Eglumetad

Eglumetad
Clinical data
Other namesEglumegad; LY354740
ATC code
  • none
Identifiers
  • (1S,2S,5R,6S)-2-Aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
ChemSpider
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC8H11NO4
Molar mass185.179 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=C(O)[C@H]1[C@]2([H])CC[C@](C(O)=O)(N)[C@@]21[H]
  • InChI=1S/C8H11NO4/c9-8(7(12)13)2-1-3-4(5(3)8)6(10)11/h3-5H,1-2,9H2,(H,10,11)(H,12,13)/t3-,4-,5-,8-/m0/s1 ☒N
  • Key:VTAARTQTOOYTES-RGDLXGNYSA-N ☒N
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Eglumetad (INN; also known as eglumegad) is a research drug developed by Eli Lilly and Company, which is being investigated for its potential in the treatment of anxiety[1] and drug addiction.[2] It is a glutamate derived compound and its mode of action implies a novel mechanism.[3]

Mechanism of action

Eglumetad in a mGlu2 receptor bound conformation

Eglumetad acts as a group-selective agonist for the group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR2/3).[4][5] It is unclear whether eglumetad directly interacts with dopamine D2 receptors.[6][7]

Effects

In experiments on mice, eglumetad was found to be as effective as diazepam for treating anxiety symptoms in several standard tests, but without producing any of the negative side effects of diazepam such as sedation and memory impairment.[8] Tests in humans confirmed that it produced anxiolytic effects without producing sedation.[9][10] However it did slightly reduce cognitive performance in tests on monkeys.[11]

Eglumetad has also been found to be effective in relieving the symptoms of withdrawal from chronic use of both nicotine[12] and morphine in animals,[13] as well as inhibiting the development of tolerance to morphine,[14] raising hope that this drug may be useful for treating drug addiction in humans.

Eglumetad and related drugs are neuroprotective[15] and are synergistic with the neuroprotection produced by N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) antagonist drugs,[16] which may make these drugs useful in aiding recovery from brain injury.

This class of drugs also interacts with hallucinogenic drugs, with eglumetad reducing the effects of 5HT2A agonist hallucinogens,[17] while conversely the mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 increased the behavioural effects of these drugs.[18] This suggests that mGluR2/3 agonists such as eglumetad may have potential uses in the treatment of some forms of psychosis, although eglumetad had only limited effects on the action of the dissociative drug phencyclidine[19] which is generally a better model for schizophrenia than the 5HT2A agonist hallucinogens.[20]

Eglumetad also interferes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, with chronic oral administration of this drug leading to markedly reduced baseline cortisol levels in bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata); acute infusion of eglumetad resulted in a marked diminution of yohimbine-induced stress response in those animals.[21]

In human adrenocortical cells, eglumetad has been shown to down-regulate intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) and steroidogenesis, with a significant decrease in aldosterone and cortisol production.[22]

Clinical development

Development of this drug and related compounds is continuing, with several clinical trials completed and more planned. Poor oral bioavailability of the original formulation led to limited efficacy in the initial human trials,[23] and so the prodrug form LY544344 (talaglumetad) did seem to be a more likely drug candidate for further development.[24][25][26][27] However a clinical trial of LY544344 was discontinued early based on findings of convulsions in preclinical studies.[28]

