The Cerebral Palsy Games (or CP Games) are a multi-sport competition for athletes with a disability, which under the former name of the International Stoke Mandeville Games were the forerunner of the Paralympic Games. The competition has been formerly known as the International Cerebral Palsy Games or the Stoke Mandeville Games. Since the 1990s the Games have been organized by Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA), so they called also CPISRA World Games.
History
The Games were originally held in 1976 by neurologist Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who organized a sporting competition involving World War II veterans with spinal cord injuries at the Stoke Mandeville Hospital rehabilitation facility in Aylesbury, England, taking place concurrently with the first post-war Summer Olympics in London. In 1952, the Netherlands joined in the event, creating the first international sports competition for disabled people. In 1960, the Ninth Stoke Mandeville Games were held in Rome, Italy, following that year's Olympic Games. These are considered to be the first Paralympic Games.[1][2] The 2012 Paralympic mascotMandeville was named after Stoke Mandeville Hospital.[3]
While the Paralympic Games evolved to include athletes from all disability groups, the Stoke Mandeville games continued to be organized as a multi-sport event for wheelchair athletes. Games were held annually in Aylesbury under the direction of the International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMGF), which became the International Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Sports Federation (ISMWSF).
^"An Overview: 1969–1978". cpisra.org. 11 September 2016. Archived from the original on 25 March 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^"CP-ISRA MEETING SCHEDULES 2000". cpisra.org. 7 March 2001. Archived from the original on 2 March 2000. Retrieved 19 September 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^"CP-ISRA World Games 2001". cpisra.org. 17 December 2001. Archived from the original on 17 December 2001. Retrieved 19 September 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^"2005 CP-ISRA World Championships". nationalsportsfestival.org. 18 December 2006. Archived from the original on 18 December 2005. Retrieved 5 November 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^"2005 CP-ISRA World Championships". ndsaonline.org. 3 March 2005. Archived from the original on 17 July 2005. Retrieved 5 November 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^"CP-ISRA World Games 2015". cpsport.org. 3 May 2016. Archived from the original on 3 May 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
