Cabin Pressure (radio series)

Cabin Pressure
Cover of the complete CD collection of Cabin Pressure, depicting cast. Left-to-right: John Finnemore, Roger Allam, Stephanie Cole and Benedict Cumberbatch.
GenreSitcom
Running time28 minutes
Country of originUnited Kingdom
Language(s)English
Home stationBBC Radio 4
SyndicatesBBC Radio 4 Extra
Starring
Created byJohn Finnemore
Written byJohn Finnemore
Directed byDavid Tyler
Produced byDavid Tyler
Recording studioRADA Studios
Original release2 July 2008 (2008-07-02) –
24 December 2014 (2014-12-24)
No. of series4 (plus Christmas special and a two part finale)
No. of episodes27
Audio formatStereo
Opening themeRuslan and Lyudmila overture by Mikhail Glinka
Websitewww.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00lmcxj Edit this at Wikidata

Cabin Pressure is a radio sitcom written and created by John Finnemore and directed and produced by David Tyler. It follows the exploits of the eccentric crew of the single aeroplane owned by "MJN Air" as they are chartered to take all manner of items, people or animals across the world. The show stars Finnemore, Stephanie Cole, Roger Allam and Benedict Cumberbatch.[1]

The programme was first broadcast on BBC Radio 4 in 2008.[2] Four series have been broadcast, along with a special 2010 Christmas Day episode.[2][3] The show's finale, entitled "Zurich", was broadcast as a two-part special on 23 and 24 December 2014.[4][5]

The series' opening music is Mikhail Glinka's Overture to Ruslan and Lyudmila.[6]

Overview

Setting

The story takes place at "MJN Air", the world's smallest airline, consisting of just one 16-seater aeroplane: a "Lockheed McDonnell 3-12" business jet, with the aircraft registration Golf Echo Romeo Tango India — G-ERTI — and thus nicknamed "Gerti".[7] The company name derives from when owner Carolyn Knapp-Shappey (Stephanie Cole) was awarded Gerti as part of her divorce settlement with her Australian husband Gordon Shappey (Timothy West) and thus proudly proclaimed that Gerti was: "My Jet Now". The company is so small — with Carolyn joking that MJN was not so much an airline, as more of an "airdot" — that everything is run on a tight budget and they are willing to take on any job to keep the business going. The company is based in the fictional Fitton Airport, located somewhere in the Midlands.[8]

Each episode is named after a different city starting with "Abu Dhabi", (often a destination for MJN in the episode), each beginning with a successive letter of the alphabet. Unfortunately, the episodes were not broadcast by the BBC in alphabetical order, but The Complete Cabin Pressure: From A to Z collection does have the episodes alphabetically.[9]

Plot

See also: List of Cabin Pressure characters

The story follows the day-to-day working life of MJN Air and its crew of four: Captain Martin Crieff (Benedict Cumberbatch), whose love of flying and planes is let down by his lack of natural ability; First Officer Douglas Richardson (Roger Allam), an experienced captain formerly at Air England until he was sacked for smuggling; Carolyn (Stephanie Cole), the owner and one-time air stewardess; and Arthur Shappey (John Finnemore), Carolyn's overexcited and idiotic (but well-meaning) son who works as a flight attendant.

Much of the plot revolves around the relationship between Douglas and Martin in the cockpit. While Martin is the captain, Douglas is more experienced, and most people consider Douglas to be superior to him in almost every way. When meeting both men, most guests mistakenly believe Douglas to be the captain rather than Martin. Carolyn refers to Douglas as the "good pilot" and Martin as the "safe pilot".[10] Also, while Douglas gets paid, Martin does not because Carolyn cannot afford it. Thus Martin also has a second job with his own "man-with-a-van" business, Icarus Removals, using a van he inherited from his late father, and lives a life of poverty in a student flat-share.[11]

Douglas, meanwhile, has to do his job in order to pay two different alimonies, and tries to keep secret from his third wife Helena that he is not a captain. It is later revealed that Helena is having an affair.[12] Douglas is also a recovering alcoholic, having been sober for a period of several years at the time the story begins, although he tries to prevent anyone else from knowing about it, fearing it will tarnish his image.[8]