LY-544,344

See also

References

  1. ^ Pilc A (January 2003). "LY-354740 (Eli Lilly)". IDrugs. 6 (1): 66–71. PMID 12789623.
  2. ^ Kłodzińska A, Chojnacka-Wójcik E, Pałucha A, Brański P, Popik P, Pilc A (December 1999). "Potential anti-anxiety, anti-addictive effects of LY 354740, a selective group II glutamate metabotropic receptors agonist in animal models". Neuropharmacology. 38 (12): 1831–9. doi:10.1016/S0028-3908(99)00066-0. PMID 10608278. S2CID 23149472.
  3. ^ Monn JA, Valli MJ, Massey SM, Wright RA, Salhoff CR, Johnson BG, Howe T, Alt CA, Rhodes GA, Robey RL, Griffey KR, Tizzano JP, Kallman MJ, Helton DR, Schoepp DD (February 1997). "Design, synthesis, and pharmacological characterization of (+)-2-aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (LY354740): a potent, selective, and orally active group 2 metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist possessing anticonvulsant and anxiolytic properties". J. Med. Chem. 40 (4): 528–37. doi:10.1021/jm9606756. PMID 9046344.
  4. ^ Schoepp DD, Johnson BG, Wright RA, Salhoff CR, Mayne NG, Wu S, Cockerman SL, Burnett JP, Belegaje R, Bleakman D, Monn JA (January 1997). "LY354740 is a potent and highly selective group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist in cells expressing human glutamate receptors". Neuropharmacology. 36 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1016/S0028-3908(96)00160-8. PMID 9144636. S2CID 45878904.
  5. ^ Bond A, Monn JA, Lodge D (April 1997). "A novel orally active group 2 metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist: LY354740". NeuroReport. 8 (6): 1463–6. doi:10.1097/00001756-199704140-00027. PMID 9172154. S2CID 36222393.
  6. ^ Seeman P, Caruso C, Lasaga M (February 2008). "Dopamine partial agonist actions of the glutamate receptor agonists LY 354,740 and LY 379,268". Synapse. 62 (2): 154–8. doi:10.1002/syn.20482. hdl:11336/108389. PMID 18000815. S2CID 6958836.
  7. ^ Fell MJ, Perry KW, Falcone JF, Johnson BG, Barth VN, Rash KS, Lucaites VL, Threlkeld PG, Monn JA, McKinzie DL, Marek GJ, Svensson KA, Nelson DL (December 2009). "In vitro and in vivo evidence for a lack of interaction with dopamine D2 receptors by the metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor agonists 1S,2S,5R,6S-2-aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-bicaroxylate monohydrate (LY354740) and (−)-2-oxa-4-aminobicyclo[3.1.0] Hexane-4,6-dicarboxylic acid (LY379268)". J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 331 (3): 1126–36. doi:10.1124/jpet.109.160598. PMID 19755662. S2CID 23981819.
  8. ^ Helton DR, Tizzano JP, Monn JA, Schoepp DD, Kallman MJ (February 1998). "Anxiolytic and side-effect profile of LY354740: a potent, highly selective, orally active agonist for group II metabotropic glutamate receptors". J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 284 (2): 651–60. PMID 9454811.
  9. ^ Grillon C, Cordova J, Levine LR, Morgan CA (August 2003). "Anxiolytic effects of a novel group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist (LY354740) in the fear-potentiated startle paradigm in humans". Psychopharmacology. 168 (4): 446–54. doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1444-8. PMID 12709777. S2CID 32290461.
  10. ^ Schoepp DD, Wright RA, Levine LR, Gaydos B, Potter WZ (September 2003). "LY354740, an mGlu2/3 receptor agonist as a novel approach to treat anxiety/stress". Stress. 6 (3): 189–97. doi:10.1080/1025389031000146773. PMID 13129812. S2CID 23974589.
  11. ^ Spinelli S, Ballard T, Gatti-McArthur S, Richards GJ, Kapps M, Woltering T, Wichmann J, Stadler H, Feldon J, Pryce CR (April 2005). "Effects of the mGluR2/3 agonist LY354740 on computerized tasks of attention and working memory in marmoset monkeys" (PDF). Psychopharmacology. 179 (1): 292–302. doi:10.1007/s00213-004-2126-x. hdl:20.500.11850/33217. PMID 15678362. S2CID 9612277.
  12. ^ Helton DR, Tizzano JP, Monn JA, Schoepp DD, Kallman MJ (1997). "LY354740: a metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist which ameliorates symptoms of nicotine withdrawal in rats". Neuropharmacology. 36 (11–12): 1511–6. doi:10.1016/S0028-3908(97)00170-6. PMID 9517421. S2CID 37252442.
  13. ^ Vandergriff J, Rasmussen K (February 1999). "The selective mGlu2/3 receptor agonist LY354740 attenuates morphine-withdrawal-induced activation of locus coeruleus neurons and behavioral signs of morphine withdrawal". Neuropharmacology. 38 (2): 217–22. doi:10.1016/S0028-3908(98)00196-8. PMID 10218862. S2CID 41921622.
  14. ^ Popik P, Kozela E, Pilc A (July 2000). "Selective agonist of group II glutamate metabotropic receptors, LY354740, inhibits tolerance to analgesic effects of morphine in mice". Br. J. Pharmacol. 130 (6): 1425–31. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703438. PMC 1572198. PMID 10903986.
