Broward County Sheriff's Office

Broward County Sheriff's Office
BSOLOGO
AbbreviationBSO
Agency overview
Formed1915; 110 years ago (1915)[1]
Employees5,400[2]
Annual budget$730 million[3]
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionFlorida, U.S.
Legal jurisdictionUnincorporated areas of Broward County, Florida, and 15 local municipalities through contract services.[1]
General nature
Operational structure
Headquarters2601 W. Broward Blvd., Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Agency executive
Website
www.sheriff.org
Broward Sheriff Fire Rescue
Agency overview
Fire chiefTimothy Keefe

The Broward County Sheriff's Office (BSO) is a public safety organization with 5,400 employees,[2] it is the largest sheriff's office in the state of Florida. Sheriff Gregory Tony heads the agency.

BSO was one of the United States' largest fully-accredited sheriff's offices before losing accreditation (by unanimous vote) in 2019.[4] Uniquely, the BSO also operates the county fire department and emergency medical services, the Broward Sheriff Fire Rescue (BSFR).

Structure and roles

The Broward County Sheriff's Office (BSO) is responsible for law enforcement and civil protection in Broward County. The BSO also oversees the fire department and emergency medical services for Broward County.[citation needed]

The BSO's Department of Law Enforcement covers areas including the Broward County Courthouse, the Ft. Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport, areas of the Everglades and the county's waterways, unincorporated Broward, and 13 cities and towns that contracted for BSO law enforcement services.[5]

It also administers the Marine and Dive Rescue Unit, Motorcycle Unit, and Crime Lab.[5] BSO also provides 9-1-1 intake, but the county's agreement with it to provide that service expired at the end of 2022.[5][6]

History

The BSO was founded in 1915.[7][8][9] In 2003, the BSO took control of Broward County Fire Rescue, Port Everglades Fire Rescue, and the Ft. Lauderdale/ Hollywood International Airport Fire Rescue departments.[10]

From 1988 to 1990, the BSO manufactured its own crack cocaine in order to sell it in sting operations and arrest buyers. Up to 2,600 people were convicted and sometimes given longer sentences because BSO sold the drugs near schools, before the state supreme court ruled that "law enforcement officers' conduct in illegally manufacturing crack cocaine is so outrageous that it violates the due process clause." In 2024 the county's prosecutor motioned to vacate the convictions.[11][12]

Parkland high school shooting

Main article: Parkland high school shooting
BCSO deputy Scot Peterson outside high school building, during shootings inside Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School

Following a deadly mass shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in February 2018, the Broward County Sheriff's Office was criticized by some for its response. Some of the criticism was directed at Sheriff Scott Israel for the Broward County Sheriff's Office not addressing warnings about the gunman, Nikolas Cruz, despite Cruz's lengthy record of threatening behavior from the age of nine.

The sheriff's department had received 19 calls over the span of a decade relating to Cruz (some when Cruz was as young as nine years old; they ranged from a call to the police reporting that Cruz was cursing, to a call saying he had shot a chicken with a BB gun).[13] In response to some of the calls, deputies met with Cruz's mother.[14]

Stoneman Douglas High School conducted a "threat assessment" on Cruz after the counselor's report, and the Florida Department of Children and Families ultimately concluded that Cruz was not a threat because he was living with his mother, attending school, and seeing a counselor.[15][16]

The FBI, for its part, admitted that it had received a tip (saying the caller suspected Cruz would shoot up a school) that its protocols required the FBI to further investigate, but that the FBI had failed to do so.[17]

Broward County Sheriff's Office Deputies were criticized for staying outside the school, and not immediately confronting the gunman.[18][19][20] During the shooting, an armed sheriff's deputy was outside of the school, but did not enter.[21] Afterward Israel criticized the deputy, saying that he should have "went in, addressed the killer, killed the killer".[21]