Much of the time on the flight-deck is spent with the crew playing various games to pass the time such as "Flight-deck Buckeroo", "People Who Aren't Evil But Have Evil Sounding Names", "Brians of Britain", "Books That Sound More Interesting with the Final Letter Knocked Off", (e.g. Three Men in a Boa, Of Mice and Me), and the game of "The Travelling Lemon" — wherein a lemon must be hidden in plain sight among the passengers, without anyone complaining, to be discovered by the next player, in which the crew try to hide a lemon in plain sight of the passengers . This is the origin of the phrase "The lemon is in play," used by Douglas in the episodes Qikiqtarjuaq and Zurich Part 2.[13]

Though MJN squabble among themselves, in several episodes the crew unite to combat a common enemy or problem. A recurring antagonist is Gordon Shappey (Timothy West), Carolyn's ex-husband and Arthur's father, who resents Carolyn obtaining the jet in the divorce and frequently tries to reacquire it through fair means and foul. Other recurring characters include Mr Birling (Geoffrey Whitehead), who every year hires the plane to take him to see the final match in the Six Nations Rugby Union tournament. On "Birling Day", the crew toady to Birling in the hope that he will give them all large tips. Every Birling Day, Douglas attempts to steal Birling's prized 25-year-old Talisker single-malt whisky and sell it on while Carolyn and the rest of the crew try to stop him. In addition, Douglas and Martin, despite their personal differences and mutual animosity, also prove to be an effective and highly cooperative duo in some of the more dangerous situations. For example, in the episode "St Petersburg", when one of G-ERTI's engines fails, they successfully work together to pull off an emergency landing, thus saving Carolyn and Arthur's lives as well as their own, although Carolyn is typically less grateful than the two pilots would prefer.

Another recurring character is Captain Hercules "Herc" Shipwright (Anthony Head), a former colleague of Douglas who now works at Scottish airline Air Caledonia. Herc is an occasional rival to Douglas and a love interest to Carolyn, though she is reluctant to reciprocate Herc's affections.

Princess Theresa of Liechtenstein (Matilda Ziegler) appears in the final season, first appearing when she hires MJN to take her younger brother and ruling monarch King Maxi to Fitton so he can return to school. She and Martin begin a romantic relationship.[14]

In the two-part series finale, after a peculiar job interview in "Yverdon-les-Bains", Martin has been offered a paid job at Swiss Air, which means MJN has to close down and Gerti has to be sold. However, when Gordon tries to purchase Gerti, Arthur puts in a gigantic bid to stop his father from buying the plane. Douglas suspects that there is something valuable hidden on the plane and MJN manage to buy back Gerti. His suspicions prove correct when he discovers that Gordon, in an effort to hide his wealth and assets, had replaced all the copper wiring of the plane with gold, not expecting that Carolyn would get the plane in their divorce. Martin concludes he is a more skilled pilot than he thought, having been struggling in the past years with a poorly weighted plane, and the solution to Carolyn's financial problems has been right under her nose all along. Carolyn uses the money to secure the company's future, renaming it OJS Air ("Our Jet Still"), and buying buns for tea. In a fairy tale ending, Martin takes up his new job securing paid employment with Swiss Airways and living close to his girlfriend Princess Theresa in Vaduz; Douglas is promoted to Captain; and Herc — who accepts a downwards career move due to his affections for Carolyn — is hired as the new First Officer. The series ends with OJS flying off into the sunset to Addis Ababa, bringing the alphabetical progression of cities full circle.[15][16]

Reception

Writing in The Independent newspaper, Nicholas Lezard praised the first series highly, called "the writing and performances ... exceptional" and suggested that the show "deserves an award".[17] Gillian Reynolds of The Daily Telegraph called Cabin Pressure "one of the best written, cast, acted and directed comedies on anywhere."[18] Tom Eames of Digital Spy said "Finnemore should really be a household name by now. Not only does he play a hilarious character brilliantly, but his scriptwriting is up there with some of the best British comedy writers of all time."[19] Jane Anderson of Radio Times called Cabin Pressure "the comedy series where the writing and acting are so tight they’re in danger of cutting off your blood supply."[20]

Partly due to the popularity of leading actor Benedict Cumberbatch, the show has a significant fandom, and its final episode received a record number of requests for audience tickets for a Radio 4 comedy recording: 22,854 requests for just 200 available tickets.[21][4] It has been argued that this is an example of the Odagiri effect occurring in western media.[22]