  15. ^ Kingston AE, O'Neill MJ, Lam A, Bales KR, Monn JA, Schoepp DD (July 1999). "Neuroprotection by metabotropic glutamate receptor glutamate receptor agonists: LY354740, LY379268 and LY389795". Eur. J. Pharmacol. 377 (2–3): 155–65. doi:10.1016/S0014-2999(99)00397-0. PMID 10456425.
  16. ^ Allen JW, Ivanova SA, Fan L, Espey MG, Basile AS, Faden AI (July 1999). "Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activation attenuates traumatic neuronal injury and improves neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury". J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 290 (1): 112–20. PMID 10381766.
  17. ^ Marek GJ, Wright RA, Schoepp DD, Monn JA, Aghajanian GK (January 2000). "Physiological antagonism between 5-hydroxytryptamine(2A) and group II metabotropic glutamate receptors in prefrontal cortex". J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 292 (1): 76–87. PMID 10604933.
  18. ^ Gewirtz JC, Marek GJ (November 2000). "Behavioral evidence for interactions between a hallucinogenic drug and group II metabotropic glutamate receptors". Neuropsychopharmacology. 23 (5): 569–76. doi:10.1016/S0893-133X(00)00136-6. PMID 11027922.
  19. ^ Schreiber R, Lowe D, Voerste A, De Vry J (January 2000). "LY354740 affects startle responding but not sensorimotor gating or discriminative effects of phencyclidine". Eur. J. Pharmacol. 388 (2): R3–4. doi:10.1016/S0014-2999(99)00844-4. PMID 10666513.
  20. ^ DD DD, Marek GJ (April 2002). "Preclinical pharmacology of mGlu2/3 receptor agonists: novel agents for schizophrenia?". Curr Drug Targets CNS Neurol Disord. 1 (2): 215–25. doi:10.2174/1568007024606177. PMID 12769628.
  21. ^ Coplan JD, Mathew SJ, Smith EL, Trost RC, Scharf BA, Martinez J, Gorman JM, Monn JA, Schoepp DD, Rosenblum LA (July 2001). "Effects of LY354740, a novel glutamatergic metabotropic agonist, on nonhuman primate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and noradrenergic function". CNS Spectr. 6 (7): 607–12, 617. doi:10.1017/S1092852900002157. PMID 15573025. S2CID 6029856.
  22. ^ Felizola SJA, Nakamura Y, Satoh F, Morimoto R, Kikuchi K, Nakamura T, Hozawa A, Wang L, Onodera Y, Ise K, McNamara KM, Midorikawa S, Suzuki S, Sasano H (January 2014). "Glutamate Receptors and the Regulation of Steroidogenesis in the Human Adrenal Gland: The Metabotropic Pathway". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 382 (1): 170–7. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2013.09.025. PMID 24080311. S2CID 3357749.
  23. ^ Bergink V, Westenberg HG (November 2005). "Metabotropic glutamate II receptor agonists in panic disorder: a double blind clinical trial with LY354740". Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 20 (6): 291–3. doi:10.1097/00004850-200511000-00001. PMID 16192835. S2CID 29298397.
  24. ^ Bueno AB, Collado I, de Dios A, Domínguez C, Martín JA, Martín LM, Martínez-Grau MA, Montero C, Pedregal C, Catlow J, Coffey DS, Clay MP, Dantzig AH, Lindstrom T, Monn JA, Jiang H, Schoepp DD, Stratford RE, Tabas LB, Tizzano JP, Wright RA, Herin MF (August 2005). "Dipeptides as effective prodrugs of the unnatural amino acid (+)-2-aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (LY354740), a selective group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist". J. Med. Chem. 48 (16): 5305–20. doi:10.1021/jm050235r. PMID 16078848.
  25. ^ Rorick-Kehn LM, Perkins EJ, Knitowski KM, Hart JC, Johnson BG, Schoepp DD, McKinzie DL (February 2006). "Improved bioavailability of the mGlu2/3 receptor agonist LY354740 using a prodrug strategy: in vivo pharmacology of LY544344". J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 316 (2): 905–13. doi:10.1124/jpet.105.091926. PMID 16223873. S2CID 1352829.
  26. ^ Danysz W (September 2005). "LY-544344. Eli Lilly". IDrugs. 8 (9): 755–62. PMID 16118698.
  27. ^ Perkins EJ, Abraham T (October 2007). "Pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and excretion of the intestinal peptide transporter 1 (SLC15A1)-targeted prodrug (1S,2S,5R,6S)-2-[(2'S)-(2-amino)propionyl]aminobicyclo[3.1.0.]hexen-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (LY544344) in rats and dogs: assessment of first-pass bioactivation and dose linearity". Drug Metab. Dispos. 35 (10): 1903–9. doi:10.1124/dmd.107.016154. PMID 17646281. S2CID 5639829.
  28. ^ Dunayevich E, Erickson J, Levine L, Landbloom R, Schoepp DD, Tollefson GD (June 2008). "Efficacy and tolerability of an mGlu2/3 agonist in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder". Neuropsychopharmacology. 33 (7): 1603–10. doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301531. PMID 17712352.