It was later discovered that there may have been at least two other deputies, who arrived later, who also did not enter the building.[22] Coral Springs police officers who arrived at the scene were surprised to find that the deputies still had not entered the building.[23] A Florida sheriff on a reviewing panel said that several of the Broward deputies on the scene failed to take command, and seemed disengaged or were distracted or failed to act at all, driving back and forth outside the school during the shooting. Disciplinary action was taken against various deputies.[24]

This was followed by resignations of several police officers who had responded to the scene, and Israel's suspension 11 months later by new Governor Ron DeSantis.[20] A commission appointed by then-Governor Rick Scott to investigate the shooting condemned the police inaction, and urged school districts across the state to adopt greater measures of security.[19][20][25]

Conflict between sheriffs and deputies

Under Scott Israel

Scott Israel received a vote of no-confidence linked to the mishandling of the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting, the first such vote in the Department's history.[26] The Broward Sheriff's Office Deputies Association voted 534–94 against Israel, with union President Jeff Bell vowing to ask Governor Rick Scott to consider removing Israel and praising the "great courage" of members who voted "under threat of retaliation and reprisal."[27][26] Scott took no action.

Israel described the no confidence vote as a "political stunt" intended to help the union in salary bargaining with the department, at that time underway.[28] Bell denied this.[29] The largest union of sheriff's office employees, the Federation of Public Employees, which does not represent any sworn law enforcement employees, gave Israel a vote of confidence.[27]

On January 11, 2019, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis, three days after his inauguration, announced that he had signed an executive order suspending Sheriff Scott Israel because of his department's handling of the 2018 Stoneman Douglas High School shooting. DeSantis appointed former Coral Springs Police Sergeant Gregory Tony as sheriff to replace Israel.[30][failed verification]

Under Gregory Tony

Gregory Tony

On January 11, 2019, days after Florida Governor DeSantis took office, he appointed Gregory Tony the Sheriff of Broward County.[31][32][33]

Tony ran to be elected to a full term in the 2020 Democratic primary, which practically guarantees election in democratic Broward. Israel, Al Pollock, Willie Jones, Andrew Maurice Smalling, and Santiago Vazquez also competed in the election. While the Sun-Sentinel, Broward County's leading newspaper, endorsed Israel, Tony narrowly prevailed – winning 37% of the vote to Israel's 35%.[34][35] Tony defeated Wayne Clark in the general election with 63% of the vote.

Tony made police reform the central issue of his campaign.[36] In his first campaign advertisement he stated that he "suspended and fired some deputies accused of excessive force. He fired Christopher Krickovich after the department Professional Standards Committee recommended he be exonerated, and he replaced all the members of the Committee except for Jeff Bell." He fired "at least five deputies" for misconduct.[37]

He also fired deputies Kevin Fanti and Jorge Sobrino.[38] Tony fired deputies Brian Miller, Edward Eason, and Joshua Stambaugh for neglect of duty during the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting.[38]

On April 3, 2020, Broward deputy Shannon Bennett, 39, died from COVID-19 which he contracted in the line of duty during the COVID-19 pandemic in Florida.[39] As of April 5, more than a dozen Sheriff's Office employees had tested positive.[40] On April 7, Deputy Union president Jeff Bell published a column in the Sun Sentinel, accusing Tony of poor leadership and specifically not providing deputies with sufficient personal protective equipment and Tony's failure to respond to their memos about the situation, a charge Tony denied in a news conference held the same day.

Tony referred to Bell as a "rogue employee", who, although a deputy, works full time for the union and "hasn't worn a uniform in years". Tony described Bell's actions as "dishonorable" because of his attempt, in Tony's words, to use Bennett's death "to politicize and capitalize on a moment when we lost one of our own".[40]

On April 10, Tony suspended Jeff Bell indefinitely with pay, "saying he made false statements, has corrupt practices, has exhibited conduct that is unbecoming and has not used proper discretion", and started an Internal Affairs case.[41] Tony then terminated the union president in January 2022.[42][43][39][44]

On April 15 there were 77 positive coronavirus cases reported in the department.[41]

