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Daniel Woodriff

CB
Daniel Woodriff; CB
Born	17 November 1756; England
Died	25 February 1842 (aged 85); England
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Service / branch	Royal Navy
Rank	Captain
Commands	HMS Endymion; HMS Calcutta
Battles / wars	American Revolutionary War; French Revolutionary Wars; Napoleonic Wars;
Awards	Companion of the Order of the Bath

Captain Daniel Woodriff CB (17 November 1756 – 25 February 1842) was a British Royal Navy officer and navigator in the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries.^[1] He made two voyages to Australia. He was Naval Agent on the convict transport Kitty in 1792 and, in 1803, the captain of HMS Calcutta for David Collins' expedition to found a settlement in Port Phillip.

Biography

Woodriff was commissioned as a lieutenant on 1 April 1783, and received promotion to the rank of commander on 18 September 1795, and to captain on 28 April 1802.^[2]

Voyage to Australia

Towards the end of 1802, Woodriff was appointed to command of the Calcutta, a 50-gun ship armed en flûte, and fitted to transport convicts. They were bound for Port Phillip in the Bass Strait, on the southern extremity of Australia, with the intention of setting up a settlement there under the command of David Collins. Calcutta sailed from Spithead on 28 April 1803, in company with the storeship Ocean, calling at Rio de Janeiro in July, and the Cape of Good Hope in August, arriving at their intended destination in October. Calcutta then sailed alone to Port Jackson to take on a cargo of 800 long tons (810 t) of timber. Whilst in Sydney, Woodriff and the crew of Calcutta assisted in suppressing the Castle Hill convict rebellion. For that service, Woodriff received a 1,000-acre (400 ha) land grant near Penrith, New South Wales in 1804.^[3]

Calcutta then sailed back to England via Cape Horn and Rio de Janeiro, arriving at Spithead on 23 July 1804, thereby completing a circumnavigation of the globe in ten months and three days.^[4]

Action of 26 September 1805

The Calcutta was refitted as a 50-gun ship, and sent to Saint Helena to escort merchant ships back to England. She arrived there on 3 August 1804 and sailed with six merchant ships back to England. Unfortunately, on 26 September, as the convoy approached the entrance to the English Channel, they encountered a powerful French squadron. Woodriff attacked, sacrificing his ship to give the convoy a chance to escape, which all but one did, while the Calcutta was forced to surrender. Woodriff, his officers, and crew were landed at La Rochelle three months later, and marched to Verdun, 600 miles (970 km) away. In June 1807, Woodriff was released in a prisoner exchange, and promptly court-martialled for the loss of his ship. He was honourably acquitted, and his conduct was pronounced to have been that of "a brave, cool, and intrepid officer."^[4]

Later career

In 1808 Woodriff was appointed agent for prisoners of war at Forton, near Gosport. Towards the end of the war he served as Resident Commissioner at Jamaica. He was admitted into the Royal Hospital, Greenwich, on 9 November 1830, and was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 26 September 1831, on the occasion of King William IV's Coronation Honours.^[5]

Family

He was born on 17 December 1756, the son of John Woodriff of Deptford, Kent.^[6]

He married Asia Sumarel (1764–1827); they had three daughters, and three sons: Capt. Daniel James Woodriff^[7] RN (1787–1860), Cdr. John Robert Woodriff^[8] RN (1790–1868), and Lt. Robert Mathews Woodriff RN (1792–1820).