Awards

Cabin Pressure was nominated for a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award in 2010.[23] In 2011, John Finnemore won the Best Radio Comedy 2011, awarded by the Writers' Guild of Great Britain.[24][25] It was nominated for the Best Scripted Comedy category at the 2012 BBC Audio Drama Awards.[26] The series has won numerous Comedy.co.uk Awards, voted for by readers of the British Comedy Guide. The series won the award for "Best British Radio Sitcom" for 2011,[27] 2013,[28] and 2014.[29] Also it was voted "Comedy of the Year" across TV and radio for 2014, making it the first radio show to be given the honour.[29]

Episode list

The episode titles follow an alphabetical sequence, beginning with the first episode, "Abu Dhabi", followed by "Boston" etc. In Series 2 and 3 episodes were broadcast out of the original intended order for various reasons.[30] The episodes however are listed in alphabetical order in The Complete Cabin Pressure: From A To Z collection, and Finnemore has stated that the series was always meant to be heard alphabetically.[9]

class=notpageimage|
Cabin Pressure episode names (intercontinental)
class=notpageimage|
Cabin Pressure episode names (Europe) (The fictional Fitton, home of MJN Air, is not shown)

Series one

No. Episode No. Title Original airdate
11"Abu Dhabi"2 July 2008 (2008-07-02)

After a £7,000 diversion to Bristol, Carolyn forbids Martin to make any more diversions in the future. Partway to Abu Dhabi, however, Douglas realizes that, despite reminders about the cargo-hold heating, Martin has left a client's cat in the unheated hold. Martin must decide whether to divert or to let the cat freeze. Meanwhile, Arthur attempts to discover how aeroplanes fly.

Guest Cast: Ewen MacIntosh as Karl
22"Boston"9 July 2008 (2008-07-09)

A stubborn passenger refuses to extinguish his cigarette and makes Martin cry. Arthur, on a mission, accidentally gives the passenger a heart attack, forcing Martin to fly back and forth between Reykjavik and Boston in indecision. Meanwhile, Martin and Douglas play a challenging game of "Simon Says".

Guest Cast: Ewen MacIntosh as Karl, Kerry Shale as Hamilton Leeman, Matilda Ziegler as both the Paramedic and Shanwick ATC (Air Traffic Control)
33"Cremona"16 July 2008 (2008-07-16)

MJN are flying an actress, for whom Arthur has a particular fondness and Carolyn not so much, to Cremona. Martin tries in vain to impress her but instead attracts her ire when she blames him for a horde of her fans showing up at her hotel. Douglas saves Martin from her anger with a dozen black shirts.

Guest Cast: Helen Baxendale as Hester MacCaulay, Rufus Jones as Percival, Robert Harley as Gawain, Ali Amadi as Lancelot
44"Douz"23 July 2008 (2008-07-23)

MJN are stranded on the outskirts of the Sahara while Carolyn refuses to pay a pricey bill and Martin quibbles over a firetruck. Douglas joins a Scottish team in an exciting match of topless cricket while Arthur takes some embarrassing photos.

Guest Cast: John Sessions as Yves Jutteau, Rufus Jones as Captain Jessop, Robert Harley as Lachlan, Ali Amadi as Habib
55"Edinburgh"30 July 2008 (2008-07-30)

It's the annual Birling day, where MJN flies the wealthy Mr Birling to a Six Nations rugby match. Martin resents Birling's pompous ways and doesn't understand why Douglas and Arthur toady to him so much until he realizes that Birling gives huge tips to people he likes (as much as £6,000 when his team wins). Douglas and Carolyn are at war over a bottle of very expensive 25-year-old Talisker single-malt whisky.

Guest Cast: Geoffrey Whitehead as Mr Birling, Adam G Goodwin as Philip
66"Fitton"6 August 2008 (2008-08-06)

The crew are on standby at Fitton, waiting for an important client to call. Carolyn tries to keep them all sober in case the client calls; when she fails, drunk Martin must act as steward and sober Arthur has to pretend to be captain. In an attempt to return a gift, Martin discovers a shocking secret about Douglas.

Guest Cast: Adam G Goodwin as Mr Goddard, Melisande Cook as Helena Richardson

Series two

No. Episode No. Title Original airdate
71"Helsinki"17 July 2009 (2009-07-17)

Carolyn and her sister have not spoken for fifteen years, so when Arthur books a fake trip to Helsinki for his mother's birthday with Carolyn's sister, her husband, and her grandson, Kieran, it is all a little awkward. Douglas exchanges orchids for fishcakes, Kieran intimidates Martin by showing some exceptional karate skills, and Arthur makes an imaginative birthday cake.

