Buford's Gap

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Buford's Gap
Elevation	1,240 ft (378 m)
Traversed by	U.S. Highway 460
Location	Bedford County, Virginia, United States
Range	Blue Ridge Mountains
Coordinates	37°23′37″N 79°46′53″W / 37.3936°N 79.7814°W / 37.3936; -79.7814

Buford's Gap is a wind gap in the Blue Ridge Mountains in Bedford County, Virginia. Buford's Gap was the original crossing of the Blue Ridge Mountains for the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, later the Norfolk and Western Railway, a precursor of today's Norfolk Southern Railway system. It was the site of a battle in 1864 during the American Civil War. U.S. Route 460 also passes through the gap.

Prehistory

In pre-history, the Cherokee had a seat on the Peaks of the Otter nearby. A main trail went through Buford's Gap and Villamont, Virginia, roughly along the present highway to Roanoke, Virginia. Relics have been unearthed in the Goose Creek Valley, and tomahawk heads and stone arrowheads were found east of the village. The tribes may have traveled through Buford's Gap and on to either Tennessee or North Carolina along the Carolina Road and the Great Indian Warpath.^[1]

Transportation

The Buford's Gap and Buchanan Turnpike went through Buford's Gap. The turnpike was started in 1851 and completed in 1855, and the president and major stockholder was Paschal Buford.^[2]

Paschal Buford (February 14, 1791- 1875) was the son of Henry Buford, who along with his three brothers, Thomas, James and William, first came to Bedford County about 1754. Paschal traded in real estate, farming, donated land for several churches, operated some mills and had the contract to carry mail to Botetourt County, Virginia. Married in 1820, in 1822 he built the brick mansion Locust Level.^[3]

References

^ Hamm, Olliemaye Freeman. Montvale: From Indian Trails to Sky Ways. Montvale, Va: O.F. Hamm, 1990.
^ Virginia. Buford's Gap and Buchanan Turnpike Company Records. 1853.
^ Hamm, Olliemaye Freeman. Montvale: From Indian Trails to Sky Ways. Montvale, Va: O.F. Hamm, 1990.

v t e Gaps of the Appalachian Mountains
Water gaps	Cumberland Narrows Brocks Gap Delaware Water Gap Gaps of the Allegheny Blair Gap Kittanning Gap Goshen Pass Hillsboro Gap James River Gorge Lehigh Gap Loysburg Gap Mechanicsburg Gap Moccasin Gap The Narrows Potomac Water Gap Reeds Gap Schuylkill Gap Swatara Gap Thoroughfare Gap
Wind gaps	Ashby Gap Buford's Gap Carmans Notch Chester Gap Crampton's Gap Cumberland Gap Deep Notch Diamond Notch Fishers Gap Fox's Gap Jarman Gap Keyes Gap Maggoty Gap Manassas Gap McCormick Gap New Market Gap Pound Gap Rockfish Gap Snickers Gap Swift Run Gap Thornton Gap Turner's Gap Wilson Gap
Passes	Appalachian Gap Balsam Gap Brock Gap Buck Creek Gap Bull Gap Carter Notch Cowee Gap Craven Gap Crawford Notch Deals Gap Dixville Notch Evans Notch Franconia Notch Gillespie Gap Grafton Notch Grandmother Gap Granville Notch Hazen's Notch Hobart Gap Kinsman Notch Lincoln Gap Mahoosuc Notch Middlebury Gap Monterey Pass Newfound Gap Pinkham Notch Sherburne Pass Skinners Gap Smugglers Notch Soco Gap Stony Clove Notch Zealand Notch
Artificial cuts	Clarke's Gap

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