Elizabeth Barnard

Elizabeth Bernard
Portrait of Lady Bernard
Born	1608 Stratford-upon-Avon, England
Died	17 February 1670(1670-02-17) (aged 61) Abington, Northamptonshire, England
Spouses	Thomas Nash (m. 1626; died 1647) John Bernard (m. 1649)
Parents	John Hall Susanna Shakespeare

Elizabeth, Lady Bernard (née Hall, formerly Nash) (baptised 21 February 1608 – 17 February 1670) was the granddaughter of the English poet, playwright and actor William Shakespeare. Despite two marriages, she had no children, and was the last surviving descendant of Shakespeare.

Elizabeth was closely associated with the Royalist cause during the English Civil War. Both her husbands were dedicated supporters of Charles I.

Early life

Elizabeth Hall was born to Susanna Hall and Doctor John Hall. She was baptised in the Holy Trinity Church of Stratford-upon-Avon, England. She was the only grandchild William Shakespeare ever knew, because her three cousins were born after his death in 1616.

First marriage

Thomas Nash's coat of arms impaled with those of his wife, Elizabeth.

In 1626, Elizabeth Hall married Thomas Nash, who was a member of the Manor and Lordship of Shottery. Nash was an ardent Royalist, a supporter of Charles I and indeed a donor to the king's cause to the tune of £100.^[1] In July 1643 the queen Henrietta Maria stayed with the Nashes at New Place.

Thomas made his will on 25 August 1642, in which he left his house in Chapel Street and two meadows to Elizabeth. However, he left the bulk of his fortune to his cousin, Edward Nash. On 4 April 1647, Thomas died, leaving Elizabeth a widow.

Second marriage

On 5 June 1649, eighteen months after her husband's death, Elizabeth married John Bernard (1604–74) of Abington, near Northampton. Bernard was a widower with several children. It is not known how they met, since he did not live near Stratford, but it was most likely through Elizabeth's Royalist connections. Like Nash, he had been a strong supporter of the Royalists in the Civil War. Five weeks after the marriage, Elizabeth's mother Susanna died. As a result, Elizabeth inherited the Shakespeare family property. The couple moved to Stratford, to live in New Place.^[2]

As a staunch Royalist, Bernard's social position improved dramatically after the Restoration in 1660. He was knighted on 25 September 1661,^[3] thus giving his wife the title Lady Bernard. They left Stratford to move into the Bernard family home in Abington. The couple had no children.^[2]

In February 1662, Judith Quiney died in Stratford-upon-Avon, making Elizabeth Bernard the last descendant of William Shakespeare. She wrote her will on 29 January 1669, which did not give much to her husband, Sir John Bernard. Elizabeth died at Abington, Northamptonshire on 17 February 1670. There is a memorial plaque in the Church of Saint Peter & Paul, Abington, where she is buried.^[2]

The family home of Sir John and Lady Bernard is now a museum, Abington Park Museum, and the grounds are now a park in the town of Northampton.

References

^ Halliwell-Phillipps, James Orchard (1885). Outlines of the Life of Shakespeare. London: Mssrs. Longmans, Green, and Co. pp. Volume II, p. 324. It may be mentioned that amongst "the names of such persons within the burrough of Stratford-upon-Avon who by way of laone have sent in money and plate to the King and Parliament," 24 Sept., 1642, is found as by far the largest contributor,—"Thomas Nashe esq^r., in plate or money paid in at Warr:, 100li."
^ ^a ^b ^c Joseph Quincy Adams, A Life of William Shakespeare, Wildside Press, 2007 (reprint from 1923), pp. 485–88.
^ William A. Shaw, The Knights of England (London, 1906) vol. II, p. 235.

External links

William Shakespeare's family tree

Direct ascendants and descendants of William Shakespeare are shown with a blue background

Shakespeare's siblings are shown with a red background

Anne Hathaway and ascendants are shown with a yellow background

People related to Shakespeare only through marriage are shown with a green background

Relations whose identity is not known are shown with a dashed border

Years given are usually approximate and typically reflect baptismal and burial years, rather than birth and death.

For remarriages, the number in parentheses after the name indicates the order of the marriages.

Richard
Shakespeare
(1490–before 1561)

(unknown)

Robert
Arden
(died 1556)

John
Shakespeare
(c. 1531–1601)

Mary
Arden
(c. 1537–1608)

(unknown) (1)

Richard
Hathaway
(–1581)

Joan
Hathaway (2)
(–1599)

Joan
(1558–1558)

Margaret
(1562–1563)

Gilbert
Shakespeare
(1566–1612)

Joan
Shakespeare
(1569–1646)

William
Shakespeare
(1564–1616)

Anne
Hathaway
(1555–1623)

Anne
(1571–1579)

Richard
(1574–1613)

Edmund
Shakespeare
(1580–1607)

John
Hall
(1575–1635)

Susanna
Hall
(1583–1649)

Judith
Quiney
(1585–1662)

Thomas
Quiney
(1589–1662)

Hamnet
Shakespeare
(1585–1596)

Thomas
Nash (1)
(1593–1647)

Elisabeth
Barnard
(1608–1670)

John
Barnard (2)
(1604–1674)

Shakespeare
Quiney
(1616–1617)

Richard
Quiney
(1618–1639)

Thomas
Quiney
(1620–1639)

Sources

Chambers, E. K. (1930). William Shakespeare: A Study of Facts and Problems. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. Vol. I 11–12, 18, Vol. II 8–9. OCLC 353406.
Schoenbaum, S. (1977). William Shakespeare: A Compact Documentary Life. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 292. ISBN 0195051610.

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