Guest Cast: Alison Steadman as Ruth, Matt Green as Kieran, Simon Greenall as Milo
82"Gdańsk"24 July 2009 (2009-07-24)

MJN is flying the eccentric and deranged members of a Polish chamber orchestra back to Gdańsk. Carolyn is left to deal with a highly paranoid passenger who requests explanations for fractionally elevated arm-rests, broken glass-salt, poisoned cheesecake, and 'Goofy'. Douglas and Martin place series of escalating bets over the cheese tray, including a passenger derby commentated by Arthur, resulting Martin revealing a shocking secret to Douglas.

Guest Cast: Britta Gartner as Madame Szyszko Bohusz, Simon Greenall as the Conductor
93"Ipswich"31 July 2009 (2009-07-31)

Carolyn, Douglas, Martin, and Arthur are sent on a Safety and Emergency Procedures course. Arthur struggles with his stupidity, Douglas struggles with his impatience with Mr Sargent and Martin struggles with a health issue, so Carolyn is forced to work hard to keep her crew from losing their jobs.

Guest Cast: Philip Davis as Mr Sargent, Alex MacQueen as Dr Duncan
104"Johannesburg"7 August 2009 (2009-08-07)

After an unsuccessful birthday treat for Douglas's daughter, resulting in the crew having koi sushi. Carolyn makes a bet with her pilots. However, a dodgy warning light means that Martin and Arthur must fetch the engineer in a baggage truck. Douglas scrapes €20 by washing the airfield manager's car, Carolyn relaxes on a deckchair and Arthur uses the engine exhausts to make boiling water which ends badly.

Guest Cast: Michael Fenton Stevens as Señor Quintanilla, Javier Marzan as Diego
115"Kuala Lumpur"14 August 2009 (2009-08-14)

Martin discovers a secret, illegal airfield pub frequented by Douglas and other airfield staff and cannot decide whether to report it, as duty requires, or to turn a blind eye, as surprisingly everyone at the pub seems to like him. Meanwhile, Carolyn tries to improve Arthur's stewarding skills.

Guest Cast: Paul Putner as Dave, Roger Morlidge as George
126"Limerick"21 August 2009 (2009-08-21)
MJN are flying an insufferably long flight into a never-ending sunset, from Hong Kong over Russia to Limerick, with the somewhat unsavoury contents of an ice-box. Arthur tries the spot-check method of learning the phonetic alphabet, Douglas and Martin play a game of evil-sounding names, and try some creative limericks.

Christmas special

No. Episode No. Title Original airdate
131"Molokaʻi"25 December 2010 (2010-12-25)

It's Christmas aboard Gerti and Arthur is singing merrily. Carolyn is treating a yacht salesman, Mr Alyakin, on the trip to Molokaʻi, but he begins to doubt the airline's competence, while Martin and Douglas go to extravagant lengths in an attempt to make it Arthur's best Christmas ever, within seven minutes.

Guest Cast: Ben Willbond as Mr Alyakhin

Series three

No. Episode No. Title Original airdate
141"Qikiqtarjuaq"1 July 2011 (2011-07-01)

A Canadian passenger informs Douglas that he is not professional but Martin is, which infuriates Douglas and causes him to humiliate Martin. Arthur teaches the passengers all about bears and Douglas chases them. Carolyn and Douglas also play a game of "the travelling lemon" which ends badly when Martin has a go.

Guest Cast: Melanie Hudson as Nancy Dean Liebhart, Kosha Engler as Mrs Cook, Ewan Bailey as Mr Peary
152"Paris"8 July 2011 (2011-07-08)

It's Birling Day again and Carolyn has put Martin in charge of ensuring Douglas doesn't steal the expensive whisky meant for their client. But when the whisky does disappear and the evidence seems to point to everyone except Douglas, Martin must become the Miss Marple of MJN Air and discover the real culprit.

Guest Cast: Geoffrey Whitehead as Mr Birling, Flip Webster as Mrs Birling, Ewan Bailey as Phil
163"Newcastle"15 July 2011 (2011-07-15)

Martin has a soft spot for a Scottish first officer who is travelling with MJN for the day. However, Martin gets in a muddle and it all becomes a bit awkward. Carolyn meets a captain called Herc and everyone immerses themselves in exciting games whilst Martin applies a navigation-tail light onto the back of the plane. (Note: Martin is played by Tom Goodman-Hill.)

