Daigou

Daigou smuggler
Occupation
NamesDaigou, "overseas personal shopper",[1] "professional shopper"[1]
SynonymsHaiwai daigou
Occupation type
Profession
Description
Fields of
employment
Self-employed

Daigou (Chinese: 代购[2]; pinyin: dàigòu; lit. 'surrogate shopping')[1][3][4] is an emerging form of cross-border trade[5][6][2] in which an individual or a syndicated group of exporters[5] outside China purchases commodities (mainly luxury goods, but sometimes also groceries such as infant formulas) for customers in China.[1][7] Daigou shoppers typically purchase the desired goods in a region outside China, after which they ship the goods to China or carry them in their luggage upon their return to China. The goods are then resold for profit in China.

Daigou activities can be conducted either illegally[8][9] or legally,[10] often using loopholes to circumvent import tariffs imposed on overseas goods.[11]

Sales

Daigou sales across sectors total $15 billion annually.[12] In 2014 the value of the daigou business just in luxury goods increased from CN¥55 billion to CN¥75 billion yuan (US$8.8 billion to $12 billion).[9]

Daigou purchases are often made in luxury brand boutiques in major fashion cities like Paris, London, New York City, Hong Kong, Tokyo and Seoul. Some daigou operators use Weibo and WeChat to communicate with their clients.[13] The large demand for daigou service is due to perceived high import tariffs on luxury goods[13] and concern over unsafe products, especially food safety problems,[14] Daigou shoppers can provide assurance that the products which consumers in China order are genuine and safe to use. Shoppers often have personal connections with the people in China who order from them.[15]

A 2015 survey of Chinese online luxury shoppers found that 35% have used daigou to purchase luxury goods online, while only 7% used the website of the brand they are buying, or think they are buying.[16] Approximately 80% of Chinese luxury purchases are made abroad.[17]

Negative impacts

Daigou syndicates can be involved in hoarding and stockpiling of goods in large quantities, often infuriating local customers for the shortage of goods and disruption incurred to the markets.[18][19]

In June 2019 naval personnel from a Chinese warship berthed in Sydney Harbour, Australia were photographed unloading boxes of baby formula and other products from a large van to carry onto the ship.[20]

In January and February 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, China's United Front organized successful Daigou in numerous countries to help China import 2.5 billion pieces of epidemic safety equipment, including over two billion safety masks. The Australian subsidiaries of Country Garden and Greenland Holdings had their employees gather medical supplies which were subsequently airlifted to Wuhan, exacerbating these shortages in Australian hospitals.[21] Jorge Guajardo, Mexico’s former ambassador to China, suggested that China was evidently hiding the extent of a pandemic that endangered the world while covertly securing PPE at low prices, as this “surreptitious” operation left “the world naked with no supply of PPE.”[22]

Such actions have prompted several governments to take actions against Daigou smuggling and hoarding. Starting from 2012, the New Zealand government has been regularly cracking down and sometimes outright banning unauthorized export of consumer goods through unregistered channels.[23] Australian retailers have imposed multiple restrictions on Daigou purchases of baby formula.[24][25]

Some Daigou service providers fraudulently sell counterfeit products that have been altered to appear purchased abroad from legitimate sources.[26]