Read other articles:

Andrea Montermini

Andrea MonterminiMontermini pada tahun 2014Lahir30 Mei 1964 (umur 59)Sassuolo, ItaliaKarier Kejuaraan Dunia Formula SatuKebangsaan ItaliaTahun aktif1994–1996TimSimtek, Pacific, FortiJumlah lomba29 (20 start)Juara dunia0Menang0Podium0Total poin0Posisi pole0Lap tercepat0Lomba pertamaGrand Prix F1 Spanyol 1994Lomba terakhirGrand Prix F1 Jerman 1996 Andrea Montermini (lahir 30 Mei 1964)[1] merupakan seorang pembalap mobil profesional asal Italia. Ia sempat berkiprah di ajang Formul...

 

 

Boyd Holbrook

Artikel atau sebagian dari artikel ini mungkin diterjemahkan dari Boyd Holbrook di en.wikipedia.org. Isinya masih belum akurat, karena bagian yang diterjemahkan masih perlu diperhalus dan disempurnakan. Jika Anda menguasai bahasa aslinya, harap pertimbangkan untuk menelusuri referensinya dan menyempurnakan terjemahan ini. Anda juga dapat ikut bergotong royong pada ProyekWiki Perbaikan Terjemahan. (Pesan ini dapat dihapus jika terjemahan dirasa sudah cukup tepat. Lihat pula: panduan penerjemah...

 

 

Wu Chun

Ini adalah nama Tionghoa; marganya adalah Wu. Wu ChunWu Chun (kanan) pada 2008LahirGoh Kiat Chun (吴吉尊)10 Oktober 1979 (umur 44)Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei DarussalamKebangsaanBruneiAlmamaterUniversitas RMITPekerjaanPemeran, penyanyi, peraga busana, pengusahaTahun aktif2005–sekarangSuami/istriLin LiyingAnak2Karier musikGenreMandopopInstrumenDrum, perkusiLabelHIM International Music WOW Music Pony Canyon Fu Long ProductionArtis terkaitFahrenheit (2005–2011)Situs webwww.chunz...

.ir

Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: .ir – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR .ir adalah top-level domain kode negara Internet untuk Iran.[1] Referensi ^ Terms and Conditions (.ir), Appendix 1: Domain Rules – ایر...

 

 

Vanderbilt Commodores women's basketball

College basketball team Vanderbilt Commodores 2023–24 Vanderbilt Commodores women's basketball team UniversityVanderbilt UniversityHead coachShea Ralph (3rd season)ConferenceSECLocationNashville, TennesseeArenaMemorial Gymnasium (Capacity: 14,316)NicknameCommodoresColorsBlack and gold[1]   Uniforms Home Away Alternate NCAA tournament Final Four1993NCAA tournament Elite Eight1992, 1993, 1996, 2001, 2002NCAA tournament Sweet Sixteen1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994...

