On 9 January 1939 he became an American citizen[5] and in that same year, assistant director of research at the U.S. Weather Bureau. His appointment as chair of the department of meteorology at the University of Chicago in 1940 began the period in which he turned his attention to large-scale atmospheric motions. He identified and characterized both the jet stream and Rossby waves in the atmosphere.[6]
During World War II, Rossby organized the training of military meteorologists, recruiting many of them to his Chicago department in the post-war years where he began adapting his mathematical description of atmospheric dynamics to weather forecasting by electronic computer, having started this activity in Sweden using BESK. In 1947 he became founding director of the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) in Stockholm, dividing his time between there, the University of Chicago and with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. After the war he visited an old friend Professor Hans Ertel in Berlin. Their cooperation led to the mathematical formulation of Rossby waves.[7][8][9]
Between 1954 and his death in Stockholm in 1957, he championed and developed the field of atmospheric chemistry. His contributions to meteorology were noted in the December 17, 1956, issue of Time magazine.[10] His portrait appeared on the cover of that issue, the first meteorologist on the cover of a major magazine.[11][12][13] During this period he considered the effect of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and its potential warming effect.[14][15]
Selected works
The layer of frictional influence in wind and ocean currents (Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) – 1935
Weather estimates from local aerological data: A preliminary report (Institute of Meteorology of the University of Chicago) – 1942
Kinematic and hydrostatic properties of certain long waves in the westerlies (Institute of Meteorology of the University of Chicago) – 1942
^"Carl-Gustaf Rossby". Sveriges meteorologiska och hydrologiska institut. 2 September 2011. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
^Paolo Cipollini (6 March 2000). "Rossby waves: what are they?". The National Oceanography Centre Southampton. Archived from the original on 1 December 2015. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
Bolin, Bert, ed. (January 1959). The Atmosphere and Sea in Motion, Scientific Contributions to the Rossby Memorial Volume. Rockefeller University Press.
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