Responses from China

On January 1, 2019, China officially rolled out a new e-commerce law, the first of its kind to directly regulate Daigou activities. Under the new law, all Daigou participants will be legally required to register as e-commerce operators and acquire licenses in both China and the country where they shop, making their business subject to taxation in both China and the region where they purchased goods. Any e-commerce platform and seller could be fined 2 million yuan and 500,000 yuan respectively, and possibly face criminal charges, if they are found guilty of smuggling, tax evasion and willful violation of the new e-commerce law.[27]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Parker, Pamela (16 March 2018). "How to become a professional shopper". BBC.com.
  2. ^ a b Hunt, Katie (August 19, 2014). "Shoppers or smugglers? China cracks down on 'daigou' boom". CNN. Retrieved August 29, 2014.
  3. ^ Owens, Susan (July 1, 2015). "FROM DAIGOU TO DIGITAL: LUXURY EXECUTIVES WEIGH IN ON BIGGEST CHINA CHALLENGES". Jing Daily (精日传媒). Retrieved 28 October 2016.
  4. ^ Lee, Terence (November 16, 2012). "Daigou, a novel e-commerce business model, is an intriguing Chinese export". businessoffashion.com. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
  5. ^ a b "Melbourne baby formula syndicate smashed as police seize tins worth $300,000". The Sydney Morning Herald. November 30, 2017.
  6. ^ "'Baby formula ring' leads to six arrests in Australia". BBC. January 21, 2019.
  7. ^ Chitrakorn, Kati (9 April 2014). "'Daigou' Agents Help Chinese Get Luxury Goods for Less". businessoffashion.com. Archived from the original on 15 January 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
  8. ^ "23 arrested in crackdown on milk-powder smuggling ring run in US". South China Morning Post. April 12, 2017.
  9. ^ a b Chitrakorn, Kati (February 5, 2016). "Can China End the Illicit 'Daigou' Trade?". businessoffashion.com. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
  10. ^ Hawkins, Amy; Thorpe, James (8 October 2019). "China ecommerce rules force personal shoppers to be creative". Financial Times. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  11. ^ Menendez, Enrique (February 18, 2016). "Missed Opportunity: China's Neglected Domestic Travellers". businessoffashion.com. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
  12. ^ Buchwald, Brian; Neckes, Joshua (August 15, 2014). "Op-Ed | Alibaba's Catch-22". businessoffashion.com. Archived from the original on 22 March 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
  13. ^ a b Zhu, Julie (February 23, 2014). "Online agents cut luxury bills for Chinese buyers". Financial Times. Retrieved 2014-08-17.
  14. ^ "中国食品安全问题现状、原因及对策 中国食品安全现状" [The phenomenon, reasons and solutions of food safety problems in China]. Baidu (in Chinese). August 26, 2013.
  15. ^ Xiao, Bang; Mantesso, Sean (31 July 2019). "The daigou channel — how a handful of Chinese shoppers turned into a billion-dollar industry". ABC News. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  16. ^ Solca, Luca (16 April 2015). "Digital China Leaving Ostrich Brands Behind". businessoffashion.com. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
  17. ^ Denis, Pascale; Wendlandt, Astrid (6 April 2016). Holmes, David (ed.). "Luxury Market Growth Will Hit Low Point in 2016, Forecasts Bain". businessoffashion.com. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
  18. ^ "'Desperate' mum's plea after catching baby formula hoarders emptying shelves". Yahoo7 News. August 3, 2017.
  19. ^ "Parents fume after watching shoppers hoard milk formula". The Chronicle. September 13, 2017.
  20. ^ Loomes, Phoebe (11 June 2019). "Chinese warships pictured loaded with Australian baby formula before departure". News Ltd.
  21. ^ McClymont, Kate (27 March 2020). "Second developer flew 82 tonnes of medical supplies to China". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
  22. ^ "United Front groups in Canada helped Beijing stockpile coronavirus safety supplies - National | Globalnews.ca".
  23. ^ "新西兰"禁奶"引上海妈妈囤货" (in Chinese). Oriental Morning Post. Retrieved February 16, 2019.
  24. ^ "Australian limit baby formula as China demand hits stocks". The Straits Times. May 16, 2018.
  25. ^ "Retailers crack down on baby formula limits amid parent pressure". news.com.au. October 26, 2018.
  26. ^ Sim, Shuan (April 8, 2014). "China's Sketchy 'Daigou' Luxury Market Is A Hotbed For Fakes". jingdaily.com. Retrieved August 29, 2014.
  27. ^ "What a New Law Could Mean for China's 'Daigou'". Sixth tone. December 21, 2018.
Look up 代 or 购 in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Read other articles:

