Carlebach is married to Rabbi Mordechai Jofen, the rosh yeshiva ("dean") of the Novardok yeshiva Beis Yosef in Brooklyn, New York City. She uses her maiden name professionally and her married name in her personal life.
Palaces of Time: Jewish Calendar and Culture in Early Modern Europe, (Belknap Press, 2011) ISBN-10: 0674052544
The Pursuit of Heresy :Rabbi Moses Hagiz and the Sabbatian Controversies, (Columbia University Press, 1990; 1994) ISBN0-231-07191-4
Divided Souls: Converts from Judaism in Germany, 1500-1750 Yale University Press, 2001 ISBN0-300-08410-2.[4] Finalist for the 2001-02 National Jewish Book Award[citation needed]
Co-editor, History and Memory: Jewish Perspectives, Brandeis/University Press of New England, 1998.
"Redemption and Persecution in the Eyes of R. Moses Hayim Luzzatto and his Circle", Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research, 54 (1987), 1-29.
"Converts and their Narratives in Early Modern Germany", Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook, 1995
"Rabbinic Circles on Messianic Pathways in the Post- Expulsion Era", Judaism: A Quarterly Journal, Special Symposium issue on the impact of the Spanish Expulsion, 41 (1992), pp. 208–216.
"Two Amens that Delayed the Redemption: Jewish Messianism and Popular Spirituality in the Post-Sabbatian Century", Jewish Quarterly Review, 82 (1992): 241-261.
"Sabbatianism and the Jewish-Christian Polemic", Proceedings of the Tenth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Division C, Vol. II: Jewish Thought and Literature (Jerusalem, 1990): 1-7.
^Berger, Joseph (December 10, 2009). "Yosef H. Yerushalmi, Scholar of Jewish History, Dies at 77." The New York Times. Refers to Carlebach as "Dr. Yerushalmi's successor as Salo Baron professor at Columbia."