Casa del Fascio

The Palazzo Littorio of Montevarchi
The former Casa del Fascio of Asciano
The former Casa Littoria in Bolzano, juxtaposed with a Hannah Arendt-quotation in 2017

A casa del Fascio, casa Littoria, or casa del Littorio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈkaːza del ˈfaʃʃo, ˈkaːsa -]) was a building housing the local branch of the National Fascist Party and later the Republican Fascist Party under the regime of Italian Fascism, in Italy and its colonies, and Malta.[1] In major urban centers, it was called the palazzo del Littorio or palazzo Littorio. Littorio means lictor, the bearer of the fasces lictorii, the symbol of Roman power adopted by the Fascist party.

History

There were about 11,000 case del Fascio in all. Around 5,000 buildings were constructed specifically as case del Fascio.[2] Many of them were designed by Italian rationalist architects[3] including Adalberto Libera, Saverio Muratori, Ludovico Quaroni, Giuseppe Samonà, and Giuseppe Terragni, but there were also historicist and modern architects.

The Case del Fascio became one of the central points of the new cities and new towns founded under the regime, along with the church and the town hall.

In smaller towns, existing buildings were bought or rented, sometimes unmodified, sometimes specially adapted.[4]

After World War II, the Case del Fascio were turned over to the Italian state under the provisions of Law 159 of July 27, 1944, "Sanctions against Fascism". Still today they often bear signs or emblems of the fascist regime. At present, only the Bolzano former Casa Littoria has been recontextualized, displaying from 2017 onwards a quote from Hannah Arendt placed over a monumental bas-relief with at its center Mussolini himself and publicly contradicting him.[5]

See also

Bibliography

  • L'architettura delle Case del Fascio nella Regione Lazio, a cura di Flavio Mangone e Andrea Soffitta, Alinea, Firenze, 2006

Notes

  1. ^ Stivala, Adrian M. (2001) (2001). "Cultura italiana e teatro a Malta nell'Ottocento e nel Novecento" (in Italian). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ "L'architettura delle Case del Fascio". 26 September 2009. Archived from the original on 2008-08-29.
  3. ^ Thake, Conrad (2011). "A Project for a 'Centro d'Italianità' in Malta". Melita Historica. XV (4). Malta Historical Society: 436–437. ISSN 1021-6952. OCLC 472457132. Archived from the original on 17 December 2016.
  4. ^ Mangione, Flavio (2003). Le case del Fascio - In Italia e nelle Terre d'Oltremare (in Italian). Rome: Ministero per i beni e le attività culturali - Pubblicazioni degli Archivi di Stato. pp. XVII, 153–491. ISBN 8871252209.
  5. ^ Obermair, Hannes (2017), "Monuments and the City—an almost inextricable entanglement", in Matthias Fink; et al. (eds.), 'Multiple Identitäten in einer "glokalen Welt"—Identità multiple in un "mondo glocale"—Multiple identities in a "glocal world", Bozen-Bolzano: Eurac Research, pp. 88–99, ISBN 978-88-98857-35-7

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