Florence Mendheim

Florence Mendheim
Born(1899-01-13)January 13, 1899
Illinois
DiedAugust 1984
New York
NationalityAmerican
OccupationLibrarian

Florence Mendheim (January 13, 1899 – August 1984)[1] was a New York Public Library branch librarian notable for her undercover surveillance of American Nazi groups in the pre-World War II 1930s. She was the daughter of German-Jewish immigrants and an observant Jew who practiced kosher dietary laws. Her personal papers, including documentation of her spy activities, are housed in the archives of the Leo Baeck Institute in New York.

Life and career

Born in Illinois, one of three children of German-Jewish immigrants Bettie and Max Mendheim,[2] she attended Washington Irving High School in New York City and completed New York Public Library training in 1918. She worked in various NYPL branch locations over the next twenty-five years, receiving both a bronze and a silver service medal in recognition of her years of employment. Correspondence from library administrators and supervisors[3] indicate Ms. Mendheim had chronic health problems that led to her early retirement in the late 1940s, although little is known of her personal life. She also served as secretary of the Committee for Arab-Jewish Understanding,[4] an organization attempting to negotiate compromise regarding the situation in Palestine in the late 1930s and 1940s. Mendheim's archives contain evidence of her literary aspirations as well, in the form of numerous manuscripts for articles, plays, poems, and stories.[5][6] She was unmarried, and her papers were donated by her younger brother Arthur following her death at age 85.

Undercover work

Mendheim's surveillance activities began in 1933 (or shortly after), with the establishment of the Nazi government in Germany and the formation of Nazi support organizations in New York. Her involvement was primarily with the group Friends of the New Germany and its successor organization the German American Bund. Under the assumed identity of Gertrude Mueller, Mendheim attended pro-Nazi meetings and rallies, and eventually accumulated a sizable collection of anti-Semitic propaganda produced locally, nationally, and abroad. According to archival documents,[7] Mendheim's purchases of Nazi propaganda and literature were reimbursed by Rabbi Jacob Xenab Cohen of the American Jewish Congress, to whom she submitted regular narrative reports of her activities. This collaboration may have been part of the American Jewish Congress' efforts to monitor anti-Semitic violence and to boycott Nazism in the U.S.[8] The records of Mendheim's undercover work, and perhaps the work itself, appears to have ceased by 1939.

See also

References

  1. ^ Ancestry.com. U.S., Social Security Death Index, 1935-2014 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2011.
  2. ^ "Florence Mendheim 1910 Census". FamilySearch. Mormon Church. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
  3. ^ "Florence Mendheim Collection; AR 25441"; box 9; folder 16; Leo Baeck Institute.
  4. ^ "Mendheim Family Papers; AR 25010"; box 3; folders 1-7; Leo Baeck Institute.
  5. ^ "Mendheim Family Papers; AR 25010"; box 5; folders 1-15; Leo Baeck Institute.
  6. ^ "Florence Mendheim Collection; AR 25441"; box 9; folder 23; Leo Baeck Institute.
  7. ^ "Florence Mendheim Collection; AR 25441"; box 9; folder 14; Leo Baeck Institute.
  8. ^ "Jews here to push boycott on Hitler", The New York Times, 21 August 1933 (pg. 2).

Further reading

  • John Roy Carlson, Under Cover. New York: E. P. Dutton. 1943.

Read other articles:

Katedral Telese

Katedral TeleseKatedral Salib SuciItalia: Cattedrale della Santa Crocecode: it is deprecated Katedral TeleseLokasiTeleseNegaraItaliaDenominasiGereja Katolik RomaArsitekturStatusKatedralStatus fungsionalDalam reruntuhanAdministrasiKeuskupanKeuskupan Cerreto Sannita-Telese-Sant'Agata de' Goti Katedral Telese (Italia: Duomo di Telesecode: it is deprecated ) yang bernama resmi Katedral Salib Suci adalah sebuah reruntuhan gereja katedral Katolik yang terletak di Telese, Campania, Italia. Katedral ...

 

 

Bouraq Indonesia Airlines

Bouraq Indonesia Airlines IATA ICAO Kode panggil BO BOU BOURAQ[1] Didirikan1970Berhenti beroperasi2005PenghubungBandar Udara Internasional Soekarno-HattaBandar Udara Sultan Aji Muhammad SulaimanBandar Udara Internasional JuandaAnak perusahaanBali AirArmada70Tujuan10+Kantor pusatJakarta, IndonesiaTokoh utamaAlbert Sumendap (pemilik) Bouraq Indonesia Airlines sering disingkat menjadi Bouraq Airlines atau hanya Bouraq adalah maskapai penerbangan swasta Indonesia yang pernah beroperasi. M...

