Cosmic Background Imager

Cosmic Background Imager
The CBI Telescope
Location(s)Chile Edit this at Wikidata
Coordinates23°02′S 67°46′W / 23.033°S 67.767°W / -23.033; -67.767
Telescope stylecosmic microwave background experiment
radio interferometer Edit this on Wikidata
Cosmic Background Imager is located in Chile
Cosmic Background Imager
Location of Cosmic Background Imager
  Related media on Commons
[edit on Wikidata]
CMB as measured by the CBI experiment

The Cosmic Background Imager (or CBI) was a 13-element interferometer perched at an elevation of 5,080 metres (16,700 feet) at Llano de Chajnantor Observatory in the Chilean Andes. It started operations in 1999 to study the cosmic microwave background radiation and ran until 2008.

CBI conducted measurements at frequencies between 26 and 36 GHz in ten bands of 1 GHz bandwidth. It had a resolution of better than 1/10 of a degree. (In comparison, the pioneering COBE satellite, which produced the first detection of fluctuations in the microwave background in 1992, had a resolution of about 7 degrees.) Among the key findings of the CBI is the fact that fluctuations which have a small size on the sky are weaker than fluctuations which have a large size on the sky, which confirmed earlier theoretical predictions. More technically, CBI was the first experiment to detect intrinsic anisotropy in the microwave background on mass scales of galaxy clusters; it provided the first detection of the Silk damping tail; it found a hint of excess power at high-l multipoles (CBI-excess) than expected from the ΛCDM model; and it detected fluctuations in the polarization of the microwave background obtaining the first detailed E-mode polarization spectrum providing evidence that it is out of phase with the total intensity mode spectrum.

The CBI was built at the California Institute of Technology, and employed sensitive radio amplifiers from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory; two similar experiments are the Very Small Array, operated on the island of Tenerife, and the Degree Angular Scale Interferometer, operated in Antarctica. Both of these experiments used radio interferometry to measure CMB fluctuations at lower resolution over larger areas of the sky. Another experiment operated from Antarctica, the Arcminute Cosmology Bolometer Array Receiver, used total power (bolometric) detection and a single antenna at higher frequency and similar angular resolution to obtain results comparable to the CBI. The confluence of these and other CMB experiments employing different measurement techniques in recent years is a great triumph of observational cosmology.

CBI was a collaboration among a number of institutions in the US and Europe. It still closely collaborates with Chilean institutions Universidad de Chile and Universidad de Concepción through the Chajnantor Observatory.

In 2006, new 1.4 m antennas replaced the old 0.9 m dishes for more high-resolution studies in total intensity mode. During this stage, CBI was called CBI-2.

In June 2008, CBI-2 stopped the observations and the 13-antenna instrument was removed from its mount. The new QUIET telescope instrument was installed in August 2008 on the CBI mount, replacing CBI-2 .

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cosmic Background Imager.

Read other articles:

Rouen

Rouencomune Rouen – VedutaVeduta LocalizzazioneStato Francia Regione Normandia Dipartimento Senna Marittima ArrondissementRouen CantoneCantoni di Rouen AmministrazioneSindacoNicolas Mayer-Rossignol (PS) dal 3-7-2020 TerritorioCoordinate49°26′N 1°05′E / 49.433333°N 1.083333°E49.433333; 1.083333 (Rouen)Coordinate: 49°26′N 1°05′E / 49.433333°N 1.083333°E49.433333; 1.083333 (Rouen) Altitudine10 m s.l.m. Sup...

 

 

Katedral Penne

Katedral PenneKatedral Santo MaksimusItalia: Concattedrale di S. Massimocode: it is deprecated Katedral PenneLokasiPenneNegaraItaliaDenominasiGereja Katolik RomaArsitekturStatusKatedralStatus fungsionalAktifAdministrasiKeuskupanKeuskupan Agung Pescara-Penne Katedral Penne (Italia: Duomo di Penne; Concattedrale di San Massimocode: it is deprecated ) adalah sebuah gereja katedral Katolik yang terletak di Penne, Abruzzo, Italia. Dulunya merupakan tempat kedudukan Uskup Penne, pada tahun 1949 men...

