You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish. (March 2017) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Spanish article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Wikipedia article at [[:es:Partido Comunista de Bolivia]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|es|Partido Comunista de Bolivia}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

The Communist Party of Bolivia (Spanish: Partido Comunista de Bolivia) is a communist party in Bolivia. It was founded in 1950 by Raúl Ruiz González and other former members of the Revolutionary Left Party (PIR). It remained small and did not hold its first national party congress until 1959.

It soon entered the labor movement and was included in the leadership of the Central Obrera Boliviana and the FSTMB during the 1960s. However, it remained a minority force in most unions. The Sino-Soviet split further weakened the PCB. In 1964, Ruiz González and others broke away to form the pro-China Communist Party of Bolivia (Marxist–Leninist).

At the time, the U.S. State Department estimated the party membership to be approximately 6,500.^[3]

In 1966, the Cuban-based revolutionary Che Guevara planned to initiate a guerrilla war against René Barrientos, Bolivia's military dictator. The PCB initially pledged its support, but became suspicious of Guevara when he arrived. The party did not participate in Guevara's campaign. Instead, Guevara formed a separate organization, the National Liberation Army (Ejército de Liberación Nacional).

When democracy was restored in Bolivia in the 1980s, the PCB remained a minor party. In 2003 it lost its designation as a recognized political party.^{[citation needed]}

The PCB publishes Unidad (Unity).

As of 2019, Ignacio Mendoza served as the first secretary of the party.^[4]

• Simón Reyes Rivera (1950–c. 1967)
• Mario Monje Molina, nicknamed "Estanislao" (c. 1967–c. 1970)
• Jorge Kolle Cueto (c. 1970–1981)
• Marcos Domich Ruiz (1985–2003)
• Ignacio Mendoza Pizarro (2003–2008)