The landscape consists of two distinct parts. Towards the south the district is hilly and mostly forested, in the north it is flatter and deforested. The territory extends into five geomorphological mesoregions: Iron Mountains (most of the territory), Svitavy Uplands (north), Central Elbe Table (a small part in the west), Upper Sázava Hills (a small part in the west) and East Elbe Table (a small part in the northeast). The highest point of the district is the hill Karlštejn in Svratouch with an elevation of 784 m (2,572 ft), the lowest point is the river bed of the Chrudimka in Úhřetice at 230 m (750 ft).
From the total district area of 992.9 km2 (383.4 sq mi), agricultural land occupies 602.1 km2 (232.5 sq mi), forests occupy 288.1 km2 (111.2 sq mi), and water area occupies 15.4 km2 (5.9 sq mi). Forests cover 29.0% of the district's area.[1]
The most important river is the Chrudimka, which flows across the district from south to north. The Doubrava crosses the district in the west. The largest body of water is Seč Reservoir with an area of 220 ha (540 acres).
With the exception of a short section of the D35 motorway in the northernmost part of the district, there are no other motorways. The most important road is the I/37 road from Pardubice to Ždírec nad Doubravou.
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