Gaetano Aronica

Gaetano Aronica Gaetano Aronica (lahir 30 September 1963) adalah seorang pemeran dari Italia yang dikenal karena memerankan jenderal Romawi, Varus dalam seri televisi Netflix tahun 2020, Barbarians.[1][2] Ia juga membintangi Malèna (2000), Il Capo dei Capi (2007) dan Baarìa (2009).[3] Ia berasal dari Agrigento, Sisilia.[4] Rujukan ^ Gaetano Aronica interpreta Varo: Barbarians ha scombussolato la mia vita con la potenza di un tornado. L'intervista di Fattitali...

 

 

WFNT

Radio station in Flint, MichiganWFNTFlint, MichiganBroadcast areaCentral MichiganFrequency1470 kHzBranding1470 WFNTProgrammingFormatSilent (was talk radio)AffiliationsPremiere NetworksSalem Radio NetworkFox News RadioFox Sports RadioOwnershipOwnerTownsquare Media(Townsquare Media of Flint, Inc.)Sister stationsWCRZ, WQUS, WRCL, WWBNHistoryFirst air date1947; 77 years ago (1947)Former call signsWCLC (1947-1948)WWOK (1948-1953)WKMF (1953-1993)Call sign meaningFlint (IATA code f...

 

 

Richard Green (sexologist)

American psychiatrist and sexologist (1936–2019) Richard GreenBornJune 6, 1936Brooklyn, New York, USDiedApril 6, 2019(2019-04-06) (aged 82)United KingdomAlma mater Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Yale University AwardsMagnus Hirschfeld Medal for Sexual Research (2006)Scientific careerFieldsSexology, psychiatryInstitutionsUniversity of California, Los Angeles; State University of New York at Stony Brook; Imperial College, London Richard Green (6 June 1936 – 6 April 20...

Cakep Cakep Sakti

Cakep Cakep SaktiGenre Drama Roman Fantasi Remaja PembuatMD EntertainmentSutradaraAi ManafPemeran Luna Maya Indah Permatasari Maxime Raquel Katie Larkin Andi Soraya Fadlan Muhammad Armando Jordy Penggubah lagu temaIndah Permatasari feat. Raquel Katie LarkinLagu pembukaMau Disayang oleh Indah Permatasari feat. Raquel Katie LarkinLagu penutupMau Disayang oleh Indah Permatasari feat. Raquel Katie LarkinNegara asalIndonesiaBahasa asliBahasa IndonesiaJmlh. musim1Jmlh. episode32ProduksiProduser Dh...

 

 

ソー (オー＝ド＝セーヌ県)

Sceaux 行政国 フランス地域圏 (Région) イル＝ド＝フランス地域圏県 (département) オー＝ド＝セーヌ県郡 (arrondissement) アントニー郡小郡 (canton) 小郡庁所在地INSEEコード 92071郵便番号 92330市長（任期） フィリップ・ローラン（2008年-2014年）自治体間連合 (fr) メトロポール・デュ・グラン・パリ人口動態人口 19,679人（2007年）人口密度 5466人/km2住民の呼称 Scéens地理座標 北緯48度4...

 

 

Steve Porcaro

American keyboardist and composer Steve PorcaroPorcaro in 2013Background informationBirth nameSteven Maxwell PorcaroBorn (1957-09-02) September 2, 1957 (age 66)Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.GenresPop, rockOccupationsMusician, songwriter, film composerInstrumentsKeyboards, vocalsYears active1976–presentFormerly ofToto, The Chris Squire ExperimentMusical artist Steven Maxwell Porcaro (born September 2, 1957) is an American keyboardist, songwriter, singer, and film composer, known as one of ...

