers, people from neighboring villages who worked in Timișoara built houses here. Later, the Kendes donated land for the construction of a town hall, a school, a church and a cemetery.[6] In 1919, the new settlement was named Chișoda Nouă and became a commune with its own administration.[6] In 1930 it had 7,688 inhabitants, of which 3,388 Hungarians, 3,160 Germans and 867 Romanians.[7] The first attempts to annex the village to Timișoara were between the two world wars, when the tram line was built. It became the 6th constituency of Timișoara only in 1948.[6] The brick factory, once owned by the Kendes, disappeared in the 1980s when the current thermal power plant was built.[8]

References

  1. ^ Rieser, Hans-Heinrich (1992). Temeswar: geographische Beschreibung der Banater Hauptstadt. Sigmaringen: Thorbecke. p. 101. ISBN 3-7995-2501-7.
  2. ^ "Fratelia". Erdély, Bánság és Partium történeti és közigazgatási helységnévtára. Arcanum.
  3. ^ "LEGE nr. 95 din 13 iunie 1925 pentru Unificarea Administrativă". Portal Legislativ.
  4. ^ Drașovean, Florin (1989). "Observații pe marginea unor materiale inedite privind raporturile dintre culturile Starčevo-Criș, Vinča A și lumea liniară în nordul Banatului". Apulum (26): 9–48.
  5. ^ Munteanu-Dumitriu, Luminița (1988). Itinerarii arheologice bănățene. Bucharest: Editura Sport-Turism. p. 30.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g von Schuster, Else (1996). Ein Rundgang durch Temeswar. ADZ-Verlag. ISBN 9789739754132.
  7. ^ Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-1992" (PDF). A Kulturális Innovációs Alapítvány Könyvtára. p. 2.
  8. ^ Ilieșiu, Nicolae; Ilieșu, Petru (2018). Timișoara - Istoria unui oraș european. Vol. I. Biblioteca Virtuală Banat. p. 114.