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Cong Abbey
*Cúnga Fheichín*
	View of the remains of Cong Abbey
	Location within Ireland
Monastery information
Order	Augustinian canons
Established	7th century (original structure), 12th century
Disestablished	1542
Diocese	Archdiocese of Tuam
People
Founder(s)	Saint Feichin
Architecture
Heritage designation	National Monument
Style	early Gothic
Site
Location	Cong, County Mayo, Ireland
Coordinates	53°32′25″N 9°17′12″W / 53.54028°N 9.28667°W
Visible remains	church building, cloisters, monks' fishing house
Public access	Yes

Cong Abbey also known as the Royal Abbey of Cong, is a historic site located at Cong, County Mayo, in Ireland's province of Connacht. The ruins of the former Augustinian abbey mostly date to the 13th century and have been described as featuring some of finest examples of medieval ecclesiastical architecture in Ireland.

History

In the early 7th century, a church was built at this site, reportedly by Saint Feichin. A later building was destroyed by fire in 1114. Within the next twenty years or so, Turlough Mor O’Connor, the High King of Ireland, refounded the abbey.^[1] Raiders from Munster destroyed the buildings in 1137 but they were rebuilt by King Turlough.^[2] The Abbey was refounded as an Augustinian settlement in 1138. It was one of the earliest Augustinian settlements south of Armagh, which was founded in 1126.^[3]

In 1198, his son, Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair (Rory O'Connor), Ireland's last High King, constructed new buildings and also lived the last 15 years of his life at the abbey.^[4] He died here and was reportedly briefly buried in the abbey before being exhumed and re-interred at Clonmacnoise.^[1]

Cong Abbey was also closely associated with the O'Duffy family from at least 1097 to 1501.^[2] The Annals of the Four Masters record that in 1150, Muireadhach Ua Dubhthaigh, Archbishop of Connacht, died at Cong aged 75. ^[5] His name is inscribed upon the processional Cross of Cong.^[6]

In the 1307 the abbey was reconstructed and dedicated to St Mary.^[3] Cong Abbey was suppressed sometime after 1542 and later fell into ruins.^[2]

The last (nominal) abbot was Father Patrick Prendergast, parish priest of Cong from 1795 until his death in 1829. He was the preserver of the Cross of Cong. After his death, the cross was bought by James MacCullagh for the Royal Irish Academy.^[2]

The first restoration of the abbey was started by Benjamin Guinness in 1855, soon after he had bought nearby Ashford Castle in 1852.^[1]

Architecture

The remains of Cong Abbey have been praised as featuring some of the finest examples of early gothic architecture and masonry in Ireland.^[1] The present church, and possibly the fragmentary cloister where the monks worked and prayed, belong to the rebuilding of the early 13th century.^[2] The north doorway of the church, and the elaborate doorways that open onto the cloister from the east range of the monastery, may pre-date the attack by William de Burgo. The doorway with two fine windows on either side belongs to the chapter house, where the monastery's daily business was conducted as well as a chapter of the rule being read each day. This was also where the community gathered to confess their sins publicly. The sculpture in the abbey, which is some of the finest in Ireland, suggests links to French styles of the period.^{[citation needed]}

The grounds of the abbey also contain a monks' fishing house, probably built in the 15th or 16th century,^{[citation needed]} on an island in the River Cong leading towards nearby Lough Corrib. The house is built on a platform of stones over a small arch which allows the river to flow underneath the floor. There is a trapdoor in the floor in which the fish may have been kept fresh. According to local tradition, a line was connected from the fishing house to the monastery kitchen to alert the cook to fresh fish.^[2]

Today

Cong Abbey is a national monument in the care of the Commissioners for Public Works.

Gallery

The North doorway
Cong Abbey cloisters
Monks' Fishing House
Monks' Fishing House Closeup
Doorway in Cong Abbey grounds with carving of Rory O’Connor
Closeup of stone carving of Rory O’Connor

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Cong Abbey". Cong Tourism. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Irish Tourist Association Survey of 1945: Cong Abbey" (PDF). Mayo County Library. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
^ ^a ^b Robert, Scott (2017). Around and About Cong. Cong: Kinlough Press. p. 11.
^ Sir W. Wilde Lough Corrib, p. 181.
^ "Annals of the Four Masters at Corpus of Electronic Texts (CELT)". UCC. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
^ Stokes, Margaret. Early Christian Art in Ireland. Part 1. London: Chapman and Hall Limited, 1887–1894