Sophie-Henriette de Waldeck

Sophie de Waldeck-EisenbergTitres de noblesseDuchesseDuchesseBiographieNaissance 3 août 1662Bad ArolsenDécès 15 octobre 1702 (à 40 ans)ErbachPère Georges-Frédéric de Waldeck-EisenbergMère Élisabeth-Charlotte de Nassau-SiegenConjoint Ernest III de Saxe-Hildburghausen (à partir de 1680)Enfants Ernest-Frédéric Ier de Saxe-HildburghausenSophie Charlotte von Sachsen-Hildburghausen (d)Sophie Charlotte von Sachsen-Hildburghausen (d)Karl Wilhelm von Sachsen-Hildburghausen (...

 

 

内华达州

内華達州 美國联邦州State of Nevada 州旗州徽綽號：產銀之州、起戰之州地图中高亮部分为内華達州坐标：35°N－42°N, 114°W－120°W国家 美國建州前內華達领地加入聯邦1864年10月31日（第36个加入联邦）首府卡森城最大城市拉斯维加斯政府 • 州长（英语：List of Governors of {{{Name}}}]]） • 副州长（英语：List of lieutenant governors of {{{Name}}}]]）喬·隆巴爾多（R斯塔...

 

 

Barbados at the Olympics

Sporting event delegationBarbados at theOlympicsIOC codeBARNOCBarbados Olympic AssociationWebsitewww.olympic.org.bbMedalsRanked 149th Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 1 Total 1 Summer appearances196819721976198019841988199219962000200420082012201620202024Other related appearances British West Indies (1960 S) Barbados first competed at the Summer Olympic Games in 1968, and has participated in each Games since, with the exception of the 1980 Summer Olympics when Barbados joined the American-led boyc...

Alica Schmidt

German sprinter and hurdler For the American athlete, see Alice Schmidt. Alica Megan SchmidtSchmidt in 2022Personal informationFull nameAlica Megan SchmidtBorn (1998-11-08) 8 November 1998 (age 25)Worms, GermanyEducationFresenius University of Applied SciencesOccupationAthleteYears active2017–presentHeight1.75 m (5 ft 9 in)Weight55 kg (121 lb)SportSport Track and field Athletics Running Events Sprints 200 metres 400 metres 400 metres hurdles 800 metre...

 

 

Bricquebec-en-Cotentin

Bricquebec-en-Cotentin De haut en bas, de gauche à droite : le château de Bricquebec ; l'église Notre-Dame de Quettetot ; l'abbaye Notre-Dame-de-Grâce à Bricquebec ; l'église Saint-Paul des Perques ; le manoir de la Cour à Saint-Martin-le-Hébert ; le clocher de l'église Notre-Dame-des-Anges du Vrétot. Administration Pays France Région Normandie Département Manche Arrondissement Cherbourg Intercommunalité Communauté d'agglomération du Cotentin Mair...

 

 

內閣總理大臣

  关于与「內閣總理大臣」標題相近或相同的条目页，請見「內閣總理大臣 (消歧義)」。 日本國內閣總理大臣內閣總理大臣紋章現任岸田文雄自2021年10月4日在任尊称總理、總理大臣、首相、阁下官邸總理大臣官邸提名者國會全體議員選出任命者天皇任期四年，無連任限制[註 1]設立法源日本國憲法先前职位太政大臣（太政官）首任伊藤博文设立1885年12月22日，...

Big Cypress National Preserve

Over 729,000 acres in Florida (US) managed by the National Park Service Big Cypress redirects here. For other uses, see Big Cypress (disambiguation). Big Cypress National PreserveLocation in FloridaShow map of FloridaBig Cypress National Preserve (the United States)Show map of the United StatesLocationCollier, Monroe, & Miami-Dade counties, Florida, United StatesNearest cityEverglades City, FloridaCoordinates25°51′32″N 81°02′02″W / 25.85889°N 81.03389°W&#x...