 

 

1808 United States presidential election in New York

Main article: 1808 United States presidential election 1808 United States presidential election in New York ← 1804 November 4 - December 7, 1808 1812 →   Nominee James Madison George Clinton Party Democratic-Republican Democratic-Republican Home state Virginia New York Running mate George Clinton James Madison/ James Monroe Electoral vote 13 6 Percentage 68.38% 31.62% President before election Thomas Jefferson Democratic-Republican Elected President ...

Proto-tulisan

Contoh simbol Jiahu yang ditemukan di tempurung kura-kura dari tahun 6000 SM.[1] Proto-tulisan adalah simbol yang menyampaikan informasi yang terbatas.[2] Proto-tulisan muncul paling awal pada masa Neolitikum awal pada milenium ke-7 SM. Proto-tulisan menggunakan simbol ideogram atau mnemonik awal untuk melambangkan konsep yang terbatas, dan ini tidak sama dengan sistem penulisan yang sesungguhnya yang menyampaikan bahasa si penulis.[3] Contoh Pada tahun 2003, ditemukan...

 

 

Carlo Pinsoglio

Italian footballer (born 1990) Carlo Pinsoglio Pinsoglio with Modena in 2015Personal informationFull name Carlo PinsoglioDate of birth (1990-03-16) 16 March 1990 (age 34)Place of birth Moncalieri, ItalyHeight 1.94 m (6 ft 4 in)[1]Position(s) GoalkeeperTeam informationCurrent team JuventusNumber 23Youth career2000–2010 JuventusSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2010–2012 Juventus 0 (0)2010–2011 → Viareggio (loan) 25 (0)2011–2012 → Pescara (loan) 5 (0)201...

 

 

List of shipwrecks in 2015

The list of shipwrecks in 2015 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during 2015. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. table of contents ← 2014 2015 2016 → Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec References January 1 January List of shipwrecks: 1 January 2015 Ship State Description Sea Merchant  Tanzania The cargo ship ...

1822 en France

Chronologie de la France ◄◄ 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 ►► Chronologies Boutique de modiste à Paris dessinée par Chalon en 1822.Données clés 1819 1820 1821  1822  1823 1824 1825Décennies :1790 1800 1810  1820  1830 1840 1850Siècles :XVIIe XVIIIe  XIXe  XXe XXIeMillénaires :-Ier Ier  IIe  IIIe Chronologies géographiques Afrique Afrique du Sud, Algérie, Angola, Bénin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Came...

 

 

KOA (AM)

Clear-channel news/talk radio station in Denver This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: KOA AM – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) KOADenver, ColoradoBroadcast areaDenver–Boulder–Colorado SpringsFrequency850 kHzBr...

 

 

Pentax

Japanese optics company and brand owned by Ricoh Not to be confused with Pantex. For the series of cameras, see Asahi Pentax. Pentax CorporationFormer headquarters in Itabashi, TokyoNative nameペンタックス株式会社Romanized namePentakkusu Kabushiki gaishaFormerly Asahi Kagaku Kogyo Gōshi gaisha (1919-1938) Asahi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki gaisha (1938-2002) Company typePublic TYO: 7750 (–2007); Subsidiary of Hoya Corporation (2007–2008)IndustryImagingFoundedNovember 1919;&#...

All the Way Home (Tamar Braxton song)

2013 single by Tamar BraxtonAll the Way HomeSingle by Tamar Braxtonfrom the album Love and War ReleasedAugust 21, 2013 (2013-08-21)Recorded2013GenreR&BsoulLength4:22LabelEpicSongwriter(s)Harvey Mason Jr.Damon ThomasMichael DaleySevyn StreeterSteven Lil Steve RussellJoelle JamesTerrence ColesProducer(s)The UnderdogsTamar Braxton singles chronology The One (2013) All the Way Home (2013) She Can Have You (2013) Music videoAll the Way Home on Youtube.com All the Way Home is a s...

 

 

Sukasirna, Campakamulya, Cianjur

Sumber referensi dari artikel ini belum dipastikan dan mungkin isinya tidak benar. Mohon periksa, kembangkan artikel ini, dan tambahkan sumber yang benar pada bagian yang diperlukan. (Pelajari cara dan kapan saatnya untuk menghapus pesan templat ini) SukasirnaDesaNegara IndonesiaProvinsiJawa BaratKabupatenCianjurKecamatanCampakamulyaKode Kemendagri32.03.25.2003 Luas817,132 HaJumlah penduduk5.087 orangKepadatan- Sukasirna adalah desa di kecamatan Campakamulya, Cianjur, Jawa Barat, Indones...

