The Champaign–Urbana Mass Transit District (colloquially known as the MTD) is a mass transit system that operates in the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area in central-eastern Illinois. MTD is headquartered in Urbana and operates its primary hub at the intermodal Illinois Terminal in downtown Champaign. In 2023, the system had a ridership of 8,947,600, or about 32,700 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2024.
At the University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign, which lies within the District, all students pay a $59 transportation fee every semester in exchange for unlimited use of the bus services. Primarily funded by property taxes, MTD currently levies about 28 cents of property taxes per $100 of assessed valuation; bus fares are another primary source of funding. MTD is led by a seven-member Board of Trustees, who are appointed by the Champaign County Board. Buses are produced by the Canadian company New Flyer and the American company Gillig. MTD introduced hybrid buses to its fleet in Fall 2009, and currently the vast majority of its buses are hybrid. Minibuses used for paratransit service, SafeRides service, and (occasionally) fixed route service, are cutaway vans with a Ford E series chassis.
Public transit before the MTD
In 1854, the first rail lines in the region were laid 2 miles west of Urbana by the Illinois Central Railroad. The city of Urbana initially wanted nothing to do with the new railroad economy, so a new city, originally named West Urbana, was created to help serve the needs of the railroad. In 1860 West Urbana was renamed Champaign, and subsequently developed into an important railroad town. The station served as a stopover on the way from New Orleans to Chicago, and vice versa. In 1909 this was expanded to also include service from Chicago to Jacksonville, Florida.
The first trolley service in the area was established in 1863, when the Urbana Railroad Company was created to link Urbana and Champaign. These first trolleys were drawn by horses or mules. By 1890, work had begun on an electrified trolley system under the auspices of William B. McKinley. At its peak, this system had as many as 20 routes, including a nighttime "Owl Service" linking Champaign and Urbana.
Interurban streetcar service was also supplied to the area (and indeed to much of Illinois) by the Illinois Terminal Railroad Company, another brainchild of William McKinley. McKinley's scheme of selling electricity from the interurban system to the surrounding towns led to the founding of the Illinois Power and Light Company.
In 1901, the Illinois Motor Transit Company introduced a city bus system to the region, but they went bankrupt within the year. However, the inability of the trolley system to lay enough track to fully serve the area prompted the 1925 addition of another bus system by National City Bus Lines, a subsidiary of General Motors. In 1936, as was happening in other places across the nation, National City Bus Lines purchased the trolley system from the Illinois Power and Light Company and dismantled it. The last trolley operated on 10 November 1936. Within one month bus lines had become the dominant form of transportation in the city under the new name "Champaign–Urbana City Lines."
Ridership on the Champaign–Urbana City Lines was high, reaching 1 million passengers served in 1958. Like most of America however, buses in Champaign–Urbana became less popular with the advent of affordable automobiles. On November 17, 1970, P.E. Cherry, the manager of Champaign–Urbana City Lines, published an article in the Courier stating that declining ridership, aging buses, and a rising deficit would force the line to close. The Illinois Commerce Commission conducted a hearing on the petition to close the city lines and suggested that rather than close the lines, a referendum should be drafted to create a mass transit district.
History of the modern MTD
On November 24, 1970, a mere week after the lines looked to be closing, the referendum was approved and Thomas Evans was appointed the director of the new mass transit district. The new MTD began operation on August 2, 1971, for a fee of $0.30 per ride with free transfers on buses which allowed one to navigate the area using several different bus lines. On May 13, 1971, a federal grant was procured to help this both fledgling and historic transit district rework its fleet of buses, purchasing fifteen new buses and ten used buses from Peoria, Illinois. In 1973, the MTD expanded its routes to include the university, offering routes around the university and to the graduate housing complex. Fees for University students were at a reduced rate, paying only $0.10 per ride, or purchasing a $20 semester pass for unlimited rides.