Guest Cast: Anthony Head as Herc Shipwright, Mark Williams as Eddie, Anna Crilly as Linda Fairburn
174"Ottery St Mary"22 July 2011 (2011-07-22)

When Martin sprains his ankle and can't complete a piano delivery for his second job, Douglas and Arthur agree to help, but forgotten addresses, missing van keys, and Arthur's game of Yellow Car make the trip much more complicated than expected. Back in Fitton, Herc and Carolyn go out for lunch and an eventful dog-walk.

Guest Cast: Anthony Head as Herc Shipwright, Flip Webster as The Lady from the Laurels, Ewan Bailey as Mr Hardy
185"Rotterdam"29 July 2011 (2011-07-29)

MJN are filming welcome and safety demonstration videos to make the airline look more professional. When no one on the crew is able or willing to deliver the lines, Carolyn appoints an actor called Martin, making the original Martin deeply jealous and paranoid. But a little competition from Herc might convince Douglas to do the video after all.

Guest Cast: Anthony Head as Herc Shipwright, Gus Brown as Martin Davenport
196"St. Petersburg"5 August 2011 (2011-08-05)

A bird strike takes out an engine, which could lead to the end of MJN Air, so Carolyn is forced to call in her ex-husband. Douglas and Martin entertain themselves with a game of "rhyming journeys" while Arthur is sure Douglas will sort the situation out.

Guest Cast: Timothy West as Gordon Shappey, Paul Shearer as Tommo

Series four

No. Episode No. Title Original airdate
201"Timbuktu"9 January 2013 (2013-01-09)

MJN are looking forward to their day off when Mr Birling turns up demanding to be flown to Timbuktu to watch the Rugby World Cup on television so he can prove a point to his "awful wife". Martin discovers a slight problem with the planned destination, Arthur is reading a potentially problematic book and could this be the year that Carolyn steals the whisky from Douglas?

Guest Cast: Geoffrey Whitehead as Mr Birling, Steve Brody as Giancarlo and Karl
212"Uskerty"16 January 2013 (2013-01-16)

The crew are in Ireland, where Carolyn is purchasing a birthday present for Herc, assisted by Martin. However, difficulties with heavy rain, stubborn taxi drivers, poor phone reception, angry bees and jewellery-eating geese ensue. Meanwhile, Douglas and Arthur enjoy the luxuries of an empty airport with an over-enthusiastic manager.

Guest Cast: Marian McLoughlin as Breeda, Robert Wilfort as Gerry, John O'Mahony as Farmer Fisher
223"Vaduz"23 January 2013 (2013-01-23)

An incredulous crew escort the young King of Liechtenstein and Princess Theresa to England, the latter becoming fond of Martin, but encounter a misunderstanding with fuel. Meanwhile, Herc is eager to enjoy his holiday, but Carolyn refuses to return his affections.

Guest Cast: Anthony Head as Herc Shipwright, Matilda Ziegler as Princess Theresa, Kieran Hodgson as King Maximilian, Dan Tetsell as Otto/Karl
234"Wokingham"30 January 2013 (2013-01-30)

Martin learns his mother has fallen ill and so tries to juggle flying, his secret delivery job, and competing with his sister to care for his mother, eventually enlisting Arthur to help, but when his dominating brother Simon turns up, Martin is determined to prove himself. Meanwhile, Carolyn and Douglas challenge each other to speak in words of only one syllable.

Guest Cast: Prunella Scales as Wendy Crieff, Rosie Cavaliero as Caitlin Crieff, Justin Edwards as Simon Crieff, Dan Tetsell as Dr White
245"Xinzhou"6 February 2013 (2013-02-06)

The crew must spend the night on Gerti but are distracted by uncomplicated word games — like "Fizz-Buzz", which Arthur cannot understand — and a constant alarm requiring trips out into the snow. Martin reveals his developing relationship with a princess, and Carolyn must make a decision about Herc.

Guest Cast: Lobo Chan as the Chinese ATC
256"Yverdon-les-Bains"13 February 2013 (2013-02-13)

Martin goes to an interview with Swiss Airways and must fight for a place as a professional pilot as his quibbling nature shows through. Herc and Douglas battle for metaphorical control of the plane — with the cheese and fruit trays between them — leaving Douglas with a sky-shattering insight into his relationship with Martin, and Arthur discovers the perils dragon fruit.