On April 20, the Deputies union released the results of a 693–93 vote of no confidence in Tony, and the Lieutenants union, also citing the lack of personal protective equipment, a vote of 33–5.[45]

On June 3, 2020, the union wrote governor DeSantis to formally request that Tony be removed.[15][46] The governor did not take any action.[47]

Programs

Domestic violence prevention

Broward County Sheriff vehicle

Broward County Sheriff's Office works in partnership with Women in Distress (WID) to prevent domestic violence.[48] WID is a nationally accredited, state-certified, full service domestic violence center in Broward County that provides victims of domestic violence with safe shelter, crisis intervention and resources, and to educate the community in order to Stop Abuse For Everyone (SAFE) through intervention, education and advocacy.[49]

Media

The Broward County Sheriff's Office was featured prominently in the first season of COPS in 1989. They were the first department to be featured on the show when the show first premiered.[50]

District offices

Broward Sheriff Fire Rescue

Broward Sheriff Fire Rescue
Operational area
Country United States
State Florida
County Broward County
Agency overview[51]
Established2003 (2003)
Employees700+
StaffingCareer
Fire chiefTimothy Keefe
Deputy ChiefHarris Bouchillon
EMS levelALS
IAFF3333
Facilities and equipment
Battalions8
Stations22
Engines19
Quints5
Squads1
Rescues1
Ambulances30
Tenders2
HAZMAT1
Airport crash4
Fireboats1
Rescue boats1
Light and air1
Aerial Ladder Platforms4
Website
Official website

History

In 1978, Broward County Commission created the Broward County Fire Department. This was done by merging various fire districts. The process was fully merged by 1981.

In 1973 Broward County EMS began providing ALS paramedic service from the parking lot of Plantation General Hospital.

In the early 1990s, Broward County Fire Department merged with Broward County EMS to create Broward County Fire Rescue. Firefighters began to be trained as paramedics, and EMS began training as firefighters. This increased the total trained firefighter/paramedics providing an optimal service to Broward County citizens.

Broward County Fire Rescue also started to create various Special Operations branches.

In 2003, Broward Sheriff's office gained control of Broward County Fire Rescue, Port Everglades Fire Rescue, and Ft. Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport Fire Rescue through a contract with the Broward County Commission. These departments merged into Broward Sheriff Fire Rescue. The Sheriff's Office also gained the contracts for fire rescue services in the cities of Lauderdale Lakes and Cooper City.[10]

Special Operations

Broward Sheriff Fire Rescue created and maintains several Special Operations Units.