In 1984, MTD received national recognition when it was chosen as the 7th best transportation system in America, outranking the systems provided by many larger cities across the country.[5] In 1986 and 1994, it was the recipient of the American Public Transit Association's Outstanding Achievement Award.[6]
In 1993, MTD introduced low-floor buses to its fleet with an order of 15 New Flyer D40LF buses. MTD was one of the first transit agencies in the United States to introduce low-floor buses.
In 1994, MTD introduced articulated buses to its fleet, by purchasing 13 second-hand Crown-Ikarus 286 buses from Transit Authority of River City of Louisville, Kentucky. These buses were replaced by newly purchased New Flyer D60LF articulated buses in 2001-2002.
In 1999, Illinois Terminal was created in downtown Champaign which serves as both a transit hub for the MTD and a connection between the MTD, Amtrak and intercity bus lines.
In 2001, MTD purchased its first new articulated buses, with an order of 12 New Flyer D60LF buses (retired in 2023). In 2009, MTD introduced hybrid electric buses with the introduction of five Gillig BRT 30' midibuses (retired in 2021) and four New Flyer DE60LFR articulated buses (retired in 2024).
In fall 2021, MTD introduced hydrogen fuel cell buses to its fleet, with two New Flyer XHE60 articulated buses. This represents the first commercial order for articulated hydrogen buses in the United States. This was followed up by a purchase of ten rigid New Flyer XHE40 hydrogen fuel cell buses in 2023, which are currently being delivered in 2024.
Today the MTD provides over 11 million rides per year.[7] The current one-way bus fare is $1. Transfers are free and may be used to connect with another route at transfer points to complete a one-way trip. An annual bus pass can be purchased for $60. The annual pass allows unlimited rides. An all-day pass, good for either Saturday or Sunday, can be bought for $2.[8] All University of Illinois students, faculty, and staff have unlimited access to all routes and services.
Fatal accidents
Prior to 2004, MTD never had an accident involving a fatality. Since 2004, there have been two fatal accidents involving pedestrians and MTD buses. Both cases involved University of Illinois students on campus:
October 27, 2004: Carolyn B. Jeffers, a pedestrian, was struck and killed by a 26 Pack bus at the intersection of S Goodwin Ave and Gregory Dr, Urbana.
September 29, 2005: Sarah Channick, a pedestrian, was struck and killed by a 22 Illini bus at the intersection of S 6th St and E Chalmers St, Champaign. The Channick family sued MTD; the lawsuit was eventually settled for $1.25 million.[9]
After Channick's death, the governments of Champaign and Urbana, the University of Illinois, and MTD conducted the Campus Area Transportation Study (commonly referred to as "CATS"), which made specific recommendations to improve bus safety on campus. As of December 2011, two of three proposed phases had been implemented.[10][11]
Bold – Main portion of route
Hopper interval – Including regular service, for example, 30 minute of yellow and 10 minute of YELLOWHopper means the first 10 and 20 buses are YELLOWhopper and then 30 bus is yellow. Weekday Daytime Routes
Route
Terminals
Major streets traveled
Interval
North/West
South/East
1
Yellow
Wal-Mart Champaign
↔
Research Park
Town Center Blvd via Market Place
Market St
Bradley Ave
Randolph St (northbound) / State St (southbound)
White St via Illinois Terminal
Wright St via Transit Plaza
Gregory Dr
First St
Fox Dr, Lyndhurst Dr
Woodfield Dr via Savoy Plaza
30 minutes
Illinois Terminal
Willard Airport
YELLOWHopper
Illinois Terminal
↔
Lot E-14
10 minutes (Northbound before 3:00pm and southbound after 2:30pm)
Every other bus terminates at either lot E-14 or Research Park.