Guest Cast: Anthony Head as Herc Shipwright, Kate Duchêne as Captain Elise Deroche, Nicholas Woodeson as Oskar Bider

Zurich

No. Episode No. Title Original airdate
261"Zurich, Part 1"23 December 2014 (2014-12-23)[32][33]

As Martin decides whether to take his new job with Swiss Air, is this the end for MJN Air? While Carolyn has to sell off G-ERTI, Arthur is considering a new career himself, and just what has he painted on the side of the van?

The crew of MJN Air discover that whether it's choosing an ice-cream flavour, putting a princess in a van, or remembering your grandmother's name, no job is too small, but many, many jobs are too difficult.

Guest Cast: Anthony Head as Herc Shipwright, Timothy West as Gordon Shappey, Matilda Ziegler as Princess Theresa, Gordon Kennedy as Bruce Fraser, Jonathan Kydd as the auctioneer, Dan Tetsell as Rick and Karl.[31]
272"Zurich, Part 2"24 December 2014 (2014-12-24)[34]

The crew try to work out why Gordon is so desperate to get Gerti back, — just what is Gerti's secret? — they embark on a race against time in another of Douglas's schemes, while Carolyn makes a big decision about Herc.

Guest Cast: Anthony Head as Herc Shipwright, Timothy West as Gordon Shappey, Matilda Ziegler as Princess Theresa, Gordon Kennedy as Bruce Fraser, Jonathan Kydd as the auctioneer, Dan Tetsell as Rick and Karl.

After Zurich

In 2018 and 2019 John Finnemore toured a live stage version of John Finnemore's Souvenir Programme. One sketch was an interview of Arthur Shappey in which he outlines the post-Cabin Pressure futures of the show's cast. These include Herc and Carolyn being married, Douglas remaining captain, and Martin and Princess Theresa's continuing relationship. Arthur is still working as cabin crew, but pretends in the sketch that he is studying and riding polar bears in Kuala Lumpur.

Between March and August 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Finnemore again revived the character of Arthur Shappey for a one-man online YouTube spin-off series called Cabin Fever! which takes the form of a 26-part online vlog by the character in quarantine and later lockdown.[35] The other main Cabin Pressure characters are occasionally mentioned.

Multimedia

A number of CD releases for the show have been made by BBC Physical Audio and the production company Pozzitive.

Series Release Date Notes
Cabin Pressure: The Complete Series 1 5 July 2012
Cabin Pressure: The Complete Series 2 3 August 2012
Cabin Pressure: The Complete Series 3 6 September 2012
Cabin Pressure: The Complete Series 4 2 May 2013
Cabin Pressure Zurich 29 January 2015 Final two-part episode
Cabin Pressure: The Collected Series 1-3 1 November 2012 Includes Christmas episode
Cabin Pressure: A-Z 5 February 2015 Includes all episodes