 

 

Awan antarbintang

Bagian kecil dari nebula emisi NGC 6357. Bagian ini bersinar dengan karakteristik merah daerah H II.[1] Awan antar bintang adalah nama umum yang diberikan pada akumulasi gas, plasma dan debu di dalam sebuah galaksi. Awan antarbintang adalah daerah yang kerapatannya di atas rata-rata kerapatan medium antarbintang. Bergantung pada kerapatan, ukuran dan suhu, hidrogen yang ada di dalamnya dapat berwujud netral (daerah H I), terionisasi (daerah H II) dalam bentuk plasma, atau molekul (awa...

Andrea Sedláčková

Andrea SedláčkováAndrea Sedláčková in 2014Lahir22 Juli 1967 (umur 56)Praha, CekoslowakiaPekerjaanSutradaraPenyuntingTahun aktif1999-sekarang Andrea Sedláčková (lahir 22 Juli 1967) adalah seorang sutradara, penyunting dan penulis naskah asal Ceko. Film tahun 2000 buatannya Victims and Murderers masuk Festival Film Internasional Moskwa ke-23.[1] Filmografi terpilih Our Happy Lives (1999) Victims and Murderers (2000) Une hirondelle a fait le printemps (2001) Malabar P...

 

 

Doa Rosario

Untuk nama suatu kota, lihat Rosario, Argentina. Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: Doa Rosario – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTORGaya atau nada penulisan artikel ini tidak mengikuti gaya dan nada penulisan ensiklopedis y...

 

 

Heinz Kessler

Jenderal Angkatan DaratHeinz KesslerArmeegeneral Heinz Kessler pada 1988 Menteri Pertahanan NasionalJerman TimurMasa jabatan3 Desember 1985 – 18 November 1989PresidenErich HoneckerPerdana MenteriWilli StophHans Modrow PendahuluHeinz HoffmannPenggantiTheodor Hoffmann Informasi pribadiLahir(1920-01-26)26 Januari 1920Lauban, Provisi Silesia Hilir, Jerman WeimarMeninggal2 Mei 2017(2017-05-02) (umur 97)Berlin, JermanPartai politikPartai Komunis Jerman (sejak 2009)Afiliasi politikla...

Repubblica presidenziale

     Repubblica parlamentare      Repubblica presidenziale      Sistemi dove l'esecutivo viene eletto dal parlamento, ma non dipende da esso (Repubblica direttoriale oppure Repubblica presidenziale mista)      Repubblica semipresidenziale      Monarchia parlamentare      Monarchia costituzionale      Monarchia assoluta &...

 

 

Naqada culture

Archaeological culture of pre-dynastic Egypt For other uses, see Naqada (disambiguation). Naqada cultureExtent of Naqada I cultureGeographical rangeEgyptPeriodNeolithicDatesc. 4000–3000 BCType siteNaqadaPreceded byBadarian cultureFollowed byProtodynastic Period ChalcolithicEneolithic, Aeneolithic,or Copper Age ↑ Stone Age ↑ Neolithic By regionAfrica (2600 BC–1600 AD) Naqada culture, Gerzeh culture, A-Group culture, C-Group culture, Kerma culture West Asia (6000–3500 BC) Ghassu...

 

 

コルク

この記事は検証可能な参考文献や出典が全く示されていないか、不十分です。出典を追加して記事の信頼性向上にご協力ください。（このテンプレートの使い方）出典検索?: コルク – ニュース · 書籍 · スカラー · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ジャパンサーチ · TWL（2017年4月） コルクを打ち抜いて作った瓶の栓 コルク（木栓、�...

First Cevallos expedition

First Cevallos expeditionPart of the Fantastic War and the Anglo-Spanish WarA painting of the Anglo-Portuguese bombardment of Colonia del SacramentoDate3 September 1762 – 24 April 1763LocationSouth AmericaResult Spanish victoryBelligerents Spain Portugal  Great Britain Commanders and leaders Antonio de Cevallos Vicente da Silva Robert McNamara † Strength 1 frigate 1 merchantman 3 dispatch boats 12 gunboats 15 troopships 2,700 soldiers 1 ship of the line 2 frigates 2 troopsh...

 

 

Liverpool F.C. Women

Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang klub sepak bola wanita di Inggris. Untuk klub sepak bola pria, lihat Liverpool FC. Liverpool FC WomenNama lengkapLiverpool Football Club WomenJulukanThe Reds' LadiesBerdiri1989; 35 tahun lalu (1989), sebagai Newton Ladies F.C.StadionPrenton Park(Kapasitas: 16.587)CEOBilly HoganManajerMatt BeardLigaFA Super League2022–2023ke-7Situs webSitus web resmi klub Kostum kandang Kostum tandang Kostum ketiga Liverpool Football Club Women adalah klub sepak b...