 

 

Синелобый амазон

Синелобый амазон Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:ЗавропсидыКласс:Пт�...

Hirudinidae

Hirudinidae TaksonomiKerajaanAnimaliaFilumAnnelidaKelasClitellataUpaordoGnathobdelliformesFamiliHirudinidae lbs Hirudinidae adalah sebuah famili lintah[1] yang terdiri dari 10 genus. Genus anggota Hirudo Hirudobdella Limnobdella Macrobdella Ornithobdella Oxyuptychus Philobdella Pintobdella Poecilobdella Richardsonianus Referensi ^ Bisby F.A.; Roskov Y.R.; Orrell T.M.; Nicolson D.; Paglinawan L.E.; Bailly N.; Kirk P.M.; Bourgoin T.; Baillargeon G.; Ouvrard D. (red.) (2011). Species 200...

 

 

George Gaylord Simpson

American paleontologist (1902–1984) George Gaylord SimpsonForMemRSSimpson in 1965Born(1902-06-16)June 16, 1902Chicago, IllinoisDiedOctober 6, 1984(1984-10-06) (aged 82)Tucson, ArizonaNationalityAmericanAlma materUniversity of ColoradoYale University, B.A., Ph.D.[1]Known forModern synthesis; quantum evolutionAwardsMary Clark Thompson Medal (1943)Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal (1944)Hayden Memorial Geological Award (1950)Penrose Medal (1952)Darwin-Wallace Medal (1958)Darwin...

 

 

Pulau Tomia

Pulau TomiaPeta lokasi Pulau TomiaNegaraIndonesiaGugus kepulauanTukang besiProvinsiSulawesi TenggaraKabupatenKabupaten WakatobiLuas115 km²[1]Populasi15.789 Pulau Tomia adalah salah satu pulau di gugusan kepulauan tukang besi wilayah Kabupaten Wakatobi, provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia. Pulau ini terletak di selatan Pulau Kaledupa dan di Utara pulau Binongko. Pulau-pulau sekitar Di sekitar pulau Tomia terdapat beberapa pulau kecil yang terdiri dari: Pulau Kaledupa Pulau Bino...

The Wonder (pub)

The Wonder The Wonder is a public house in Batley Road, Enfield, that has been under the management of McMullens since 1877.[1] It is registered as an Asset of Community Value (ACV) with the London Borough of Enfield,[2] one of only three in the borough alongside the Vicars Moor Lawn Tennis Club and The Fox public house in Palmers Green. The interior is on the London Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.[3] References ^ Wonder. McMullens. Retrieved 10 November 2018. ^ ...

 

 

List of actors in gay pornographic films

Six gay pornographic actors during the 2010 Blatino Erotica Awards This is a list of notable men who have appeared in gay pornographic films. Pornography has become more mainstream and as of 2009 was a $13 billion industry in the United States; globally consumers spent more than US$3000 on porn every second of every day, in 2009.[1] The gay market is estimated to be five to ten percent of the overall adult market.[2] Gay pornographic films trace their origins to the Athl...

 

 

2019 Kansas City Chiefs season

60th season in franchise history; third Super Bowl appearance and second win 2019 Kansas City Chiefs seasonChiefs 60th season logoOwnerThe Hunt familyGeneral managerBrett VeachHead coachAndy ReidHome fieldArrowhead StadiumResultsRecord12–4Division place1st AFC WestPlayoff finishWon Divisional Playoffs(vs. Texans) 51–31Won AFC Championship(vs. Titans) 35–24Won Super Bowl LIV(vs. 49ers) 31–20Pro Bowlers 6 Selected but did not participate due to participation in Super Bowl LIV:QB Pa...

大字 (数字)

この項目には、一部のコンピュータや閲覧ソフトで表示できない文字が含まれています（詳細）。 数字の大字（だいじ）は、漢数字の一種。通常用いる単純な字形の漢数字（小字）の代わりに同じ音の別の漢字を用いるものである。 概要 壱万円日本銀行券（「壱」が大字） 弐千円日本銀行券（「弐」が大字） 漢数字には「一」「二」「三」と続く小字と、「壱」「�...

