Cape Reinga

Cape Reinga / Te Rerenga Wairua
Te Rerenga Wairua (Māori)
Cape
Cape Reinga is located in New Zealand
Cape Reinga
Cape Reinga
Coordinates: 34°25′44″S 172°40′50″E / 34.4288°S 172.6805°E / -34.4288; 172.6805
LocationNorthland, New Zealand
Offshore water bodiesTasman Sea
Native nameTe Rerenga Wairua (Māori)

Cape Reinga / Te Rerenga Wairua (/ˈreɪŋə/; sometimes spelled Rēinga, Māori: Te Rerenga Wairua)[1] is the northwestern most tip of the Aupōuri Peninsula, at the northern end of the North Island of New Zealand. Cape Reinga is more than 100 km north of the nearest small town of Kaitaia.

In Māori, Te Rerenga Wairua means the leaping-off place of spirits.[2] Reinga is the Māori word for underworld.[3] Both refer to the Māori belief that the cape is the point where the spirits of the dead enter the underworld.

Cape Reinga is a popular tourist site, with annual visitor numbers estimated at over 500,000 people.[4] Visitor numbers are growing by about five percent a year, and the increase is likely to become even more now that the road to the cape is fully sealed.[5]

Geography

The Tasman Sea (left) meets the Pacific Ocean (right).

Cape Reinga is generally considered the separation marker between the Tasman Sea to the west and the Pacific Ocean to the east. From the lighthouse it is possible to watch the tidal race, as the two seas clash to create unsettled waters just off the coast. The Māori refer to this as the meeting of Te Moana-a-Rehua, 'the sea of Rehua' with Te Tai-o-Whitirea, 'the sea of Whitirea', Rehua and Whitirea being a male and a female respectively.[2]

Cape Reinga Lighthouse
Cape Reinga lighthouse at sunset

The cape is often mistakenly thought of as being the northernmost point of the North Island, and thus, of mainland New Zealand. However, North Cape's Surville Cliffs, 30 km east of Cape Reinga are 3 km further north. Another headland just to the west of Cape Reinga is Cape Maria van Diemen, which was named by the Dutch explorer Abel Tasman during his journey in 1642 and thought of by him to be the northernmost point of the newly discovered country he named 'Staten Landt'.

Access

Cape Reinga is more than 100 km north of the nearest small town of Kaitaia. State Highway 1 extends all the way to the cape, but until 2010 was unsealed gravel road for the last 19 km.[6] Suitable vehicles can also travel much of the way via Ninety Mile Beach and Kauaeparaoa Stream (Te Paki Stream) stream bed.

The cape is also the northern terminus of the Te Araroa hiking trail.

Māori mythology

According to mythology, the spirits of the dead travel to Cape Reinga on their journey to the afterlife to leap off the headland and climb the roots of the 800-year-old pōhutukawa tree and descend to the underworld to return to their traditional homeland of Hawaiki, using the Te Ara Wairua, the 'Spirits' pathway'. At Cape Reinga they depart the mainland. They turn briefly at the Three Kings Islands for one last look back towards the land, then continue on their journey.[2]

A spring in the hillside, Te Waiora-a-Tāne (the 'Living waters of Tāne'), also played an important role in Māori ceremonial burials, representing a spiritual cleansing of the spirits, with water of the same name used in burial rites all over New Zealand. This significance lasted until the local population mostly converted to Christianity, and the spring was capped with a reservoir, with little protest from the mostly converted population of the area. However, the spring soon disappeared and only reappeared at the bottom of the cliff, making the reservoir useless.[2]

Restoration

The former metal road (actually State Highway 1) to Cape Reinga in 2005, sealing being finished in 2010. 'Metal road' is a local term for a gravel road.

In 2007 protests by Māori and increased tourist numbers led the Department of Conservation to announce that the public carpark and toilet facilities, which intrude on traditionally sacred ground, would be moved further away from the cape and extended, at a cost of NZ$6.5 million (for details, see external links below).[6] The road to the cape, one of the last stretches of State Highway 1, was sealed following three years of work and include extensive roadside revegetation with over 150,000 plants to prevent erosion.[5] In March 2009, the works on the visitor facilities were completed.[7]

Climate

Cape Reinga has a very mild oceanic climate (Cfb) with high precipitation and little temperature difference between the seasons.