Advanced Bicycle Unit
The Advanced Bicycle Unit is deployed when access by vehicle is impossible or impractical. BSO Fire Rescue also has an Advance Medical Bicycle Unit (AMBU) used during mass gatherings.
Air Rescue
The Air Rescue Unit provides emergency helicopter transport for all of Broward County. It is staffed with flight medics who administer the highest level of pre-hospital care. The unit can also perform inter-hospital patient transport, and search and rescue missions.
Technical Rescue Team (TRT)
The Technical Rescue Team respond to extreme rescue incidents like building collapse, trench rescue, confined spaces, high and low angle rescues, and vehicle extrications. The TRT responds from Station 32 and responds county wide.
Hazardous Materials Unit
The Hazmat team responds to releases of biological, chemical, or nuclear agents. Typically, this is in the form of spills, transportation incidents, fuels spills, and gas leaks. Based at Station 17.
SWAT/Tactical Medics
Tactical Medics provide medical care for tactical teams during operations.
Station No. Location Engine Company Quint Company or Platform Company Rescue Unit
(EMS) 		Other Units
1 Dania Beach Quint 1 Rescue 1
Rescue 201
4 Deerfield Beach Engine 4 Rescue 4
6 Port Everglades Engine 6
Engine 206 		Rescue 6 Chemical 6
Fireboat 6
Battalion 6
7 Hallandale Beach Engine 7 Quint 7 Rescue 7 Battalion 7
10 Ft. Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Engine 10 Rescue 10 Battalion 10
Truck 410
Truck 810
Truck 910
14 Fort Lauderdale Engine 14 Rescue 14
17 Dania Beach Quint 17 Rescue 17 Battalion 17
HazMat 17
21 Weston/Unincorporated West Broward Quint 21 Rescue 21 Battalion 21
Tender 21
23 Broadview Park Engine 23 Tender 23
27 Pembroke Park/West Park Engine 27 Rescue 27
Rescue 227
28 Cooper City Engine 28 Platform 28 Rescue 28
Rescue 228
32 Fort Lauderdale Engine 32 Platform 32 Rescue 32
Rescue 232 		Squad 32
TRT 32
37 Lauderdale Lakes Engine 37 Rescue 37
Rescue 237 		Battalion 37
51 Deerfield Beach Rescue 51
55 Weston/Unincorporated West Broward Engine 55 Rescue 55
Rescue 255 		Battalion 55
60 Hallandale Beach Engine 60 Rescue 60
66 Deerfield Beach Engine 66 Rescue 66
67 Weston/Unincorporated West Broward Engine 67 Rescue 67
75 Deerfield Beach Engine 75 Rescue 75
81 Weston/Unincorporated West Broward Engine 81 Platform 81 Rescue 81
85 Fort Lauderdale Executive Airport Air Rescue 85
90 Hallandale Beach Rescue 90
93 Dania Beach Quint 93 Rescue 93
102 Deerfield Beach Engine 102 Platform 102 Rescue 102 Battalion 102
106 Weston/Unincorporated West Broward Engine 106 Rescue 106 Air Boat 106
Brush 106
111 Deerfield Beach Rescue 111[citation needed]

List of sheriffs

Scott Israel
  • A.W. Turner (1915 - 1925)[52]
  • Paul C. Bryan (1925 - 1927)
  • A.W. Turner (1927 - 1931)
  • Walter Clark (1931 - 1939)
  • Eddie Lee (1939 - 1940)
  • Walter Clark (1941 - 1950)
  • Amos Hall (1951 - 1957)
  • J.A. "Quill" Lloyd (1957 - 1961)
  • Allen B. Michell (1961 - 1968)
  • Thomas Walker (1968)
  • Edward J. Stack (1969 - 1979)
  • Robert Butterworth (1979 - 1982)
  • George Brescher (1983 - 1985)
  • Nick Navarro (1985 - 1993)
  • Ron Cochran (1993 - 1997)
  • Ken Jenne (1997 - 2007)
  • Al Lamberti (2007 - 2013)
  • Scott Israel (2013 – 2019)
  • Gregory Tony (2019–present)