 

 

2020年夏季奧林匹克運動會波蘭代表團

2020年夏季奥林匹克运动会波兰代表團波兰国旗IOC編碼POLNOC波蘭奧林匹克委員會網站olimpijski.pl（英文）（波兰文）2020年夏季奥林匹克运动会（東京）2021年7月23日至8月8日（受2019冠状病毒病疫情影响推迟，但仍保留原定名称）運動員206參賽項目24个大项旗手开幕式：帕维尔·科热尼奥夫斯基（游泳）和马娅·沃什乔夫斯卡（自行车）[1]闭幕式：卡罗利娜·纳亚（皮划艇）&#...

 

 

Macrozamia

Macrozamia Macrozamia communis Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Plantae Divisi: Cycadophyta Kelas: Cycadopsida Ordo: Cycadales Famili: Zamiaceae Genus: Macrozamia Miq. Spesies Lihat teks. Macrozamia ialah genus dari 38-40 spesies palem kerucut, dari keluarga Zamiaceae, tumbuhan endemik di Australia. Kebanyakan spesies ini hidup di Queensland tenggara dan New South Wales, Australia timur, dengan 1 spesies di Pegunungan Macdonnell, Teritorial Utara dan 3 di Australia Barat bagian selatan. Nama umu...

Deliv

Former American same-day delivery company Deliv Inc.Company typePrivateIndustryPackage deliveryFounded2012; 12 years ago (2012) in Menlo Park, CaliforniaFounderDaphne Carmeli (CEO)Defunct2020 (2020)FateAcquired by Target CorporationHeadquartersMenlo Park, California, United StatesWebsitedeliv.co Deliv Inc. was a Menlo Park-based crowdshipping, same-day delivery startup[1] Deliv provided last mile transportation services.[2] Deliv was founded in 2012 by D...

 

 

Chain gang

Group of prisoners chained together as a form of punishment For other uses, see Chain gang (disambiguation). Chain gang street sweepers, Washington, D. C. 1909 Female convicts in Dar es Salaam chained together by their necks, c. 1890–1927A chain gang or road gang is a group of prisoners chained together to perform menial or physically challenging work as a form of punishment. Such punishment might include repairing buildings, building roads, or clearing land.[1] The system was notab...

 

 

Gibea

Lihat pula: Gibeon Koordinat: 31°49′24.14″N 035°13′52.14″E / 31.8233722°N 35.2311500°E / 31.8233722; 35.2311500 Gibea (/[invalid input: 'icon']ˈɡɪbiə/; Ibrani: גבעה Giv'a, Gib'a; bahasa Inggris: Gibeah) adalah nama tempat kuno di tanah Israel yang muncul beberapa kali dalam Alkitab Ibrani dan Perjanjian Lama di Alkitab Kristen. Umumnya diidentifikasi dengan sebuah bukit dekat Yerusalem, di pinggiran daerah perumahan Pisgat Ze'ev dan Shuafat,...

2023 World Athletics Championships – Men's 35 kilometres walk

Men's 35 kilometres walk at the 2023 World ChampionshipsVenueNational Athletics CentreDates24 AugustCompetitors49 from 26 nationsWinning time2:24:30Medalists  Álvaro Martín   Spain Brian Pintado   Ecuador Masatora Kawano   Japan← 20222025 → Events at the2023 World ChampionshipsTrack events100 mmenwomen200 mmenwomen400 mmenwomen800 mmenwomen1500 mmenwomen5000 mmenwomen10,000 mmenwomen100 m hurdleswom...

 

 

Daftar keuskupan di Kosta Rika

Daftar keuskupan di Kosta Rika adalah sebuah daftar yang memuat dan menjabarkan pembagian terhadap wilayah administratif Gereja Katolik Roma yang dipimpin oleh seorang uskup ataupun ordinaris di Kosta Rika. Konferensi para uskup Kosta Rika bergabung dalam Konferensi Waligereja Kosta Rika. Per Juni 2020, terdapat 8 buah yurisdiksi, di mana 1 merupakan keuskupan agung dan 7 merupakan keuskupan sufragan. Daftar keuskupan Provinsi Gerejawi San José di Kosta Rika Keuskupan Agung San José di Kost...