Climate data for Cape Reinga (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 21.9
(71.4) 		22.9
(73.2) 		21.7
(71.1) 		19.9
(67.8) 		17.6
(63.7) 		15.5
(59.9) 		14.7
(58.5) 		14.8
(58.6) 		15.6
(60.1) 		16.9
(62.4) 		18.1
(64.6) 		20.1
(68.2) 		18.3
(65.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 18.9
(66.0) 		19.8
(67.6) 		18.9
(66.0) 		17.4
(63.3) 		15.4
(59.7) 		13.4
(56.1) 		12.6
(54.7) 		12.6
(54.7) 		13.3
(55.9) 		14.3
(57.7) 		15.4
(59.7) 		17.4
(63.3) 		15.8
(60.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 15.9
(60.6) 		16.8
(62.2) 		16.1
(61.0) 		14.8
(58.6) 		13.2
(55.8) 		11.4
(52.5) 		10.5
(50.9) 		10.3
(50.5) 		10.9
(51.6) 		11.8
(53.2) 		12.7
(54.9) 		14.6
(58.3) 		13.3
(55.8)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 58.0
(2.28) 		64.6
(2.54) 		55.7
(2.19) 		108.6
(4.28) 		95.5
(3.76) 		103.1
(4.06) 		128.4
(5.06) 		95.3
(3.75) 		84.5
(3.33) 		61.1
(2.41) 		57.2
(2.25) 		75.5
(2.97) 		987.5
(38.88)
Source: NIWA[8]

Lighthouse

Main article: Cape Reinga Lighthouse

The lighthouse at Cape Reinga was built in 1941 and first lit during May of that year, replacing a lighthouse located on nearby Motuopao Island, which had been built 1879. In 1987, the lighthouse was fully automated and the lighthouse keepers were withdrawn. The previous 1000 watt light and its revolving Fresnel lens have since been replaced with a tiny 50 watt flashing beacon, lodged in their place in the huge lantern.

References

  1. ^ "Deed Of Settlement, Ngati Kuri and the Crown" (PDF). www.ngatikuri.iwi.nz. 9 September 2015. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d MITCALFE, BARRY (June 1961). "TE RERENGA WAIRUA - LEAPING PLACE OF THE SPIRITS". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Te Ao Hou. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
  3. ^ "Cape Reinga/Te Rerenga Wairua heritage". www.doc.govt.nz. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
  4. ^ "Respect and protect: Ngāti Kuri's plea to summer travellers". NZ Herald. 19 December 2024. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
  5. ^ a b Gee, Tony (3 September 2007). "Three-year Cape Reinga road upgrade under way". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 23 September 2011.
  6. ^ a b Gee, Tony (23 August 2007). "Cape Reinga improvements to restore mana of spirits' highway". NZ Herald. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
  7. ^ "SH1 Cape Reinga, Project Newsletter 5, July 2009" (PDF). NZ Transport Agency. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2010. Retrieved 10 February 2010.
  8. ^ "CliFlo – National Climate Database : Cape Reinga Aws". NIWA. Retrieved 20 May 2024.

Read other articles:

Mendung

Langit mendung di Jawa Tengah. Awan mendung ketika musim hujan. Mendung atau mendung cuaca, berdasarkan definisi dari Organisasi Meteorologi Dunia, adalah kondisi cuaca dimana awan menutupi setidaknya 95% dari langit.[1] Tutupan awan total tidak bisa dimasukkan dalam kategori mendung karena fenomena ini juga bisa terjadi dalam suasana berkabut.[2] Mendung di sawah. Awan mendung bisa saja berawarna putih atau hitam, tapi kata mendung biasanya mengacu pada awan yang gelap.[3...

 

Rai Pubblicità

Rai PubblicitàLogo Stato Italia Forma societariaSocietà per azioni Fondazione9 aprile 1926 a Milano Sede principaleTorino GruppoRAI - Radiotelevisione italiana Persone chiave Antonio Marano: amministratore delegato Luciano Flussi: direttore generale[1] Settoretelecomunicazioni ProdottiSpazi pubblicitari su: Mezzi di comunicazione (radio, tv, web) della Rai Piattaforme (analogica, digitale terrestre, satellitare, Ip-Tv, mobile) della Rai 450 schermi cinematografici di prima ...