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "The History of the Broward Sheriff's Office". Broward Sheriff's Office. Archived from the original on January 11, 2017. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
  2. ^ a b "Broward Sheriff's Office - About the Broward Sheriff's Office". Broward County Sheriff's Office. Archived from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
  3. ^ "Broward Sheriff's Office - Office of the Sheriff". Broward County Sheriff's Office. Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
  4. ^ Scouten, Ted (July 1, 2019). "BSO Loses Accreditation; Former Sheriff Scott Israel To Run To Get Job Back". WFOR-TV (miami.cbslocal.com). Archived from the original on October 24, 2019. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  5. ^ a b c "Law Enforcement | Broward County". Sheriff.org. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
  6. ^ "Broward County tells Sheriff Tony he is out as 911 communications operator". WLRN. 1 January 2023. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
  7. ^ Albert III, Gerard (January 2023). "Broward County tells Sheriff Tony he is out as 911 communications operator".
  8. ^ Cahill, William P.; Jarvis, Robert M. (2010). Out of the Muck: A History of the Broward Sheriff's Office, 1915-2000. Carolina Academic Press. ISBN 978-1594605840.
  9. ^ "BSO trying to track down its history". Sun Sentinel. 7 April 2014.
  10. ^ a b "History". Archived from the original on 2022-12-19. Retrieved 2022-12-19.
  11. ^ "Prosecutor seeks to clear records of people charged with buying Broward County Sheriff's Office-made crack in 1980s - CBS Miami". www.cbsnews.com. 2024-12-07. Retrieved 2024-12-08.
  12. ^ "Broward prosecutors work to clear 1980s/90s records of people accused of buying crack cocaine manufactured by law enforcement". Office of Broward State Attorney Harold F. Pryor. 2024-12-06. Retrieved 2024-12-08.
  13. ^ Devine, Curt; Pagliery, Jose (February 27, 2018). "Sheriff says he got 23 calls about shooter's family, but records show more". CNN. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
  14. ^ Lynch, Faith Karimi,Jamiel (February 23, 2018). "Florida shooting: Bullets flew for 4 minutes as armed deputy waited outside". CNN.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  15. ^ a b Lolo, Sabrina (June 4, 2020). "BSO Deputies Association asks DeSantis to remove Sheriff Tony from office". WPEC.
  16. ^ Blinder, Alan; Mazzei, Patricia (February 22, 2018). "As Gunman Rampaged Through Florida School, Armed Deputy 'Never Went In'". The New York Times.
  17. ^ John Ligato (2019). The Comey Gang; An Insider’s Look at an FBI in Crisis
  18. ^ Steinbuch, Yaron (January 3, 2019). "Parkland shooting report backs arming teachers, slams police response". New York Post. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  19. ^ a b Lewak, Doree; Ridley, Jane (March 13, 2018). "Parkland survivors revisit tragedy — and fight to make schools safer". New York Post. Archived from the original on March 21, 2018. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
  20. ^ a b c Li, David K. (January 11, 2019). "Sheriff Scott Israel removed from office after criticism of Parkland school shooting response". NBC News. Archived from the original on March 27, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  21. ^ a b Mazzei, Patricia (February 26, 2018). "Sheriff's Deputy Defends Actions in Florida Shooting, Denying He Was a 'Coward'". The New York Times. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
  22. ^ Huriash, Lisa J.; O'Matz, Megan (February 23, 2018). "Police say more deputies waited outside school during Stoneman Douglas shooting". Sun-Sentinel. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
  23. ^ Tapper, Jake (February 24, 2018). "Sources: Coral Springs police upset at some Broward deputies for not entering schoo". CNN. Retrieved 28 February 2018.
  24. ^ "Two More Broward Sheriff's Deputies Fired For Response During Parkland School Shooting". WLRN. June 26, 2019. Retrieved September 21, 2020.
  25. ^ Fleshler, David (December 13, 2018). "Broward Sheriff's sergeant called 'an absolute, total failure' as Parkland shooting panel slams agency". Sun-Sentinel. Archived from the original on March 27, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  26. ^ a b Flores, Rosa; Sanchez, Ray (April 26, 2018). "The fate of the sheriff from the Parkland shooting lands in the Florida governor's lap". CNN. Archived from the original on 2019-10-16. Retrieved 2020-05-06.
