Fiat G.12

Fiat G.12
Fiat G.12
Fiat G.12
Role Civil airliner & military transport
Manufacturer Fiat
Designer Giuseppe Gabrielli
First flight 15 October 1940
Introduction 1941
Retired 1956[1]
Primary users Regia Aeronautica
Luftwaffe
Royal Hungarian Air Force
Produced 1941-1944
Number built 104[2]

The Fiat G.12 was an Italian transport aircraft of World War II.

Design and development

The G.12 was an all-metal low-wing cantilever personnel transport aircraft. It had three radial engines, one mounted on the nose and the other two in wing-mounted nacelles. The engines drove three-blade feathering metal propellers. The mainwheels of its landing gear retracted into the nacelles; the tailwheel was fixed. The flight deck and cabin were fully enclosed. Access was via a portside access door aft of the wing.

The G.12 was designed as a civil aircraft, but served mainly in military roles during the war. Only a limited number were built, some as late as 1944, after the Italian armistice. The G.12 inspired the postwar G.212 "Flying Classroom", the last Italian three-engine transporter. It had a crew of four.

Variants

G.12C
14-passenger transport aircraft, powered by three 574 kW (770 hp) Fiat A.74 R.C.42 radial engines.
G.12 Gondar
Long-range cargo transport aircraft.
G.12GA
Long-range transport aircraft, fitted with extra fuel tanks. Three built.
G.12RT
Special long-range version, built to fly between Rome and Tokyo. One built.
G.12RTbis
One built.
G.12T
Troop and cargo transport aircraft.
G.12CA
18-passenger commercial airliner, powered by three Alfa Romeo 128 radial engines.
G.12L
22-passenger commercial airliner.
G.12LA
22-passenger commercial airliner, powered by three Alfa Romeo 128 radial engines.
G.12LB
22-passenger commercial airliner, powered by three 604 kW (810 hp) Bristol Pegasus 48 radial engines.
G.12LP
22-passenger commercial airliner, powered by three 793 kW (1,065 hp) Pratt & Whitney R-1830-S1C3-G Twin Wasp radial engines.

Operators

Military operators

 Germany
 Hungary
 Kingdom of Italy
 Italy

Civil operators

 Kingdom of Italy
 Italy

Specifications

Data from World Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft [5]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 4
  • Capacity: 14 troops or 24 civilians
  • Length: 20.1 m (65 ft 11 in)
  • Wingspan: 28.6 m (93 ft 10 in)
  • Height: 4.9 m (16 ft 1 in)
  • Wing area: 113 m2 (1,220 sq ft) [6]
  • Empty weight: 9,420 kg (20,768 lb) [6]
  • Gross weight: 15,000 kg (33,069 lb)
  • Powerplant: 3 × Fiat A.74 R.C.42 14-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engines, 574 kW (770 hp) each
  • Propellers: 3-bladed constant-speed propellers

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 390 km/h (240 mph, 210 kn) at 5,000 m (16,000 ft)
  • Cruise speed: 303 km/h (188 mph, 164 kn) [6]
  • Range: 2,300 km (1,400 mi, 1,200 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 8,500 m (27,900 ft)

Armament

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists

References

  1. ^ a b aeroflight
  2. ^ Fiat G.12
  3. ^ Stroud 1966, p. 417.
  4. ^ a b Stroud 1966, p. 418.
  5. ^ Angelucci 1981, p.349.
  6. ^ a b c Stroud 1994, p.68.

Bibliography

  • Angelucci, Enzo The World Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft. London:Jane's Publishing, 1981. ISBN 0-7106-0148-4.
  • Angelucci, Enzo The World Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft, London, 1987.
  • de Marchi, Italo (Oct 1982). "Les Fiat G. 12: 1re période: avant et pendant la guerre" [Fiat G. 12: The 1st Period before and during the War]. Le Fana de l'Aviation (in French) (155): 50–59. ISSN 0757-4169.
  • Stroud, John. European Transport Aircraft since 1910. London: Putnam, 1966.
  • Stroud, John. "Post War Propliners : Fiat G.12 and G.212". Aeroplane Monthly. Volume 23 No. 1, January 1994. London: IPC. Page 64-68.
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