Cellular democracy

As developed by geolibertarian political economist Fred E. Foldvary, cellular democracy is a model of democracy based on multi-level bottom-up structures in either small neighborhood governmental districts or contractual communities.

Councils

In cellular democracy, a jurisdiction such as a county or city is divided into neighborhood districts with a population of about 500 people, with about 100 to 200 households. The voters in the district would elect a council. The small size of districts would allow for more informed voters at a smaller cost. Representatives, plus one alternate, would be elected to the council. This would be a "level-1 counneighborhood districts would then vote for a "level-2 council". Each level-1 council elects a regular representative and an alternate to the level-2 council from its own regular membership.

A further region containing several level-2 councils would comprise a level-3 council, each level-2 council again electing a regular and an alternate representative to level 3. The level-2 representative sent up to the level-3 council would be replaced by his or her alternative.

The hierarchy would continue indefinitely, depending on the size of the state, or even expanding worldwide.

Secession

Councils could 'secede', creating a new branch of councils that would be incorporated back into the system.

Taxation

Each level 1 council would be able to select its source of revenue. Property taxes would be likely, and Foldvary favors the land value tax as the most effijustunintrusive option. Every council above council-1 gets its money from the council below it.

See also

References

  • Foldvary, F. E. (1997). "Democracy Needs Reforming".
  • Fred E. Foldvary. (1999). "Recalculating Consent.".
  • Foldvary, Fred E. (2002). "Small-Group, Multi-Level Democracy: Implications of Austrian Public Choice for Governance Structure" (PDF). The Review of Austrian Economics. 15 (2–3): 161–174. doi:10.1023/A:1015762504055. S2CID 56220327.
  • Fred E. Foldvary. (2008). Small-Group, Multi-Level Bottom-UP Democracy [1][permanent dead link‍].
  • "Ward Republic"

Read other articles:

Castello del Matese

Castello del MateseKomuneComune di Castello del MateseLokasi Castello del Matese di Provinsi CasertaNegara ItaliaWilayah CampaniaProvinsiCaserta (CE)Luas[1] • Total21,77 km2 (8,41 sq mi)Ketinggian[2]476 m (1,562 ft)Populasi (2016)[3] • Total1.509 • Kepadatan69/km2 (180/sq mi)Zona waktuUTC+1 (CET) • Musim panas (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)Kode pos81016Kode area telepon0823Situs webhttp://www.pa...

 

 

Daftar stasiun televisi di Sumatera Barat

Berikut ini adalah daftar stasiun televisi di Sumatera Barat. Catatan: Kecuali pada stasiun tertentu, nama-nama stasiun swasta yang berjaringan dalam artikel ini secara umum ditulis dalam format [Nama jaringan] [Nama kota/kabupaten]. Nama-nama tersebut belum tentu benar, bila ada kesalahan mohon untuk menyunting bagian ini. Terestrial Digital Sumatera Barat-1 Stasiun digital (DVB-T2) meliputi Kota Padang, Kota Pariaman, Kota Bukittinggi, Kota Padang Panjang, Kota Solok, Kota Sawahlunto, Kabup...

 

 

The Hunchback (play)

1832 play The HunchbackWritten byJames Sheridan KnowlesDate premiered5 April 1832Place premieredTheatre Royal, Covent Garden, LondonOriginal languageEnglishGenreComedySettingEngland, present day The Hunchback is an 1832 comedy play by the Irish writer James Sheridan Knowles. Knowles wrote it in the wake of the disastrous reception of his previous comedy The Beggar's Daughter of Bethnal Green in 1828. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London's West End on 5 April 1832.[1&...

Simon M. Hamlin

American politician Simon M. HamlinMember of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Maine's 1st districtIn officeJanuary 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937Preceded byCarroll L. BeedySucceeded byJames C. Oliver Personal detailsBornSimon Moulton Hamlin(1866-08-10)August 10, 1866Standish, Maine, USDiedJuly 27, 1939(1939-07-27) (aged 72)South Portland, Maine, USResting placeHamlin Cemetery, Standish (Richville), MainePolitical partyDemocratic Simon Moulton Hamlin (August 10, 186...

 

 

Mokelumne Wilderness

Protected wilderness area in California, United States Mokelumne WildernessIUCN category Ib (wilderness area)Round Top Peak in the Mokelumne WildernessMap of the United StatesLocationSierra Nevada Mountain Range, Alpine / Amador / Calaveras counties, California, United StatesNearest citySouth Lake Tahoe, California (north), Markleeville, California (east)Coordinates38°35′00″N 119°58′43″W / 38.58333°N 119.97861°W / 38.58333; -119.97861Area105,165 acres ...

 

 

Come Out and Play (The Offspring song)

1994 single by the Offspring Come Out and PlaySingle by the Offspringfrom the album Smash B-sideSessionCome Out and Play (acoustic)ReleasedMarch 10, 1994Recorded1994GenrePunk rock[1][2]Length3:17LabelEpitaphSongwriter(s)Dexter HollandProducer(s)Thom WilsonThe Offspring singles chronology I'll Be Waiting (1986) Come Out and Play (1994) Self Esteem (1994) Come Out and Play (sometimes subtitled Keep 'Em Separated)[3] is a 1994 song by the American punk rock band the Offsp...

Priestess of Hathor

Priestess of Hathor or Prophetess of Hathor was the title of the Priestess of the goddess Hathor in the Temple of Dendera in Ancient Egypt.[1] Title The title is known to be given during the Old Kingdom of Egypt, and was at that point very powerful and prestigious. The mummies of the priestesses testify that they were decorated with a religious tattoo, covering the stomach around the area of the uterus.[2] After the Middle Kingdom of Egypt, the title was often irregularly awar...