20 minutes (Other)
Terminates only at Research Park
2
Red
Market Place
↔
Lincoln Square
Neil St
Main St via Illinois Terminal
White St
Green St via Illini Union
Goodwin Ave via south Urbana
Philo Rd via Meijer Urbana and Sunnycrest
Cottage Grove Ave
30 minutes
Red Express
↔
Illini Union
1 hour: 2–5pm
U of I days
Does not serve Market Place
3
Lavender
Walmart Champaign
↔
Illinois Terminal
Boardwalk Dr (northbound) / Prospect Ave (southbound)
Anthony Dr, Queens Way
Mattis Ave, Paula Dr, Bloomington Rd
Harris Ave, Vine St
Randolph St (northbound) / State St (southbound)
Main St via Illinois Terminal
30 minutes
4
Blue
Country Fair
↔
Illinois Terminal
Crescent Dr, Mattis Ave
John St
Randolph St (westbound) / State St (westbound)
Stadium Dr, Peabody Dr
Wright St via Transit Plaza
University Ave
30 minutes
5
Green
Maplepark Dr & Lawndale Dr
↔
Main St & Brady Ln
Kenwood Td, Westfield Dr (westbound)
Maplepark Dr, John St (eastbound)
Springfield Ave via Country Fair
Randolph St (westbound) / State St (westbound)
Neil St via Illinois Terminal
Green St via Illini Union
Vine St via Lincoln Square
Fairlawn Dr, Pennsylvania Ave
Florida Ave via Sunnycrest
Kinch St, Country Squire Dr
Lierman Ave, Main St
Brady Ln, Washington St
30 minutes
Buses operate in Washington St & Lierman Ave Loop as follow:
Before noon, clockwise
After noon, counterclockwise
GREENhopper
State St & John St
↔
Washington St & Lierman Ave
15 minutes
U of I days
5X
Green Express
Curtis Rd & Wynstone Dr
↔
Sixth St & Pennsylvania Ave
Cherry Hills Dr, Maynard Dr
Kirby Ave, Kenwood Rd
Springfield Ave via Country Fair
Nail St
Green St via Illini Union
Goodwin Ave
Gregory via Main Library
Fourth St
Does not serve Illinois Terminal
Limited Service
eastbound am-trips (6:30–8:30am)
westbound pm-trips (2:20–5:30pm)
6
Orange
Country Fair or Plastipak
↔
Wal-Mart Urbana
Springfield Ave via Country Fair
Country Fair Dr
Church St (westbound) / West University Ave (eastbound)
East University Ave via Illinois Terminal
Park St, Church St
Broadway Ave via Lincoln Square
Main St via Urbana post office and Wal-Mart Urbana
30 minutes
Only the first and last two trip serve Plastipak.
ORANGEhopper
Illinois Terminal
↔
Lincoln Square
15 minutes
7
Grey
Parkland College
↔
Dodson East Dr & Slayback Rd or Lierman Ave & Butzow Dr
Bradley Ave, Williamsburg Dr
McKinley Ave, Prospect Ave
Church St (westbound) / University (eastbound) via Illinois Terminal
Second St, Fifth St
Romine St, Wright St
Park St, Fairview Ave, Church St
Broadway Ave, Vine St via Lincoln Square
University Ave via Champaign–Urbana Mass Transit District
30 minutes
Only before 9am and after 2:30pm, buses serve Slayback Rd and do not serve Butzow Dr.
Other times, buses terminate at Lierman Ave & Butzow Dr.
8
Bronze
Transit Plaza
↔
Lincoln Square
Westbound
Pennsylvania Ave
Fourth St
Wright St via Transit Plaza
Eastbound
Goodwin Ave via Illini Union
Orchard St
Vine St
Race St
40–60 minutes
9A
Brown
Parkland College
via
Clockwise
Illinois Terminal Transit Plaza Country Fair
Bradley Ave
State St via Illinois Terminal
White St
Wright St via Transit Plaza
St Mary's Rd, Fox Dr, Devonshire Dr
Galen Dr
Windsor Rd
Winchester Dr, Crescent Dr via Country Fair
Duncan Rd, Clayton Blvd
30 minutes
9B
via
Counterclockwise
Country Fair Transit Plaza Illinois Terminal
10
Gold
Broadmoor Dr & Mayfair Rd
↔
Lincoln Square
Mattis Ave
Kirby Ave
First St via Lot E-14
Gregory Dr via Main Library
Goodwin Ave
Springfield Ave via Lincoln Square
Broadway Ave
Brownfield Rd
High Cross Rd
30 minutes
Before 11am buses operate counterclockwise to Richardson Estates.