References

  1. ^ "BBC4 Radio 4 Extra – Cabin Pressure". BBC. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  2. ^ a b Lavalie, John (21 June 2012). "Cabin Pressure (a Titles & Air Dates Guide)". epguide.com. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  3. ^ "BBC4 Radio 4 Extra – Cabin Pressure – Radio guide". Cabin Pressure. BBC. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  4. ^ a b "John Benedict Cumberbatch fans go wild for actor's recording of the last ever "Cabin Pressure"". Radio Times. 23 February 2014. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  5. ^ Finnemore, John (13 November 2013). "Prepare for final descent". Forget What Did. Blogspot. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
  6. ^ "The Cabin Pressure Theme Music". Cabin pressure Fans. 27 November 2011. Archived from the original on 2 July 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  7. ^ "Newcastle". Cabin Pressure. Series 3. Episode 3. London. 15 July 2011. BBC. BBC Radio 4.
  8. ^ a b Finnemore, John (5 February 2015). Cabin Pressure: From A To Z Booklet. BBC Worldwide. pp. 2–3. ISBN 978-1-91028-199-4.
  9. ^ a b "The Complete Cabin Pressure - From A To Z (Audio)". British Comedy Guide. 29 January 2015. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
  10. ^ "Ipswich". Cabin Pressure. Series 2. Episode 3. London. 31 July 2009. BBC. BBC Radio 4.
  11. ^ "Qikiqtarjuaq". Cabin Pressure. Series 3. Episode 1. London. 1 July 2011. BBC. BBC Radio 4.
  12. ^ "Limerick". Cabin Pressure. Series 2. Episode 6. London. 21 August 2009. BBC. BBC Radio 4.
  13. ^ [1]
  14. ^ "Vaduz". Cabin Pressure. Series 4. Episode 3. London. 23 January 2013. BBC. BBC Radio 4.
  15. ^ "Zurich, Part 1". Cabin Pressure. Series 4. Episode 7. London. 23 December 2014. BBC. BBC Radio 4.
  16. ^ "Zurich, Part 2". Cabin Pressure. Series 4. Episode 8. London. 24 December 2014. BBC. BBC Radio 4.
  17. ^ Lezard, Nicholas (10 August 2008). "Cabin Pressure, Radio 4: Scratch the surface and there's a classic British sitcom beneath". The Independent. London. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
  18. ^ Reynolds, Gillian (18 July 2011). "A strike and a scandal keep Radio 4 on its toes". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  19. ^ Eames, Tom (20 April 2013). "'Cabin Pressure': A radio comedy gem". Digital Spy. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
  20. ^ Anderson, Jane (1 July 2011). "Cabin Pressure - S3 - Episode 1: Qikiqtarjuaq". Radio Times. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
  21. ^ Seale, Jack (9 January 2013). "Cabin Pressure writer John Finnemore on the joy of radio, crafting comedy – and Benedict Cumberbatch". Radio Times. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  22. ^ Wolf, Ian (13 February 2017). "LGBT TV - Yuri!!! On Ice". On The Box. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
  23. ^ "Guild Awards 2010 – shortlists announced". Writers' Guild. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
  24. ^ Writers' Guild Awards 2011 – winners Archived 14 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  25. ^ "Victoria Wood awarded top TV honour from Writer's Guild". BBC News. 17 November 2011.
  26. ^ "Shortlist announced for first BBC Audio Drama awards". Ariel. 10 January 2012. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014.
  27. ^ "The Comedy.co.uk Awards 2011". British Comedy Guide. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  28. ^ "The Comedy.co.uk Awards 2013". British Comedy Guide. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  29. ^ a b "The Comedy.co.uk Awards 2014". British Comedy Guide. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  30. ^ Finnemore, John (19 July 2011). "Newcastle". Forget What Did. Blogspot.
  31. ^ https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b04vj6l2
  32. ^ https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b04vf25d
  33. ^ ER (27 November 2014). "Good Omens and last ever Cabin Pressure confirmed in Radio 4 Christmas schedule". BBC.
  34. ^ https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b04vf959
  35. ^ "Cabin Fever!". British Comedy Guide. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
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In vitro fertilization procedure Intracytoplasmic sperm injectionOocyte cytoplasm is injected with the sperm during ICSIMeSHD020554[edit on Wikidata] Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI /ˈɪksi/ IK-see) is an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure in which a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg. This technique is used in order to prepare the gametes for the obtention of embryos that may be transferred to a maternal uterus. With this method, the acrosome ...

 

Iniquis afflictisque

Iniquis afflictisque Encyclical of Pope Pius XISignature date 18 November 1926 (1926-11-18)SubjectOn the Persecution of the Church in MexicoTextIn English← Rite expiatis Mortalium animos → Part of a series onPersecutionsof the Catholic Church Overview Historical persecution of Christians Catholic Church persecutions 1939–1958 Eradication of the Church under Stalinism Eastern Catholic persecutions Persecution of Christians in the modern era Roman Empir...

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Fischer Grand Prix 1978Doppio Sport Tennis Detentoridel titolo Bob Hewitt Frew McMillan Vincitori Víctor Pecci Balázs Taróczy Finalisti Bob Hewitt Frew McMillan Punteggio 6–3, 6–7, 6–4 Tornei Singolare Singolare   Doppio Doppio 1977 1979 Voce principale: Fischer Grand Prix 1978. Il doppio del Fischer Grand Prix 1978 è stato un torneo di tennis facente parte della categoria Grand Prix. Bob Hewitt e Frew McMillan erano i detentori del titolo, ma hanno perso in finale 6–3, 6–...

 

美国众议院

此條目需要补充更多来源。 (2021年7月4日)请协助補充多方面可靠来源以改善这篇条目，无法查证的内容可能會因為异议提出而被移除。致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：美国众议院 — 网页、新闻、书籍、学术、图像），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（判定指引）。 美國眾議院 United States House of Representatives第118届美国国会众议院徽章 众议院旗...

