Erwin Jaenecke

Erwin Jaenecke
Born(1890-04-22)22 April 1890
Freren, German Empire
Died3 July 1960(1960-07-03) (aged 70)
Cologne, West Germany
Allegiance German Empire (to 1918)
 Weimar Republic (to 1933)
 Nazi Germany
Service / branch German Army
Years of service1911–45
Rank Generaloberst
CommandsIV. Armeekorps
17th Army
Battles / warsWorld War I
Spanish Civil War
World War II
AwardsKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross
Order of Michael the Brave

Erwin Jaenecke (22 April 1890 – 3 July 1960), was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded the 17th Army. Jaenecke fought in the Spanish Civil War as part of the Condor Legion On 26 April 1937, Jaenecke was involved in the Bombing of Guernica. After the bombing, he reported the operation as a success.

"In and of itself, Guernica was a complete success for the Luftwaffe."[1]

Jaenecke served on the Eastern Front as commander of the 389th Infantry Division and later the IV Army Corps. He was wounded at the Battle of Stalingrad and flown out as one of the last higher officers.[2]

In April 1943 he commanded the LXXXII Army Corps, and from 25 June the 17th Army in the Caucasus and later the Crimean Peninsula. In a 29 April 1944 meeting with Adolf Hitler in Berchtesgaden, Jaenecke insisted that Sevastopol should be evacuated. He was relieved of his command afterward.

Later, he was held responsible for the loss of Crimea, arrested in Romania and court-martialed. Heinz Guderian was appointed as a special investigator in the case. Guderian proceeded slowly and eventually Jaenecke was quietly acquitted in June 1944. Jaenecke was dismissed from the army on 31 January 1945. On 15 June 1945 he was arrested by the Soviet authorities and sentenced to 25 years of hard labor for war crimes committed under his army command in 1942. He was released in 1955.

Awards

References

Citations

  1. ^ "OHNE UNS - Zeitschrift zur Totalen Kriegsdienstverweigerung Online!". www.ohne-uns.de. Retrieved 2023-10-11.
  2. ^ Adam, Wilhelm; Ruhle, Otto (2015). With Paulus at Stalingrad. Translated by Tony Le Tissier. Pen and Sword Books Ltd. p. 189. ISBN 9781473833869.
  3. ^ Veit Scherzer [de], p. 416.

Bibliography

  • Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.

Media related to Erwin Jaenecke at Wikimedia Commons

Military offices
Preceded by
—
 Commander of 389. Infanterie-Division
1 February 1942 – 1 November 1942 		Succeeded by
Generalmajor Erich Magnus
Preceded by
General der Infanterie Viktor von Schwedler
 Commander of IV. Armeekorps
1 November 1942 - 17 January 1943 		Succeeded by
General der Artillerie Max Pfeffer
Preceded by
General der Infanterie Ernst Dehner
 Commander of LXXXII. Armeekorps
1 April 1943 - 1 June 1943 		Succeeded by
General der Infanterie Ernst Dehner
Preceded by Commander of 17. Armee
25 June 1943 – 1 March 1944 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Commander of 17. Armee
1 April 1944 – 28 April 1944 		Succeeded by

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