At noon buses terminate at Cunningham Ave.
After 2pm buses operate clockwise to Richardson Estates.
Lot E-14
↔
Richardson Estates or Cunningham Ave
GOLDhopper
Lot E-14
↔
Lincoln Square
10 minutes
11
Ruby
Lincoln Square Courthouse
↔
Airport & Cunningham
Cunningham & Perkins
Willow & Beason (Northbound) / Liberty & Jefferson (Southbound)
Randolph St (westbound) / State St (westbound)
40 minutes (Limited service)
12
Teal
Illinois Terminal
↔
FAR-PAR or Orchard Downs
White St
Green St via Illini Union
Goodwin Ave via FAR-PAR
Orchard St
10 minutes
U of I days
Every other bus terminates at either PAR or Orchard Downs.
Teal Limited
↔
Orchard Downs
20 minutes
Non U of I days
13
Silver
Lincoln Square
↔
FAR-PAR or Vet-Med
Springfield Ave
Green St via Illini Union
Wright St via Transit Plaza
Gregory Dr via Main Library and FAR-PAR
Lincoln Ave
10 minutes (U of I days)
20 minutes (Non U of I days)
14
Navy
Mullikin Dr & Kirby Ave or Lot E-14
↔
Illinois Terminal
Mullikin Dr
Windsor Rd
Fox Dr, St Mary's Rd via Lot E-14
First St
This is a limited service which consists of
50–60 minutes (to/from Mullikin Dr)
4 eastbound am-trips (7-9am,9:22am)
3 westbound pm-trips (4-6pm)
20 minutes (from Lot E-14)
5 eastbound am-trips (7:20, 7:45–9:05am)
16
Pink
Village at the Crossing
↔
Fieldstone at Horizon Hobby or Country Fair
Stephens Family YMCA
Kirby and Cobblefield
30 minutes (Fieldstone at Horizon Hobby) or 45 minutes (Country Fair)
3 northbound trips terminate at Country Fair (2 in the morning, 1 in the evening)
3 southbound trips start at Country Fair (all in the morning)
All other trips run to and from Fieldstone at Horizon Hobby
22
Illini
North Lincoln
↔
FAR-PAR
North Lincoln Ave
North Goodwin Ave via Engineer
Green St via Illini Union
Wright St via Transit Plaza
Armory Ave (northbound) / Chalmers St (southbound)
First St via ARC
Gregory Dr via Main Library
South Goodwin Ave via ISR
South Lincoln Ave
10 minutes
U of I days
Illini Limited
↔
Transit Plaza
30 minutes
Non U of I days
Weekday Evening Routes
Route
Terminals
Major streets traveled
Interval
North/West
South/East
50
Green
Parkland College
↔
Orchard Downs
Bradley Ave, Country Fair Dr
Springfield Ave via Country Fair
Randolph St (westbound) / State St (westbound)
Nail St via Illinois Terminal
Green St via Illini Union
Vine St via Lincoln Square
Fairlawn Dr, Pennsylvania Ave
Florida Ave via Sunnycrest
Philo Rd via Meijer Urbana
Windsor Rd
Orchard Downs Dr
30 minutes
GREENhopper
Prospect Ave & John St
↔
Colorado Ave & PhiloRd
15 minutes
U of I days
70
Grey
Parkland College
↔
Lincoln Square
Bradley Ave, Bloomington Rd
Randolph St (northbound) / State St (southbound)
Main St via Illinois Terminal
Second St, Fifth St
Rommie St, Wright St
Park St, Fairview Ave, Church St
Broadway St, Vine St
30 minutes
100
Yellow
Wal-Mart Champaign
↔
Willard Airport
Town Center Blvd via Market Place
Market St
Bradley Ave, Columbia Ave'
Main St via Illinois Terminal
White St
Wright St via Transit Plaza
Gregory Dr, Hessel St
State St, First St
Woodfield Dr via Savoy Plaza
30 minutes
120
Teal
Illinois Terminal
↔
Orchard Downs
Refer 12 Teal
20 minutes
130
Silver
Lincoln Square
↔
FAR-PAR or Vet-Med
Refer 13 Silver
20 minutes
U of I days
Every other bus terminates at either PAR or Vet-Med.