 

 

Allsvenskan 2016

Allsvenskan 2016 Competizione Allsvenskan Sport Calcio Edizione 92ª Organizzatore SvFF Date dal 2 aprile 2016al 6 novembre 2016 Luogo  Svezia Partecipanti 16 Risultati Vincitore  Malmö FF(19º titolo) Secondo  AIK Retrocessioni  Helsingborg Gefle Falkenberg Statistiche Miglior marcatore John Owoeri (17) Cronologia della competizione 2015 2017 Manuale AIK,Djurgården,Hammarby Elfsborg Falkenberg Gefle GIF Sundsvall Helsingborg Kalmar Malmö Norrkö...

 

 

Daftar kecamatan dan kelurahan di Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan

Peta Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan di Sulawesi Selatan Berikut adalah daftar kecamatan dan kelurahan di Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan terdiri dari 13 kecamatan, 38 kelurahan, dan 65 desa. Pada tahun 2017, kabupaten ini memiliki luas wilayah 1.132,08 km² dan jumlah penduduk sebesar 361.636 jiwa dengan sebaran penduduk 319 jiwa/km².[1][2] Daftar kecamatan dan kelurahan di Kabupaten Pangkajene d...

Fly, Robin, Fly

1975 single by Silver ConventionFly, Robin, FlyArtwork for German and Yugoslavian vinyl singleSingle by Silver Conventionfrom the album Save Me B-sideTiger BabyI Like ItReleased1975GenreDisco[1]Euro disco[2]pop[3]Length3:50 (single version)5:32 (album version)LabelJupiterMidland InternationalSongwriter(s)Sylvester LevayStephan PragerProducer(s)Stephan PragerSilver Convention singles chronology Always Another Girl (1975) Fly, Robin, Fly (1975) Get Up and Boogie (1976) ...

 

 

Infrared photography

Near-infrared imaging Alternativephotography Bleach bypass Bromoil process Cross processing Cyanotype Double exposure Gum bichromate Infrared Oil print process Pinhole Platinum process Polaroid art Redscale Sprocket hole Through the Viewfinder Ultraviolet vte Top: tree photographed in the near infrared range. Bottom: same tree in the visible part of the spectrum. Infrared image of the Mississippi River crossed by a bridge and a dam, between red foliage on left, and blue parking lots and build...

 

 

Чайки

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Чайки (значения). Чайки Доминиканская чайкаЗападная чайкаКалифорнийская чайкаМорская чайка Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:Вторич...

Neobatrachia

Neobatrachia Обыкновенная квакша Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКласс:ЗемноводныеПодкласс:Б�...

 

 

Massachusetts House of Representatives' 29th Middlesex district

American legislative district Map of Massachusetts House of Representatives' 29th Middlesex district, based on the 2010 United States census. Massachusetts House of Representatives' 29th Middlesex district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of Cambridge and part of Watertown in Middlesex County.[1][2] Since 2021, Steven Owens of the Democratic Party has represented the district...

 

 

Pikachu

Para la mascota virtual sobre el mismo personaje, véase Pokémon Pikachu. Pikachu Pokédex NacionalArbok - Pikachu (#025) - RaichuPokédex JohtoPichu - Pikachu (#022) - RaichuPokédex HoennPichu - Pikachu (#156) - RaichuPokédex SinnohNing - Pikachu (#104) - RaichuPokédex Kalos CentroPichu - Pikachu (#036) - RaichuPokédex AlolaPichu - Pikachu (#025) - Raichu N. japonés ピカチュウ (Pikachu)Etapa 2.ª evoluciónPreevolución PichuEvolución RaichuGeneración PrimeraEspecie Pokémon ra...

J-pop

Japanese popular music genre Japanese popular music redirects here. For Japanese popular culture, see Japanese popular culture. J-popStylistic originsPopgroup soundscrossoverEurobeat[1]Cultural originsNominally 1980s–early 1990s Japan; Roots traced to the 1960s–1970sDerivative formsJapanese hip hopJ-Euroanime songSubgenresCity popFusion genresKawaii metalRegional scenesShibuya-keiOther topicsEnkaPara ParaSuper EurobeatJapanese rockVocaloid J-pop (ジェーポップ, j...

 

 

Flux (metallurgy)

Chemical used in metallurgy for cleaning or purifying molten metal This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (February 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Rosin used as flux for soldering A flux pen used for electronics rework Multicore solder containing flux Wire freshly coated with solder, held above molten rosin flux In metallurgy, a flu...

 

 

索娜姆·马利克

索娜姆·马利克出生2002年4月15日  （22歲）索尼帕特縣 職業业余摔跤手  索娜姆·马利克（Sonam Malik，2002年4月15日—），印度女子摔跤运动员，2023年亚洲摔跤锦标赛女子自由式62公斤级铜牌得主、2022年亚洲运动会女子自由式62公斤级铜牌得主。[1] 参考资料 ^ International Wrestling Database. [2023-10-13]. （原始内容存档于2023-10-16）. 

Look Around You

Television comedy series This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (April 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Look Around YouLook Around You Series 1 logoGenre Comedy parody Created by Robert Popper Peter Serafinowicz Written by Robert Popper Peter Serafinowicz Directed byTim KirkbyStarring Peter Serafinowicz Robert Popper Olivia ...

 

 

Arturo Frei Bolívar

Chilean politician (1939–2022) In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Frei and the second or maternal family name is Bolívar. Arturo Frei BolívarMember of the Senate of ChileIn office11 March 1990–11 March 1998Succeeded byHosain SabagMember of the Chilean Chamber of Deputies for ConcepciónIn office1969–1973 Personal detailsBornErwin Arturo Frei Bolívar(1939-11-18)18 November 1939Santiago, ChileDiedJanuary 2022Political party Independent (since 1998) Christia...