Eunica
Genus of brush-footed butterflies
Eunica
Male Eunica mygdonia
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Lepidoptera
Family:
Nymphalidae
Tribe:
Epicaliini
Genus:
Eunica Hübner , [1819]
Type species
Papilio monima
Diversity
About 40 species
Synonyms
Amycla Doubleday, 1849 (non Rafinesque, 1815: preoccupied ) Callianira Doubleday, 1847 (non Péron & Lesueur, 1810: preoccupied) Eunice Geyer, 1832 (non Rafinesque, 1815: preoccupied) Evonyme Hübner, 1819 Faunia Poey, 1847 (non Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: preoccupied) Libythina Felder, 1861
Eunica nymphalid butterflies found in the Neotropical realm .
These butterflies have some eye-like spots on the wings. According to one research, there is an evolutionary tendency for decreasing of the number of spots.[ 1]
Species
E. concordia , Cristalino River, Southern Amazon, BrazilE. pusilla , Cristalino River, Southern Amazon, BrazilE. sophonisba , Jatun Sacha Biological Reserve, Puerto Misahuallí, EcuadorThe genus contains the following species, listed alphabetically:[ 2] [ 3] [ 4]
Eunica Chepkorir Rono (Doubleday, [1847]) Eunica alpais (Godart, [1824]) Eunica amelia (Cramer, [1777]) Eunica amycla (Godart, [1824]) Eunica anna (Cramer, 1780) Eunica araucana C. & R. Felder, 1862 Eunica bechina (Hewitson, 1852) Eunica brunnea Salvin, 1869 Eunica caelina (Godart, [1824]) Eunica caralis (Hewitson, 1857) Eunica carias (Hewitson, 1857) Eunica chlorochroa (Salvin, 1869) - Mira purplewingEunica clytia (Hewitson, 1852) Eunica concordia (Hewitson, 1852) – sandbar purplewingEunica cuvierii (Godart, [1819]) – Cuvier's purplewingEunica eburnea Fruhstorfer, 1907 Eunica elegans Salvin, 1869 Eunica eurota (Cramer, [1775]) Eunica evelide Bates, 1864 Eunica incognita Jenkins, 1990 Eunica ingens Seitz, 1915 Eunica interphasis Jenkins, 1990 Eunica heraclites Gundlach, 1881 Eunica macris (Godart, [1824]) Eunica maja (Fabricius, 1775) Eunica malvina Bates, 1864 – Malvina purplewingEunica margarita (Godart, [1824]) Eunica marsolia (Godart, [1824]) Eunica mira Godman & Salvin, 1877 Eunica monima (Stoll, [1782]) - dingy purplewingEunica mygdonia (Godart, [1824]) Eunica norica (Hewitson, 1852) – Norica purplewingEunica olympias C. & R. Felder, 1862 Eunica orphise (Cramer, [1775]) Eunica phasis C. & R. Felder, 1862 Eunica pomona (C. & R. Felder, [1867]) – rounded purplewingEunica pusilla Bates, 1864 - pusilla purplewingEunica sophonisba (Cramer, [1782]) – glorious purplewingEunica sydonia (Godart, [1824]) – Godart's purplewingEunica tatila (Herrich-Schaeffer, [1855]) – Florida purplewingEunica venusia (C. & R. Felder, 1867) Eunica veronica Bates, 1864 Eunica viola Bates, 1864 Eunica violetta Staudinger, [1885] Eunica volumna (Godart, [1824])
References
^ Garzón-Orduña, I.J., Silva-Brandão, K.L., Willmott, K., Freitas, A.V.L., Wahlberg, N. and Brower, A.V.Z. (2024), Wing pattern diversity in Eunica butterflies (Nymphalidae: Biblidinae): phylogenetic analysis implies decoupled adaptive trends in dorsal sexual dimorphism and ventral eyespot evolution. Cladistics, 40: 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12556
^ Epicaliini Archived 2011-07-23 at the Wayback Machine , Nymphalidae Study Group website^ "Eunica Hübner, [1819]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms ^ Identification Guide - Nymphalidae 1 , Butterflies of Amazonia
Jenkins, D. W. 1990. Neotropical Nymphalidae. VIII. Revision of Eunica . Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 131:1-175.
Lamas, G. (ed.) 2004. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera . (Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea to Papilionoidea). Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida.
External links
_purplewing_(Eunica_concordia).JPG)
.JPG)