 

Donna Ragno (Marvel Comics)

Donna RagnoLa Donna Ragno (Jessica Drew) nell'omonima serie animata UniversoUniverso Marvel Nome orig.Spider-Woman EditoreMarvel Comics Caratteristiche immaginarieAlter ego Jessica Drew Julia Carpenter Mattie Franklin Charlotte Witter Gwen Stacy SessoFemmina Jessica DrewUniversoUniverso Marvel Lingua orig.Inglese AutoriArchie Goodwin (testi) Sal Buscema (disegni) Jim Mooney (chine) EditoreMarvel Comics 1ª app.febbraio 1977 1ª app. inMarvel Spotlight (vol. 1[1]) n....

Claudio Ricciarelli

Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori italiani è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Claudio Ricciarelli Nazionalità  Italia Altezza 170 cm Peso 68 kg Calcio Ruolo Attaccante Termine carriera 1991 Carriera Squadre di club1 1973-1978 Spezia48 (4)1978-1979 Pietrasanta34 (22)1979-1980 Fiorentina4 (0)1980-1981 Rondinella26 (10)1981-1982 Livorno28 (3)1982-1983 V...

 

Prussian Confederation

Organization of Prussian nobles in opposition to the Teutonic Order (1440-66) For the confederation in the Northern Germany centred around Prussia, see North German Confederation. Prussian Confederation offered to incorporate Prussia into the Kingdom of Poland, 1454, Polish Central Archives of Historical Records The Prussian Confederation (German: Preußischer Bund, Polish: Związek Pruski) was an organization formed on 21 February 1440 at Kwidzyn (then officially Marienwerder) by a group of ...

 

2016年美國總統選舉

2016年美國總統選舉 ← 2012 2016年11月8日 2020 → 538個選舉人團席位獲勝需270票民意調查投票率55.7%[1][2] ▲ 0.8 %   获提名人 唐納·川普 希拉莉·克林頓 政党 共和黨 民主党 家鄉州 紐約州 紐約州 竞选搭档 迈克·彭斯 蒂姆·凱恩 选举人票 304[3][4][註 1] 227[5] 胜出州/省 30 + 緬-2 20 + DC 民選得票 62,984,828[6] 65,853,514[6]...

1975 Australian constitutional crisis

Governor-General dismissal of PM Whitlam The Dismissal redirects here. For other uses, see The Dismissal (disambiguation). 1975 Australian constitutional crisisDateOctober – November 1975LocationCanberra, Australian Capital Territory (Government House, Canberra; Provisional Parliament House, Canberra; The Lodge, Canberra)ParticipantsSir John KerrGough WhitlamMalcolm FraserOutcomeWhitlam dismissed as prime minister by Kerr; Fraser commissioned as prime minister; 1975 Australian federal elect...

 

Turk Murphy

American jazz trombonist and band leader Turk MurphyBackground informationBirth nameMelvin Edward Alton MurphyBorn(1915-12-16)December 16, 1915Palermo, California, U.S.DiedMay 30, 1987(1987-05-30) (aged 71)San Francisco, California, U.S.GenresTraditional jazz, Dixieland jazzOccupation(s)Musician, singer, bandleaderInstrument(s)TromboneLabelsVerveMusical artist Turk Murphy Lane in San Francisco Melvin Edward Alton Turk Murphy (December 16, 1915 – May 30, 1987)[1] was an American...

 

茅盾

  提示：此条目页的主题不是矛盾。 沈德鸿1936年的茅盾本名沈德鸿字雁冰出生1896年7月4日 大清帝國浙江省湖州府乌程县乌镇逝世1981年3月27日(1981歲—03—27)（84歲） 中华人民共和国北京市筆名茅盾、玄珠、方璧止敬、蒲牢、形天職業作家、文学评论家國籍 中华人民共和国民族汉族母校乌镇立志书院浙江省立第三中学浙江省立第二中学杭州私立安定中学北�...

Conquête de l'Algérie par la France

Conquête de l'Algérie par la France La reddition d'Abd el-Kader, le 23 décembre 1847 par Régis Augustin. Informations générales Date 14 juin 1830 - 7 mai 1902 Lieu Algérie Issue Victoire française Colonisation de l'Algérie Belligérants  Royaume de France, puis Monarchie de Juillet, puis Second Empire, puis Troisième République (France)Aide: Empire chérifien (1847)[1],[2] Régence d'Alger Beylik de Constantine État d'AbdelkaderSultanat de Touggourt Royaume des Beni Abb�...