 

 

Ali Khamenei

Artikel ini bukan mengenai Ruhollah Khomeini. Ayatullah SayyidAyatullah Agung Ali KhameneiAli Kamenei, 2022 Pemimpin Agung IranPetahanaMulai menjabat 4 Juni 1989PendahuluRuhollah KhomeiniPenggantiPetahanaMasa jabatan13 Oktober 1981 – 3 Agustus 1989PendahuluMohammad Ali RajaiPenggantiAkbar Hashemi Rafsanjani Informasi pribadiLahir19 Juli 1939 (umur 84)Masyhad, Provinsi Razavi Khorasan, IranPartai politik(1) Asosiasi Ulama Militan (2) Partai Republik IslamAgamaIslam SyiahTan...

Ayam pop

This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Ayam pop – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2020) Indonesian chicken dish Ayam popLight-colored ayam popCourseMain coursePlace of originIndonesiaRegion or stateSumatraAssociated cuisineIndonesiaCreated byMinangkabauServing temperatu...

 

 

Poland–Vietnam relations

Bilateral relationsPolish–Vietnamese relations Poland Vietnam Poland–Vietnam relations are the current and historical relations between Poland and Vietnam. Poland has an embassy in Hanoi and Vietnam has an embassy in Warsaw. The relationship between these two nations can be described as special because they both share historical parallels, although they are very culturally different from one another and they are geographically very far apart. Both Poland and Vietnam have had a long histor...

 

 

Alfito Deannova

Artikel ini membutuhkan rujukan tambahan agar kualitasnya dapat dipastikan. Mohon bantu kami mengembangkan artikel ini dengan cara menambahkan rujukan ke sumber tepercaya. Pernyataan tak bersumber bisa saja dipertentangkan dan dihapus.Cari sumber: Alfito Deannova – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Ini adalah nama Karo, marganya adalah Ginting Suka. Alfito DeannovaLahir17 September 1976 (umur 47)Jakarta, IndonesiaAlmamaterUniversit...

Margaret Ingels

Mechanical engineer Margaret IngelsBorn(1892-10-25)October 25, 1892Paris, KentuckyDiedDecember 13, 1971(1971-12-13) (aged 79)Lexington, KentuckyEducationB.S. in Mechanical Engineering, 1916Alma materUniversity of KentuckyOccupationMechanical EngineeringEmployerCarrier-Lyle CorporationKnown forPioneer in the development of air conditioning. First female engineering graduate from the University of Kentucky; second woman engineering graduate in the United States; first woman to re...

 

 

229th Brigade (United Kingdom)

2nd Dismounted Brigade229th BrigadeBrigade insignia while part of the 74th DivisionActiveFebruary 1916–July 1919Country United KingdomBranch British ArmyTypeDismounted YeomanrySizeBrigadePart of74th (Yeomanry) DivisionEngagements First World War Egypt 1916–17 Palestine 1917–18 France and Flanders 1918 Battle of Jerusalem Military unit The 2nd Dismounted Brigade was a formation of the British Army in the First World War. It was formed in Egypt in February 1916 by absorbin...

 

 

Caravanserraglio

Questa voce sull'argomento tipi di abitazioni è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Caravanserraglio dotato di camere e un piazzale centrale con abbeveratoio Il caravanserraglio è un edificio costituito in genere da un muro che racchiude un ampio cortile e un porticato. Era utilizzato per la sosta delle carovane che attraversavano il deserto. Indice 1 Storia 2 Etimologia e traslitterazione 3 Note 4 Altri progetti 5 Collegamenti esterni Stor...

Азиатский барсук

Азиатский барсук Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:СинапсидыКласс:Мле�...

 

 

General Confederation of Labour (Argentina)

Trade union General Confederation of LaborConfederación General del TrabajoAbbreviationCGTPredecessorUnión Sindical ArgentinaConfederación Obrera ArgentinaFoundedSeptember 27, 1930HeadquartersAzopardo 802Buenos Aires, ArgentinaLocationArgentinaMembers 7,000,000[1]Key peopleCarlos AcuñaHéctor DaerJuan Carlos SchmidtAffiliationsITUCWebsitehttps://cgtoficial.org/ The General Confederation of Labor (in Spanish: Confederación General del Trabajo, CGT) is a national trade union federa...