Daniel Roberdeau

Daniel Roberdeau (1727 – January 5, 1795) was an American Founding Father and merchant residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at the time of the American War of Independence. He represented Pennsylvania from 1777 to 1779 in the Continental Congress, where he signed the Articles of Confederation. Roberdeau served as a brigadier general in the Pennsylvania state militia during the war.

Family and early life

Roberdeau was born in 1727 on the Island of St. Christopher in the West Indies.^[1] His father was a Huguenot immigrant named Isaac Roberdeau; his mother, a Scot, Mary Cunningham. After the death of his father, he immigrated to Philadelphia with his mother and sisters. Roberdeau became a timber merchant.^[2]

Early service

Roberdeau was active in establishing Freemasonry in Philadelphia, which brought him to the attention of Benjamin Franklin and other civic leaders. He served on the Board of Managers for Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia in 1756-1757.^[3] He was elected to the Pennsylvania Colonial Assembly, serving from 1756 to 1760, but then declined further service.

Revolutionary War service

When war neared, he joined the Associators (as the Pennsylvania rebel militia was known) and was made colonel of his regiment. In May 1776 he presided at several public meetings calling for the existing Pennsylvania delegation to the Continental Congress to be replaced with members who supported a Declaration of Independence. As a result, he was named to the Committee of Safety, and on July 4, 1776 was named a brigadier general in the state militia.^[4]

Congressional service

Roberdeau was first elected to the Continental Congress in February 1777 and served there until 1779. Later that year, when the Continental Army entered winter quarters at Valley Forge, he worked with General George Washington to set up a militia support network known as the Flying Camp and served as its commander.

In April 1778, Roberdeau took a short leave from Congress. He had noted the shortage of powder and shot in the army and used the time off to establish a lead mine in what was then a part of Bedford County, now a part of Blair County. To protect the mine and camp from Indian attacks, he built a palisade, Fort Roberdeau, at his own expense. Historically, Roberdeau's fort was known as the "Lead Mine Fort". It has been reconstructed near its original site in Sinking Valley, near present-day Altoona, Pennsylvania.^[5]

After the war, he moved to Alexandria, Virginia, and eventually settled in Winchester, where he died in 1795. He is buried in the Mt. Hebron Cemetery there.^[6] His son, Isaac Roberdeau, became a civil engineer and U.S. Army officer, who helped Pierre L'Enfant lay out the plan for Washington, D.C.^{[citation needed]}

References

^
- United States Congress. "Daniel Roberdeau (id: R000303)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
^
- United States Congress. "Daniel Roberdeau (id: R000303)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
^ Continuation of the Account of the Pennsylvania Hospital: from the First of May 1754 to the Fifth of May 1761. Philadelphia, PA: B. Franklin & D. Hall. 1761. pp. 48–51.
^
- United States Congress. "Daniel Roberdeau (id: R000303)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
^ "National Historic Landmarks & National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania". CRGIS: Cultural Resources Geographic Information System. Archived from the original (Searchable database) on 2007-07-21. Retrieved 2022-02-18. Note: This includes David M. Berman (October 1973). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Fort Roberdeau" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-11-03.
^ Genealogy of the Roberdeau Family

External links

Buchanan, Roberdeau (1876). Genealogy of the Roberdeau family : including a biography of General Daniel Roberdeau, of the revolutionary army, and the Continental Congress; and signer of the Articles of Confederation. Washington, DC: Joseph L. Pearson.

Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union

Founding Fathers of the United States

Signatories

Primary drafter	John Dickinson
New Hampshire	Josiah Bartlett John Wentworth Jr.
Massachusetts	John Hancock Samuel Adams Elbridge Gerry Francis Dana James Lovell Samuel Holten
Rhode Island	William Ellery Henry Marchant John Collins
Connecticut	Roger Sherman Samuel Huntington Oliver Wolcott Titus Hosmer Andrew Adams
New York	James Duane Francis Lewis William Duer Gouverneur Morris
New Jersey	John Witherspoon Nathaniel Scudder
Pennsylvania	Robert Morris Daniel Roberdeau Jonathan Bayard Smith William Clingan Joseph Reed
Delaware	Thomas McKean John Dickinson Nicholas Van Dyke
Maryland	John Hanson Daniel Carroll
Virginia	Richard Henry Lee John Banister Thomas Adams John Harvie Francis Lightfoot Lee
North Carolina	John Penn Cornelius Harnett John Williams
South Carolina	Henry Laurens William Henry Drayton John Mathews Richard Hutson Thomas Heyward Jr.
Georgia	John Walton Edward Telfair Edward Langworthy

Display

National Archives
- Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom

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