 

Siege of Trichinopoly (1751–1752)

1751-52 siege of Trichinopoly during the Second Carnatic War This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (September 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Siege of TrichinopolyPart of the Second Carnatic WarMap of Trichinopoly During Second Carnatic WarDateJuly 1751 – 10 April 1752LocationTiruchirappalli, modern-day Tamil NaduResult British - ...

 

Merlon

Part of a medieval fortification For other uses, see Merlon (disambiguation). Merlons of Alcazaba of Almería in Almería, Spain A merlon is the solid upright section of a battlement (a crenellated parapet) in medieval architecture or fortifications.[1] Merlons are sometimes pierced by narrow, vertical embrasures or slits designed for observation and fire. The space between two merlons is called a crenel, and a succession of merlons and crenels is a crenellation.[2] Crenels de...

Glenn Dumke

Glenn Pierce redirects here. For the Northeastern University professor, see Glenn L. Pierce. Glenn S. Dumke2nd Chancellor of California State UniversityIn office1962–19826th President of San Francisco State UniversityIn office1957–1961Preceded byJ. Paul LeonardSucceeded byFrank L. Fenton Personal detailsBornGlenn Schroeder Dumke(1917-05-05)May 5, 1917Green Bay, Wisconsin, U.S.DiedJune 30, 1989(1989-06-30) (aged 72)Encino, California, U.S.SpouseDorothy Robinson DumkeAlma materOccident...

 

Template talk:Science

This is the talk page for discussing improvements to the Science template. Put new text under old text. Click here to start a new topic. New to Wikipedia? Welcome! Learn to edit; get help. Assume good faith Be polite and avoid personal attacks Be welcoming to newcomers Seek dispute resolution if needed This template does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment scale.It is of interest to the following WikiProjects:Science Science portalThis template is within the scope of WikiP...

 

Claude Simpol

French painter Simpol, Saint Roch and the Angel, église Saint-Nicolas-des-Champs, Paris. Claude Simpol, Claude Saint-Pol or Claude Saint-Paul (c. 1666 – before 1711[1]) was a French painter. Life Born in Clamecy, he studied under Boullogne and frère Luc. He was admitted to the Académie de Saint-Luc on 23 March 1695[2] and won several prizes (including the second prize in the 1687 prix de Rome for Noah's Flood) at the Académie royale, to which he was admitted on 30 April ...

Tame Impala

Australian psychedelic music project Tame ImpalaParker performing in 2019 at Flow Festival with members of the Tame Impala live bandBackground informationOriginPerth, Western Australia, AustraliaGenres Psychedelic pop[1] psychedelic rock[2] indie rock[3] synth-pop[4] neo-psychedelia[5] Years active2007–presentLabels Modular Interscope Fiction Island Australia Caroline SpinoffsPondMembers Kevin Parker (see touring members) Websitetameimpala.com Tame Im...

 

Vasilisa (2014 film)

2014 Russian filmVasilisaTheatrical release posterDirected byAnton SiversScreenplay byAnoush VardanyanOleg MalovichkoProduced by Andrey Smirnov Yuri Sapronov Mikhail Vavilov Starring Svetlana Khodchenkova Jérôme Cusin Andrey Ilin Vladimir Metveev Alexey Barabash Vitaliy Kovalenko CinematographyIlya AverbakhMusic byAnton BelyaevProductioncompanyRussian World StudiosRelease date December 4, 2014 (2014-12-04) (Russia) Running time100 minutesCountryRussiaLanguageRussianBudget...

 

Limp Bizkit

American nu metal band Limp BizkitLimp Bizkit performing at Festival of the Lakes 2021Background informationOriginJacksonville, Florida, U.S.Genres Nu metal rap rock rap metal DiscographyLimp Bizkit discographyYears active 1994–2006 2009–present Labels Flip Interscope Mojo Suretone Cash Money Members Fred Durst John Otto Sam Rivers Wes Borland DJ Lethal Past members Rob Waters Terry Balsamo Mike Smith Websitelimpbizkit.com Limp Bizkit is an American nu metal band from Jacksonville, Florid...

Hector Zagal

Mexican philosopher (born 1952) This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Hector Zagal – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message...

 

Kármán line

Conventional definition of the edge of space For The Kármán Line, the British drama short film, see § In popular culture. Earth's atmosphere photographed from the International Space Station. The orange and green line of airglow is at roughly the altitude of the Kármán line.[1] The Kármán line (or von Kármán line /vɒn ˈkɑːrmɑːn/)[2] is a conventional definition of the edge of space. It is not universally accepted. The international record-keeping body FAI (...