Camp Quedlinburg

Memorial to the POW Camp Quedlinburg

Camp Quedlinburg was a POW camp built in September 1914 located 2 kilometers north of Quedlinburg, Germany, during the First World War. From 1914 to 1922, the camp housed 12,000 to 18,000 prisoners of war on average.[1] Around 27,000 people lived in the neighbouring city of Quedlinburg at that time. There were three official branch offices in Staßfurt, Atzendorf [de] and Aschersleben[2] as well as other unofficial offices in Egeln, Halberstadt, Schönebeck, Groß Rodensleben, Schadeleben and Hedersleben.

Camp

The camp was built on 104 hectares of land with 48 barracks for the prisoners. Barbed wire fences were erected to prevent escape attempts. In eight double rows, there were three barracks on each side of the gable. To the northeast, there were eight barracks for the guards, and on the western side of Ditfurter Weg, a number of large administrative buildings. At the northwest of the camp were three isolated sick shelters. Guard towers with machine guns stood in the middle of each long side and at strategically important points. The wooden barracks were about 52 meters long and 12 to 15 meters wide. The interior of the barracks was sparsely furnished. Each prisoner slept in an approximately 80 cm wide, 2 metre long wooden bed on straw sacks covered with woollen blankets. The barracks were divided into halves by transverse walls, each heated by an oven in the middle. At the southwest end of a block of six barracks was a kitchen building.[3]

During the war, mainly Russian, French, Belgian and English, and also Italian soldiers were interned since 1917. From the beginning they were used to build up the camp and later as workers in labour detachments, especially in agriculture.[4] On 9 December 1918, Theodor Cizeck Zeilau (1884-1970), a Captain in the Danish Army, made an inspection visit of the camp at Quedlinburg.[5]

Even after the war it was used as a transit camp. It was not until 1921 that the last Russian prisoners left the camp, whereupon it was burned down. 703 prisoners of war were buried on a special part of the Quedlinburg central cemetery.[6]

Notable prisoners

  • W. K. Beaman, Captain [7]
  • W. E. Burrows, Sergeant, 3rd Worcestershire Regiment[8][9]
  • Wallace Roy Crichton, 46th Btn, Private, WIA & Captured Bapaume 11/4/1917-Interned Limburg/Quedlinburg Saxony-repatriated England 7/1/1918 RTA 30/6/1918[10]
  • Norman Cowan (1898–2003)[11]
  • Charles Darragh, 47th Battalion Private, Interned Quedlinburg- Arrived England admitted to 2nd London General Hospital 24/12/1918[12]
  • Harry Nutma Derrick, 37th Btn, Private, WIA & Captured-Died 12/11/1918 at Quedlinburg Hospital- buried Niederzwehren Cemetery Cassel[12]
  • John Gray Donn, [13]
  • Arthur Henry Fitt (1890–1954), [14]
  • Leonard Foust Hann, 33rd Battalion Private, WIA & Captured 7/5/1918-Interned Sachsen/Quedlinburg-arrived England admitted to King George Hospital 31/8/1918[15]
  • Norman Elliott Lampe, 32nd Btn Private, WIA & Captured Fromelles 20/7/1916-Interned Stendal/Quedlinburg-repatriated Ripon 12/1/1919[16]
  • Frederick R. Lavender (died 1918), D Bty. 250th Bde, Royal Field Artillery[17]
  • Jacques Messiant [18]
  • Reginald Charles Prow, 20th Btn, Sergeant, WIA & Captured Mount St Quentin 31/8/1918-Interned Quedlinburg-repatriated Ripon 30/12/1918[19]
  • Fred Purvis (1894–1918), Gunner, 1/5th battalion, the Northumbrian Fusiliers[20]
  • Théophile Radin (1889–1918)[21]
  • Marcel Riegel[22]
  • Ernest Simonsen, 47th Btn, Private, WIA & Captured 5/4/1918-Interned Quedlinburg-repatriated Ripon 30/12/1918[23]
  • Henry Strachan (1898–1918), 8th Battalion Durham Light Infantry[24][25]
  • Aloïs Verleye[26]