Wal-Mart Champaign or Illinois Terminal (after 3am)
↔
Lot E-14
Refer 100 Yellow
Does not serve Market Place
30 minutes (until 3am except Friday night 5am)
120
Teal
Illinois Terminal
↔
Orchard Downs
Refer 12 Teal
20 minutes (until 3am)
130
Silver
Lincoln Square
↔
FAR-PAR
Refer 13 Silver
20 minutes (until 3am except Friday night 5am)
220
Illini
North Lincoln
↔
FAR-PAR
Refer 22 Illini
10 minutes (until 3am except Friday night 5am)
335
SafeRides
until 6:30am
Saturday Daytime Routes
Route
Terminals
Major streets traveled
Interval
North/West
South/East
20
Red
Wal-Mart Champaign
↔
Sunnycrest
Refer 2 Red
Does not serve south Urbana and Meijer Urbana
30 minutes
30
Lavender
Meijer Champaign
↔
Illinois Terminal
Refer 3 Lavender
Does not serve Harris Ave, Vine St, Randolph St, and State St
Serves Prospect Ave and Church St (northbound) / University Ave (southbound)
30 minutes
50
Green
Country Fair
↔
Orchard Downs
Refer 50 Green
30 minutes
70
Grey
Country Fair
↔
Lincoln Square
Refer 70 Grey
Does not serve Parkland College
30 minutes
100
Yellow
Wal-Mart Champaign
↔
Willard Airport
Refer 100 Yellow
30 minutes
110
Ruby
University & Cottage Grove
↔
Airport & Cunningham
Lincoln Square
Cunningham & Perkins
Willow & Beason (Northbound) / Brownfield & Columbia (Southbound)
1 hour
120
Teal
Illinois Terminal
↔
Orchard Downs
Refer 12 Teal
20 minutes
130
Silver
Lincoln Square
↔
FAR-PAR or Vet-Med
Refer 13 Silver
20 minutes
U of I days
Two buses (:40 and :00 at FAR) terminate at Vet-Med. Others terminate at PAR.
Silver Limited
↔
Transit Plaza
20 minutes
Non U of I days
180A
Lime
Country Fair
via
Clockwise
Refer 180 Lime
30 minutes
180B
via
Counterclockwise
220
Illini Limited
North Lincoln
↔
Transit Plaza
Refer 22 Illini
30 minutes
280
tranSPORT
U of I Campus
↔
Memorial Stadium
Goodwin Ave
Gregory Dr
Fourth St
Runs before and after home football games
Sunday Daytime & Late Night Routes
30 Lavender
50 Green
70 Grey
100 Yellow
110 Ruby
120 Teal
130 Silver
180 Lime A
180 Lime B
220 Illini
335 SafeRides (flex service)
Bus fleet
[12]
MTD's fixed route fleet consists entirely of buses manufactured by New Flyer Industries. Articulated buses were historically used primarily on routes 12 Teal, 13 Silver and 22 Illini on school days, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic they are now used system-wide to promote social distancing. MTD formerly operated midibuses produced by Gillig and Eldorado National, but they were retired in 2021 and 2017, respectively. MTD also operated Ford E450 and RAM 3500 shuttle buses for SafeRide on campus and ADA services.
Image
Builder and model name
Model year
Length
Numbers (Total ordered)
Energy source
Notes
New Flyer DE40LFR
2011
40 ft (12 m)
1162–1197 (36 buses)
Diesel-Electric Hybrid
Feature optional roof fairing
Feature Allison EP40 parallel hybrid system.
Last New Flyer DE40LFR buses ever built
1175 features green and yellow livery (same as New Flyer DE60LFRs and Gillig BRTs).