  27. ^ a b "Deputy's vote against Israel is acrimonious". Palm Beach Post. April 27, 2018. p. A10. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 9, 2021 – via newspaper.com.
  28. ^ "Union's 'no confidence' vote is a 'political stunt'". Sun Sentinel. 26 Apr 2018. p. A9. Archived from the original on 18 June 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020 – via newspapers.com.
  29. ^ "Sheriff given no-confidence vote from union". Palm Beach Post. April 27, 2018. p. B10. Archived from the original on June 22, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2020 – via newspapers.com.
  30. ^ "The History of the Broward Sheriff's Office". Archived from the original on April 13, 2014. Retrieved April 11, 2014.
  31. ^ Prazan, Phil; Hamacher, Brian (September 14, 2022). "Ethics Commission Finds Broward Sheriff Tony Gave False Info, Misused Position". NBC Miami.
  32. ^ "Governor Ron DeSantis Appoints Gregory Tony Sheriff of Broward County". flgov.com. January 11, 2019.
  33. ^ "State of Florida Office of the Governor Executive Order 19–14" (PDF). flgov.com. January 11, 2019. Retrieved 2022-09-30.
  34. ^ Sun Sentinel Editorial Board (July 17, 2020). "Endorsement: Despite the past, Broward Democrats should nominate Scott Israel for sheriff". Sun Sentinel. Archived from the original on July 30, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2020.
  35. ^ "Summary Results - Election Night Reporting". enr.electionsfl.org. Archived from the original on 2020-09-24. Retrieved 2020-11-05.
  36. ^ Swisher, Skyler (June 18, 2020). "Sheriff Gregory Tony pledges to supportnd police reform initiatives". Sun Sentinel. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2020.
  37. ^ Kelley, EIileen; Ariza, Mario (February 20, 2020). "Broward sheriff overhauls discipline board to ensure deputies are held accountable". Sun Sentinel. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2020.
  38. ^ a b Kelley, Eileen (December 11, 2019). "Deputy is fired for slamming student's head to the ground". Sun Sentinel. Archived from the original on June 18, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2020.
  39. ^ a b "BSO Union President Who Clashed With Sheriff Fired After Investigation". NBC Miami. January 27, 2022.
  40. ^ a b Nicol, Ryan (April 5, 2020). "39-year-old Broward Sheriff's Office deputy dies after contracting coronavirus 'in the line of duty'". Florida Politics. Archived from the original on June 7, 2020. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  41. ^ a b Kelley, Eileen (April 15, 2020). "Coronavirus spreads at Broward Sheriff's Office". Sun Sentinel. Archived from the original on June 13, 2020. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  42. ^ Solomon, Janine Stanwood, Michelle (April 10, 2020). "Sheriff suspends union president accusing him of politicizing coronavirus". WPLG.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  43. ^ Cohen, Howard (April 4, 2020). "BSO deputy dies of COVID-19. 'And we're probably going to lose another'". Miami Herald.
  44. ^ Christensen, Dan (February 11, 2022). "BSO deputy Thurston fired; brass countermands 3-day suspension". Florida Bulldog.
  45. ^ Kelley, Eileen (April 21, 2020). "Deputy union says it has no confidence in Broward Sheriff Gregory Tony". Sun Sentinel. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2020.
  46. ^ Selig, David (June 4, 2020). "Broward deputies union asks Gov. DeSantis to remove Sheriff Gregory Tony". WPLG (local10.com).
  47. ^ Swisher, Skyler (June 4, 2020). "Governor's office passes on union's request to oust Sheriff Gregory Tony". Sun Sentinel.
  48. ^ "NEWS CONFERENCE TO ANNOUNCE JOINT BSO & WOMEN IN DISTRESS EFFORT". www.sheriff.org. Archived from the original on 2012-03-16. Retrieved 2015-07-07.
  49. ^ "Women In Distress | Broward County, providing victims of domestic violence with safe shelter, crisis intervention, resources and education for the community". www.womenindistress.org. Archived from the original on 2015-06-14. Retrieved 2015-07-07.
  50. ^ TV.com (1989-03-11). "Cops - Season 1". TV.com. Archived from the original on 2014-04-07. Retrieved 2013-07-28.
  51. ^ https://www.sheriff.org/FR/Pages/Fire-Stations.aspx. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  52. ^ "History of the Broward Sheriff's Office | Broward County". Archived from the original on 2018-11-01. Retrieved 2018-11-04.