See also

References

  1. ^ Wozniak, Thomas (2011): „... das Lager ist in jeder Beziehung musterhaft ...“ Kriegsgefangene des Ersten Weltkriegs in Quedlinburg (1914–1922). Jahrbuch für die Geschichte Mittel- und Ostdeutschlands (57): 125–154, here p. 125.
  2. ^ Rapports des délégués du gouvernement espagnol sur leurs visites dans les camps de prisonniers français en Allemagne 1914–1917. Paris 1918, pp. 291-293.
  3. ^ Demuth, Volker (2009). "'Those Who Survived the Battlefields' Archaeological Investigations in a Prisoner of War Camp Near Quedlinburg (Harz / Germany) from the First World War". Journal of Conflict Archaeology. 1 (5): 163–181. doi:10.1163/157407709X12634580640452. S2CID 161594046.
  4. ^ Dienemann, Martina; Wozniak, Thomas (2009): Das Quedlinburger Kriegsgefangenenlager des Ersten Weltkrieges in französischsprachigen Quellen. Quedlinburger Annalen (12): 139–148.
  5. ^ Dorothy Jones (2018): Quedlinburg men’s camp – Christmas in Denmark, revised 16.1.2018, p. 2, 11.6.2018.
  6. ^ Wozniak, Thomas (2008): Militärseelsorge für ausländische Soldaten von 1914 bis 1919. Tretschock, Christoph; Wozniak, Matthias; Wozniak, Thomas (Ed.): 150 Jahre Katholische Kirche Sankt Mathilde Quedlinburg 1858–2008. Quedlinburg, pp. 73–80.
  7. ^ W. K. Beaman (1915): Some Experiences of a Prisoner of War in Germany, with remarks on four Prisoners' Camps. JR Army Med Corps: first published as 10.1136/jramc-25-05-02 on 1 November 1915, pp. 490–493.
  8. ^ Germany - Prisoner of War Camp: Quedlinburg (2018, 19 December)
  9. ^ November 20th 1916 - Postcard from Sergeant W E Burrows to Ethel Sladden (2018, 19 December).
  10. ^ "World War 1 (A-C) | Prisoner of War Memorial Ballarat". www.powmemorialballarat.com.au. Archived from the original on 19 December 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
  11. ^ Richard van Emden (2000): Prisoners of the Kaiser. The last POWs of the Great War. Barnsley, p. 185.
  12. ^ a b "World War 1 (D-F) | Prisoner of War Memorial Ballarat". www.powmemorialballarat.com.au. Archived from the original on 19 December 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
  13. ^ David G Scott: A Minute's Peace tells wartime story, in: John O'Groat-Journal from 29 March 2020.
  14. ^ Peter Cox: Arthur Henry Fitt (1890 -1954) and his war (pdf, 2018, 19 December)
  15. ^ "World War 1 (G-I) | Prisoner of War Memorial Ballarat". www.powmemorialballarat.com.au. Archived from the original on 4 December 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
  16. ^ "World War 1 (J-L) | Prisoner of War Memorial Ballarat". www.powmemorialballarat.com.au. Archived from the original on 29 November 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
  17. ^ LEATHERHEAD WAR MEMORIALS - WWI Archived 19 December 2018 at the Wayback Machine (2018, 19 December)
  18. ^ Jacques Messiant: Le prisonnier flamand: Le roman d'une vie pendant la Grande Guerre. Éditions Ravet-Anceau 2013.
  19. ^ "World War 1 (P-R) | Prisoner of War Memorial Ballarat". www.powmemorialballarat.com.au. Archived from the original on 29 January 2019. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
  20. ^ The Gaunless Valley in World War 1 (2018, 19 December).
  21. ^ Thomas Wozniak (2011): „… das Lager ist in jeder Beziehung musterhaft …“. Kriegsgefangene des Ersten Weltkriegs in Quedlinburg (1914–1922), Jahrbuch für die Geschichte Mittel- und Ostdeutschlands 57 (2011), pp. 125–154, here p. 125.
  22. ^ "SOUVENIRS DE GUERRE". souvenirsdeguerre.pagesperso-orange.fr. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  23. ^ "World War 1 (S-U) | Prisoner of War Memorial Ballarat". www.powmemorialballarat.com.au. Archived from the original on 19 December 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  24. ^ Migebert (6 November 2018), Deutsch: Am Denkmal zur Erinnerung an das Kriegsgefangenenlager Quedlinburg 1914-1922 ein kleines Gedenkkreuz für Henry Strachan (1898-1918), retrieved 13 January 2020
  25. ^ Henry Strachan on Camp-de-Quedlinburg.fr
  26. ^ "QUEDLINBURG, rencontre improbable d'un poilu français et d'un piou-piou belge". Retrieved 16 February 2021.

Bibliography

Photographs

Memoirs

  • Emden, Richard van (2000). Prisoners of the Kaiser. The last POWs of the Great War. South Yorkscher: Pen & Sword.
  • Richard Charles Patrick: A Minute's Peace: Finding my WWI Grandfather. 2020. ISBN 979-8614621735.

Secondary works

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Camp Quedlinburg.

51°48′28″N 11°11′20″E / 51.807825°N 11.189008°E / 51.807825; 11.189008