 

Genocidal Organ

Genocidal Organ PengarangProject ItohNegaraJepangBahasaJepangGenreFiksi ilmiahPenerbitHayakawa (Japanese)Viz Media (English)Tanggal terbit2007 (Hayakawa SF Series/JCollection)2010 (sampul kertas)Tgl. terbit (bhs. Inggris)2012Jenis mediaCetak (sampul kertas)Halaman282 (Hayakawa SF Series/JCollection)431 (sampul kertas)ISBNISBN 978-4-15-030984-8 Genocidal Organ (虐殺器官code: ja is deprecated , Gyakusatsu Kikan) adalah sebuah novel debut karya penulis fiksi ilmiah P...

Walther von Lüttwitz

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2005 EP by Foo Fighters Five Songs and a CoverEP by Foo FightersReleasedNovember 20, 2005 (2005-11-20)GenreAlternative rockLength23:35LabelRoswell, RCAProducerFoo Fighters, Nick RaskulineczFoo Fighters chronology In Your Honor(2005) Five Songs and a Cover(2005) Skin and Bones(2006) Five Songs and a Cover (A.K.A. 4 Stars) is an EP released by Foo Fighters on November 20, 2005. It was exclusively distributed to Best Buy retail stores.[1] The EP is a collection of b-si...

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Leviathan (Hobbes book)

Book by Thomas HobbesThis article is missing information about critical and academic analysis, as well as contemporary reactions and its influence (on other political theorists, on governments, perhaps even enlightened absolutism). Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page. (January 2022) Leviathan Frontispiece of Leviathan by Abraham Bosse, with input from HobbesAuthorThomas HobbesLanguageEnglish, Latin (Hobbes produced a new version of...

 

Merriell Shelton

United States Marine Merriell SheltonBirth nameMerriell Allesandro SheltonNickname(s)SnafuBorn(1922-01-21)January 21, 1922Louisiana, U.S.DiedMay 3, 1993(1993-05-03) (aged 71)Jackson, Louisiana, U.S.Place of burialBowman-Dedon Cemetery, West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, U.S.AllegianceUnited StatesService/branchUnited States Marine CorpsYears of service1942–1946RankCorporalUnitK Company, 3rd Battalion, 5th Marines, 1st Marine DivisionBattles/warsWorld War II Battle of Cape Glouceste...

Indrek Tarand

Estonian politician Indrek TarandMEPMember of the European ParliamentIn office1 July 2009 – 30 June 2019ConstituencyEstonia Personal detailsBorn (1964-02-03) 3 February 1964 (age 60)Tallinn, EstoniaPolitical party EstonianIndependent EUEuropean Green PartySpouseKadi TarandChildren3Alma materUniversity of TartuSAIS Bologna, Johns Hopkins University Indrek Tarand (born 3 February 1964) is an Estonian politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Estonia. ...

 

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Frégimontcomune Frégimont – Veduta LocalizzazioneStato Francia Regione Nuova Aquitania Dipartimento Lot e Garonna ArrondissementAgen CantoneLe Confluent TerritorioCoordinate44°17′N 0°28′E44°17′N, 0°28′E (Frégimont) Superficie7,58 km² Abitanti264[1] (2009) Densità34,83 ab./km² Altre informazioniCod. postale47360 Fuso orarioUTC+1 Codice INSEE47104 CartografiaFrégimont Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Frégimont è un comune francese di 2...

 

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Alteration of materials by light A plastic bucket used as an open-air flowerpot photodegraded after some years. Photodegradation is the alteration of materials by light. Commonly, the term is used loosely to refer to the combined action of sunlight and air, which cause oxidation and hydrolysis. Often photodegradation is intentionally avoided, since it destroys paintings and other artifacts. It is, however, partly responsible for remineralization of biomass and is used intentionally in some di...

 

List of Picasso artworks 1921–1930

Pablo Picasso, 1921, Three Musicians, oil on canvas, 200.7 × 222.9 cm, Museum of Modern Art, New York. Acquired through the Lillie P. Bliss Bequest Pablo Picasso, 1921, Nous autres musiciens (Three Musicians), oil on canvas, 204.5 × 188.3 cm, Philadelphia Museum of Art Pablo Picasso, 1921, Head of a woman, pastel on paper, 65.1 x 50.2 cm, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York[1] Pablo Picasso, 1921-22, Les baigneurs (The Bathers) Pablo Picasso, 1922, Quatre baigneuses (Four Bathers)...