Darda, Croatia

Darda
Municipality
Municipality of Darda
Općina Darda
Coat of arms of Darda
Coat of arms
Darda is located in Osijek-Baranja County
Darda
Darda
Location of Darda in Croatia
Darda is located in Croatia
Darda
Darda
Darda (Croatia)
Darda is located in Europe
Darda
Darda
Darda (Europe)
Coordinates: 45°37′34″N 18°41′33″E / 45.626082°N 18.692513°E / 45.626082; 18.692513
Country Croatia
RegionBaranya (Podunavlje)
County Osijek-Baranja
Government
 • MayorAnto Vukoje
Area
[1]
94.1 km2 (36.3 sq mi)
 • Urban
82.6 km2 (31.9 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[2]
5,427
 • Density58/km2 (150/sq mi)
 • Urban
4,151
 • Urban density50/km2 (130/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
Websitedarda.hr

Darda (Serbian Cyrillic: Дарда, Hungarian: Dárda) is a village and a municipality just north of Osijek, Croatia. It is located across the Drava river in Baranja. At the 2011 census, the village population was 5,323, with a total of 6,908 people in the municipality.[3] The castle of the Hungarian Esterhazi family is located in the center of the Darda. [4]

Name

In Hungarian the town is known as Dárda, in German as Lanzenau, and in Serbian Cyrillic as Дарда.[5] In Hungarian, a dárda (spear, lance) is made by ramming a dagger (tőr) into a long handle or pole. It was a military weapon used by the cavaliers and the infantry in the old times.[6] Darda was first mentioned in Roman times under the name Tarda. [4]

History

It was first mentioned in 1280 as "Turda", later in 1282 as "Tharda", "Thorda", in 1290, 1299 as "Thorda", in 1332–1335 as "Turida", "Torda", later as (Kis-) és (Nagy-) Dárda, Dárda. During the Hungarian administration (13th-16th century), the area was part of the Baranya county. In the 16th-17th century, area was part of the Ottoman Empire and administratively belonged to the Sanjak of Mohaç. Ottoman traveler Evliya Çelebi in 1663 described Darda as an important market place with a strong fortress with towers. According to Çelebi, fortified part of the settlement had 50 houses and one mosque, while part of the settlement outside of the walls had one han and ten shops.

Since the end of the 17th century, the area was part of the Habsburg monarchy and administratively belonged to the Baranya county, which was part of the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary. Darda was administratively included into the municipality of Baranyavár (Branjin Vrh) and in 1850 offices of local administration of this municipality were moved to Darda. In the end of the 18th century, Darda was a multi-ethnic settlement, mainly populated by Croats and Germans. In 1910, population included Germans, Croats and Hungarians.

Since 1918, Darda part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed to Yugoslavia). From 1918 to 1922, it was part of the Novi Sad county, from 1922 to 1929 part of the Bačka Oblast, and from 1929 to 1941 part of the Danube Banovina. In 1941 it was occupied and re-annexed by Hungary and was administratively re-included into Baranya county. It was returned to Yugoslav control in 1944 and was administratively part of Vojvodina until 1945, when it was transferred to the People's Republic of Croatia.

Until the end of World War II, the inhabitants were Danube Swabians, also called locally as Stifolder, because their ancestors arrived in the 17th century and 18th century from Fulda (district).[7] Most of the former German settlers were expelled to Allied-occupied Germany and Allied-occupied Austria in 1945–1948, as a result of the Potsdam Agreement.[8]

During the Croatian War of Independence (1991–1995), Darda was incorporated into the unrecognized breakaway Republic of Serbian Krajina. It was returned to Croatian control after the war, following the short period of UN administration (1996–1998).

Darda is underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.[9]

Population

The municipality of Darda includes following settlements:[3]

Largest ethnic groups in the municipality are (census 2011):[10]

Politics

Minority councils

Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting the local or regional authorities, advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs.[11] At the 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections Hungarians, Roma and Serbs of Croatia each fulfilled legal requirements to elect 10 members municipal minority councils of the Darda Municipality.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ Register of spatial units of the State Geodetic Administration of the Republic of Croatia. Wikidata Q119585703.
  2. ^ "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements" (xlsx). Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 2022.
  3. ^ a b "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements, 2011 Census: Darda". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. December 2012.
  4. ^ a b "O Baranji". Visit Baranja (in Croatian). Retrieved 10 April 2023.
  5. ^ "Registar Geografskih Imena Nacionalnih Manjina Republike Hrvatske" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  6. ^ Czuczor Gergely, Fogarasi János: A magyar nyelv szótára - 1862.
  7. ^ https://www.feked.hu/etc/Stifolder_tortenet.pdf. [bare URL PDF]
  8. ^ "Die Vertreibung – Landsmannschaft der Deutschen aus Ungarn". 15 January 2021.
  9. ^ Lovrinčević, Željko; Davor, Mikulić; Budak, Jelena (June 2004). "AREAS OF SPECIAL STATE CONCERN IN CROATIA- REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT DIFFERENCES AND THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND EDUCATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS". Ekonomski pregled, Vol.55 No.5-6. Archived from the original on 18 August 2018. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  10. ^ "Population by Ethnicity, by Towns/Municipalities, 2011 Census: County of Osijek-Baranja". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. December 2012.
  11. ^ "Manjinski izbori prve nedjelje u svibnju, kreću i edukacije". T-portal. 13 March 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
  12. ^ "Informacija o konačnim rezultatima izbora članova vijeća i izbora predstavnika nacionalnih manjina 2023. XIV. OSJEČKO-BARANJSKA ŽUPANIJA" (PDF) (in Croatian). Državno izborno povjerenstvo Republike Hrvatske. 2023. p. 22-23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 June 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2023.

Sources

  • Siniša Đuričić (2023). Сведоци времена: историјски преглед развоја насеља Дарда [Witnesees of Time: Historical Review of the Development of the Darda Settlement] (in Serbian (Cyrillic script)). Vukovar: Joint Council of Municipalities. ISBN 978-953-8489-07-5.
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