 

 

اتفاقية مكافحة الرشوة

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (ديسمبر 2018) اتفاقية مكافحة الرشوة (رسمياً اتفاقية مكافحة رشوة الموظفين العموميين الأجانب في المعاملات التجارية الد�...

 

 

Quinchía

Este artículo o sección necesita referencias que aparezcan en una publicación acreditada. Busca fuentes: «Quinchía» – noticias · libros · académico · imágenesEste aviso fue puesto el 2 de diciembre de 2010. Quinchía MunicipioBanderaEscudo QuinchíaLocalización de Quinchía en Colombia QuinchíaLocalización de Quinchía en RisaraldaCoordenadas 5°20′22″N 75°43′46″O / 5.3394444444444, -75.729444444444Entidad Municipio • País &...

Kenneth Simonds

American businessman and philanthropist (1935-2009) Kenneth Wayne SimondsBornMay 5, 1935Kingsport, TNDiedOctober 11, 2009Indian Wells, CAYears active1958-1993Employer(s)IBM, Amdahl, TeradataSpouseSarah R. Simonds (1935)Children5 Kenneth Wayne Simonds (May 5, 1935 – October 11, 2009) was an American businessman and philanthropist.[1][2] Life He began his career in 1958 at IBM and was the youngest IBM manager when promoted to Green Bay, Wisconsin. He left IBM in 1975 to b...

 

 

Mark Ciavarella

American convicted felon, former judge Mark CiavarellaBornMark Arthur Ciavarella Jr.[1] (1950-03-03) March 3, 1950 (age 74)Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, USAlma materKing's CollegeDuquesne Law SchoolOccupationFormer President Judge[2]Years active1996–2009Known forKids for cash scandalSuccessorChester B. Muroski[3]Criminal statusFederal inmate #15008-067 Federal Correctional Institution, Ashland, KentuckySpouseCindy Baer (div. 2013)Criminal chargeRack...

 

 

The Transformation of Dr. Bessel

1927 film The Transformation of Dr. BesselDirected byRichard OswaldWritten byHerbert Juttke Georg C. KlarenBased onDoktor Bessels Verwandlung by Ludwig Wolff [de]Produced byRichard OswaldStarringJakob Tiedtke Sophie Pagay Hans Stüwe Agnes EsterhazyCinematographyAxel GraatkjærProductioncompanyRichard Oswald-FilmRelease date 8 December 1927 (1927-12-08) Running time70 minutesCountryGermanyLanguagesSilent German intertitles The Transformation of Dr. Bessel (German: ...

DMBMPP

Chemical compound DMBMPPClinical dataOther namesJuncosamineATC codeNoneIdentifiers IUPAC name 2-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromobenzyl)-6-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperidine CAS Number1391499-52-7 NPubChem CID72683323ChemSpider59718542Chemical and physical dataFormulaC21H26BrNO3Molar mass420.347 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)Interactive image SMILES COC(C=C(Br)C(OC)=C1)=C1C[C@@H]2CCC[C@@H](C3=C(OC)C=CC=C3)N2 InChI InChI=1S/C21H26BrNO3/c1-24-19-10-5-4-8-16(19)18-9-6-7-15(23-18)11-14-12-21(26-3)17(22)13-20...

 

 

Penguin Random House

Penguin Random HousePerusahaan indukBertelsmann (75%)Pearson PLC (25%)Didirikan1 Juli 2013; 11 tahun lalu (2013-07-01)Kantor pusatNew York City, New York, Amerika SerikatDistribusiSeluruh duniaTokoh kunciMarkus Dohle (CEO)Milena Alberti (CFO)Madeline McIntosh (Presiden, Penguin Publishing Group)Jenis terbitanBukuJumlah pegawai10,000 (pada 1 Juli 2013)Situs resmipenguinrandomhouse.com Penguin Random House (PRH) adalah sebuah perusahaan penerbitan multinasional Amerika yang didirikan pada ...