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Carol Heiss Jenkins
Carol Heiss Jenkins
	Carol Heiss in 1960
Born	January 20, 1940 (age 84); New York City, U.S.
Figure skating career
Country	United States
Skating club	Skating Club of New York
Retired	1960
Medal record
Representing the United States
Olympic Games
World Championships
North American Championships

Carol Elizabeth Heiss Jenkins (born January 20, 1940) is an American former figure skater and actress. Competing in ladies' singles, she became the 1960 Olympic champion, the 1956 Olympic silver medalist, and a five-time World champion (1956–1960).

Career

Competitive

Heiss, a daughter of German immigrants, started skating as a six-year-old in New York.^[2]^[3] She was coached by Pierre Brunet. She first came to national prominence in 1951, when she won the U.S. novice ladies' title, at age 11. She won the U.S. junior ladies' title in 1952 and then moved up to the senior level in 1953. From 1953 to 1956, she finished second to Tenley Albright at the national championships. She competed with a slashed Achilles' tendon at the 1954 U.S. Championships.^[4]

Heiss was named in the U.S. team to the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy. She won the silver medal, while Albright took the gold. However, at the following World Championships, in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, West Germany, Heiss defeated Albright for the title; it was the first of her five consecutive world titles.^[5]

After the 1956 Winter Olympics, Heiss had offers to turn professional and skate in ice shows. But her mother, Marie Heiss, was quite ill with cancer at the time, and before her death in October 1956, she asked Carol to win a gold medal for her. Between 1957 and 1960, Heiss dominated women's figure skating like nobody since Sonja Henie. She was the World and U.S. Champion each year, and at the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California, Heiss captured the gold medal, being ranked first by all nine judges. She also took the Olympic Oath as representative of the organizing country to open the 1960 games.^[6] By winning the 1960 World Championships held after the Olympics, Heiss became one of three women to have won five consecutive World Championships. She then retired from competitive skating.^[1]^[2]

In 1953, Heiss became the first female skater to land a double Axel jump. One of her trademarks was performing a series of alternating clockwise and counterclockwise single Axels.^[7] She normally rotated her jumps clockwise and spins counterclockwise; it is much more common for skaters to do both in the same direction (usually counterclockwise).

Heiss was inducted into the World Figure Skating Hall of Fame and the United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame.^[2]

Post-competitive

Heiss played the female lead in the 1961 film Snow White and the Three Stooges. In the late 1970s, she began coaching several skaters in Lakewood, Ohio. Her former students include Timothy Goebel, Tonia Kwiatkowski and Miki Ando.^[2]

Personal life

Carol Heiss was born on January 20, 1940, in New York City, and grew up in Ozone Park, Queens.^[1]^[2]^[3] Her younger sister and brother, Nancy Heiss and Bruce Heiss, were also elite figure skating competitors. During the 1950s, the three skating Heiss siblings were featured in publications such as Life magazine.^[8]

During her run of world titles, Heiss attended New York University, graduating after the 1960 Winter Olympics.^[9] In 1961, she married American figure skater Hayes Alan Jenkins, who had won the 1956 Olympic gold medal.^[1] They have three children together.^[10]

Results

International
Event	1953	1954	1955	1956	1957	1958	1959	1960
Winter Olympics				2nd				1st
World Championships	4th		2nd	1st	1st	1st	1st	1st
North American Champ.	2nd		2nd		1st		1st
National
U.S. Championships	2nd	2nd	2nd	2nd	1st	1st	1st	1st

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Carol Heiss". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on August 8, 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Carol Heiss Jenkins". usolympicteam.com. Archived from the original on May 28, 2006.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^ ^a ^b "Carol Heiss Gains 3d World Crown in Figure Skating; Ozone Park Girl Adds to Her Compulsory Phase Lead in Free-Style Exhibition". The New York Times. February 16, 1958. Retrieved November 11, 2007. Carol Heiss of Ozone Park, Queens, Miss Personality of the ice, skated off with her third world figure skating championship tonight with a perfectly-executed freestyle exhibition.
^ Elliott, Helene (January 7, 2002). "In Long Run, Little Things Remain". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 18, 2017. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
^ Hines, James R. (2006). Figure Skating: A History. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. p. xxv. ISBN 0-252-07286-3.
^ File:Carol Heiss 1960 oath.jpg
^ The United States Championships, Skating magazine, March 1960
^ "Heiss sibling photos". life.com. Archived from the original on March 12, 2021.
^ Hughes, Sarah (May 8, 2012). "Hughes blog: Gracious Heiss goes into NYU hall". IceNetwork.com. Archived from the original on May 8, 2012.
^ Reinhard, Katherine (January 8, 1998). "Heiss Jenkins Is Going For More Gold In 2002 * 1960 Olympic Titlist Hopes A Student Finishes First In Salt Lake City". The Morning Call. Archived from the original on August 8, 2017.