Desert hedgehog

Desert hedgehog

Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Eulipotyphla
Family:	Erinaceidae
Genus:	Paraechinus
Species:	P. aethiopicus
Binomial name
*Paraechinus aethiopicus* (Ehrenberg, 1832)

Desert hedgehog range

The desert hedgehog (Paraechinus aethiopicus) is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae.

Basic facts

The desert hedgehog is one of the smallest of hedgehogs. It is 5.5 to 11 inches (140 to 280 mm) long and weighs about 10 to 18 ounces (280 to 510 g). The quills (or spines to give their correct name) on its back can be banded with coloring similar to the four-toed hedgehog. It is usually identified by its dark muzzle. If desert hedgehogs are threatened, their muscles go tight and pull the outer layer of skin around the body, making their quills stick out in all directions. The quills tend to be longer than other hedgehogs for better protection against predation. As such it is extremely difficult to catch one.

Distribution

It is found in Bahrain, Algeria, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, and possibly Ethiopia.

Breeding

Breeding begins in March, after hibernation has ended. The female desert hedgehog gives birth to up to six young, in a burrow or concealed nest, after a gestation period of around 30 to 40 days. The young are born deaf and blind, and with the quills located just under the skin, to prevent damage to the female during birth. The quills emerge within a few hours, and the eyes open after around 21 days. The young desert hedgehogs are weaned after about 40 days. There is thought to be a single litter each year.

Threats

The desert hedgehog is reported to be a common species with a wide distribution and a large population. It is believed to be reasonably tolerant of habitat modification, and is not considered globally threatened. No major threats are reported for the species, although some note that increasing desertification within its range may be leading to the fragmentation of its populations, and in some areas it may suffer increased mortality due to road traffic. The Desert hedgehog is a host of the Acanthocephalan intestinal parasite Moniliformis saudi.^[2]

References

^ Hutterer, R. (2016). "Paraechinus aethiopicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T40606A22326233. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T40606A22326233.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
^ Amin, Omar M.; Heckmann, Richard A.; Osama, Mohammed; Evans, R. Paul (2016). "Morphological and molecular descriptions of Moniliformis saudi sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Moniliformidae) from the desert hedgehog, Paraechinus aethiopicus (Ehrenberg) in Saudi Arabia, with a key to species and notes on histopathology". Folia Parasitologica. 63. doi:10.14411/fp.2016.014. ISSN 0015-5683. PMID 27189420.

External links

Media related to Paraechinus aethiopicus at Wikimedia Commons

Extant Erinaceidae species by subfamily

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
Infraclass Eutheria
Superorder Laurasiatheria
Order Eulipotyphla

Erinaceinae
(Hedgehogs)

Atelerix	Four-toed hedgehog (A. albiventris) North African hedgehog (A. algirus) Southern African hedgehog (A. frontalis) Somali hedgehog (A. sclateri)
Erinaceus	Amur hedgehog (E. amurensis) Southern white-breasted hedgehog (E. concolor) West European hedgehog (E. europaeus) Northern white-breasted hedgehog (E. roumanicus)
Hemiechinus	Long-eared hedgehog (H. auritus) Indian long-eared hedgehog (H. collaris)
Mesechinus	Daurian hedgehog (M. dauuricus) Hugh's hedgehog (M. hughi) Gaoligong forest hedgehog (M. wangi) Small-toothed forest hedgehog (M. miodon) Eastern forest hedgehog (M. orientalis)
Paraechinus	Desert hedgehog (P. aethiopicus) Brandt's hedgehog (P. hypomelas) Indian hedgehog (P. micropus) Bare-bellied hedgehog (P. nudiventris)

Galericinae
(Gymnures)

Echinosorex	Moonrat (E. gymnura)
Hylomys	Dwarf gymnure (H. parvus) Javan short-tailed gymnure (H. suillus) Bornean short-tailed gymnure (H. dorsalis) Max's short-tailed gymnure (H. maxi) Dalat gymnure (H. macarong) Northern short-tailed gymnure (H. peguensis) Leuser gymnure (H. vorax)
Neohylomys	Hainan gymnure (N. hainanensis)
Neotetracus	Shrew gymnure (N. sinensis)
Otohylomys	Long-eared gymnure (O. megalotis)
Podogymnura	Dinagat gymnure (P. aureospinula) Eastern Mindanao gymnure (P. intermedia) Mindanao gymnure (P. truei)

Taxon identifiers
Paraechinus aethiopicus	Wikidata: Q257774 Wikispecies: Paraechinus aethiopicus ADW: Paraechinus_aethiopicus CoL: 6TNYC EoL: 1037263 GBIF: 2437145 iNaturalist: 43073 IRMNG: 10541575 ITIS: 709728 IUCN: 40606 MDD: 1003818 MSW: 13600039 NCBI: 262775 Observation.org: 83752 Open Tree of Life: 713042
Erinaceus aethiopicus	Wikidata: Q122762432 GBIF: 8277591

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