 

 

土库曼斯坦总统

土库曼斯坦总统土库曼斯坦国徽土库曼斯坦总统旗現任谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫自2022年3月19日官邸阿什哈巴德总统府（Oguzkhan Presidential Palace）機關所在地阿什哈巴德任命者直接选举任期7年，可连选连任首任萨帕尔穆拉特·尼亚佐夫设立1991年10月27日 土库曼斯坦土库曼斯坦政府与政治 国家政府 土库曼斯坦宪法 国旗 国徽 国歌 立法機關（英语：National Council of Turkmenistan） ...

California meridionale

California meridionale Stati Stati Uniti Superficie146 350 km² Abitanti24 122 237 (2018) In rosso le contee facenti parte della California meridionale La California meridionale (Southern California in inglese, talvolta abbreviato in SoCal) è una regione statunitense corrispondente alla parte meridionale della California; costituisce una delle undici megaregioni degli Stati Uniti. Indice 1 Geografia 2 Demografia 3 Paesaggio urbano 4 Luoghi naturali 5 Intrattenim...

 

 

アプリケーションソフトウェア

「アプリケーション」はこの項目へ転送されています。英語の意味については「wikt:応用」、「wikt:application」をご覧ください。 この記事には複数の問題があります。改善やノートページでの議論にご協力ください。 出典がまったく示されていないか不十分です。内容に関する文献や情報源が必要です。（2018年4月） 古い情報を更新する必要があります。（2021年3月）出...

 

 

Obama Station

Railway station in Obama, Fukui Prefecture, Japan Obama Station小浜駅Obama Station in July 2015General informationLocation1-1 Ekimae-chō, Obama City, Fukui Prefecture 917-0054JapanCoordinates35°29′31″N 135°44′43″E / 35.4919°N 135.7454°E / 35.4919; 135.7454Operated by JR WestLine(s)     Obama LineDistance49.5 km (30.8 mi) from TsurugaPlatforms1 side + 1 island platformTracks3Other informationStatusStaffed (Midori no Mad...

Omari Hardwick

Omari HardwickHardwick diwawancarai soal Power pada 2013LahirOmari Latif Hardwick[1]Tanggal tidak terbaca. Angka tahun harus memiliki 4 digit (gunakan awalan nol untuk tahun < 1000). (usia Kesalahan ekspresi: Operator < tak terduga)Savannah, Georgia, Amerika SerikatAlmamaterUniversitas GeorgiaPekerjaanPemeran, penyair, rapper, podcasterTahun aktif2001–kiniSuami/istriJennifer Pfautch ​(m. 2012)​Anak2 Omari Latif Hardwick (lahir 9 Januari 1974)...

 

 

Lucile Watson

Canadian actress (1879–1962) This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (March 2017) Lucile WatsonWatson in 1953Born(1879-05-27)May 27, 1879Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaDiedJune 24, 1962(1962-06-24) (aged 83)New York City, U.S.OccupationActressYears active1902–1954 Lucile Watson (May 27, 1879 – June 24, 1962) was a Canadian actre...

 

 

Alessandra Ferri

Michail Baryšnikov e Alessandra Ferri Alessandra Maria Ferri (Milano, 6 maggio 1963) è una ballerina italiana. Alessandra Ferri è stata prima ballerina del Royal Ballet (1983-1985) e dell'American Ballet Theatre (1985-2007) e prima ballerina assoluta del Teatro alla Scala.[1] Nel corso della sua lunga carriera ha vinto due Premi Laurence Olivier, un Prix Benois de la Danse, ha ballato come ospite con molte delle maggiori compagnie al mondo e ha danzato accanto ad alcuni dei maggior...

Goiabeira, Minas Gerais

Human settlement in Brazil Location of Goiabeira Goiabeira is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in the Southeast region of Brazil.[1] As of 2020, its estimated population is 3,378.[2] See also List of municipalities in Minas Gerais References ^ IBGE | Cidades | Minas Gerais | Goiabeira. cidades.ibge.gov.br. Retrieved 2016-05-02. ^ IBGE 2020 External links Official website vte Municipalities of Minas GeraisCapital: Belo HorizonteIntermediate Geographic Region of Barba...

 

 

Sirius Satellite Radio

Satellite radio service owned by Sirius XM SIRIUS redirects here. For other uses, see Sirius (disambiguation). Sirius Satellite Radio Inc.Sirius Satellite Radio logo, used 2003–2008Company typeDivisionTraded asNasdaq: SIRIIndustryRadio broadcastingFoundedMay 17, 1990; 34 years ago (1990-05-17)FounderMartine RothblattDavid MargoleseRobert BriskmanDefunctJanuary 13, 2011 (2011-01-13)FateMerged with XM Satellite Radio in 2008, merged into Sirius XM Radio i...