26°07′19″N 80°10′39″W / 26.1220°N 80.1776°W / 26.1220; -80.1776

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Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando il campionato europeo di calcio Europa 2020, vedi Campionato europeo di calcio 2020. Questa voce sull'argomento Unione europea è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Bandiera dell'Unione europea Europa 2020 (Europe 2020) è una strategia decennale proposta dalla Commissione europea il 3 marzo 2010 per promuovere una crescita intelligente, sostenibile e incl...

美国众议院

此條目需要补充更多来源。 (2021年7月4日)请协助補充多方面可靠来源以改善这篇条目，无法查证的内容可能會因為异议提出而被移除。致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：美国众议院 — 网页、新闻、书籍、学术、图像），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（判定指引）。 美國眾議院 United States House of Representatives第118届美国国会众议院徽章 众议院旗...

 

Rhens

Rhenscittà Rhens – Veduta LocalizzazioneStato Germania Land Renania-Palatinato DistrettoNon presente CircondarioMayen-Coblenza TerritorioCoordinate50°17′N 7°37′E / 50.283333°N 7.616667°E50.283333; 7.616667 (Rhens)Coordinate: 50°17′N 7°37′E / 50.283333°N 7.616667°E50.283333; 7.616667 (Rhens) Altitudine65 m s.l.m. Superficie16,31 km² Abitanti2 939[1] (31-12-2009) Densità180,2 ab./km² Altre informazio...

 

Sara Hughes

American beach volleyball player (born 1995) For the Canadian-born New Zealand artist, see Sara Hughes (artist). For people with a similar name, see Sarah Hughes. Sara HughesHughes at the 2017 Beach Volleyball World ChampionshipsPersonal informationFull nameSara Elizabeth HughesNational teamUnited StatesBorn (1995-02-14) February 14, 1995 (age 29)Long Beach, California, U.S.Alma materUniversity of Southern CaliforniaYears active2011–presentHeight5 ft 10 in...

National Population Program

National Population ProgramPrograma Nacional de PoblaciónLogo of the National Program for Reproductive Health and Family Planning (PNSRPF)Type of projectHuman population controlCountryPeruKey peopleAlberto FujimoriVladimiro MontesinosLaunched1987 (1987)Closed2002 (2002) The National Population Program (Spanish: Programa Nacional de Población), known as the National Program for Reproductive Health and Family Planning (Spanish: Programa Nacional de Salud Reproductiva y Planificaci�...

 

Counterattack

Tactic employed in response to an attack For other uses, see Counterattack (disambiguation). Closing the Falaise-Argentan Pocket and the Mortain counterattack 6–17 August 1944 Map of the Battle of Cambrai – German counter-offensive A counterattack is a tactic employed in response to an attack, with the term originating in war games.[1] The general objective is to negate or thwart the advantage gained by the enemy during attack, while the specific objectives typically seek to regai...

 

University of Sydney School of Chemistry

School of Chemistry, University of SydneyTypePublicEstablished1882[1]Parent institutionUniversity of SydneyHead of SchoolPeter RutledgeAcademic staff65Undergraduates2000+Postgraduates120LocationCamperdown, New South Wales, AustraliaWebsiteSchool of Chemistry The School of Chemistry, University of Sydney is a school of the Faculty of Science at the University of Sydney. Two Nobel Laureates are associated with the School: John Cornforth completed his undergraduate degree in the School,...

VIe siècle

Millénaires : Ier millénaire av. J.-C. • Ier millénaire • IIe millénaire Siècles : Ve siècle • VIe siècle • VIIe siècle Décennies : 500 • 510 • 520 • 530 • 540 550 • 560 • 570 • 580 • 590 Années : 501 • 502 • 503 • 504 • 505506 • 507 • 508 • 509 • 510 511 • 512 • 513 • 514 • 515516 • 517 • 518 • 519 • 520 521 • 522 • 523 • 524 • 525526 • 527 • 528 •...

 

Battle of Aegospotami

Naval battle in the Peloponnesian War Battle of AegospotamiPart of the Peloponnesian WarDate405 BCLocationAegospotami, Hellespont(present-day Çanakkale Province, Turkey)40°15′N 26°33′E / 40.250°N 26.550°E / 40.250; 26.550Result Spartan victory● Athens is besieged and surrenders● End of the Peloponnesian WarBelligerents Sparta Corinth Peloponnesian League Athens Delian League Commanders and leaders LysanderAracusCleomedes of Samos[1] CononPhiloclesA...