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Bristol Tramways
	The Tramways Centre
Overview
Headquarters	Bristol
Locale	England
Dates of operation	1875–1941
Successor	Abandoned

Bristol Tramways operated in the city of Bristol, England from 1875, when the Bristol Tramways Company was formed by Sir George White, until 1941 when a Luftwaffe bomb destroyed the main power supply cables.

History

The first trams in Bristol (horse-drawn, with a maximum speed of 6 miles per hour) were introduced in 1875.^[1] Electric trams were introduced in 1895, the first city to do so in the United Kingdom. At the system's peak there were 17 routes and 237 tramcars in use.

In 1887 the Bristol Tramways Company merged with the Bristol Cab Company to form the Bristol Tramways and Carriage Company. The new company developed a fleet of omnibuses to serve the rest of the city and country areas. In 1912 it bought the Clifton Rocks Railway. In 1929 the White family sold its controlling interest in the company to the Great Western Railway, but by 1932 control had passed to the Thomas Tilling Group. William Verdon Smith (nephew of Sir George White) remained as chairman but was replaced in 1935 by J.F. Heaton of Thomas Tilling, so he could concentrate on the Bristol Aeroplane Company.

In 1937 control of Bristol's tramways passed to a joint committee of the Bristol Tramways company and Bristol Corporation.

Closure

Abandonment of the tramways began in 1938, but this was halted at the outbreak of World War II. Tram operations ceased in 1941 following the Luftwaffe's Good Friday air raids during the Bristol Blitz, which set central Bristol on fire. A bomb hit Counterslip bridge, St Philips, next to the Tramways generating centre, and severed the tram power supply. The final tram from Old Market to Kingswood was given a push by passers-by and freewheeled its way into the depot.

Almost all Bristol's trams were scrapped; however, one is preserved at Filton by Aerospace Bristol, formerly the Bristol Aero Collection.^[2] Another memorial to the system is a length of tram track still embedded in St Mary Redcliffe churchyard, where it was blown by a bomb. Two lengths of intact track can be seen at the car park of the Gloucester Road Medical Centre, and a short section of track still exists on the approach to Bristol Temple Meads railway station. Another section of track used to be still in place near Castle Park, but this was lost when the area was redeveloped as part of the Cabot Circus development.

The Bristol Tramways company continued as a bus operator, but the name was not changed to Bristol Omnibus Company until 1957.

Routes

Bristol Tramways

Legend

6 Filton
					Kingswood Depot
					Kingswood 13
6 Filton Park
					Hanham 13
2 Westbury on Trym
Horfield railway station
5,6 Horfield Barracks
					Staple Hill Depot
					Staple Hill 14
Henleaze
					Two Mile Hill 13
					Staple Hill railway station
5,6 Horfield

Horfield Depot
					Whites Hill 13
2 Church Road
Ashley Hill
					Whiteway 13
					Fishponds 7,14
1,3,4 Durdham Downs

					St George Depot
					St George, Bristol 13,16
					Upper Eastville
1,3,4 Zetland Road
Clifton Down/Redland					Montpellier
					Church Road 13,16
					Eastville depot

					Eastville 3,7,14
					Stapleton Road 3,7,14
					Lawrence Hill 13,16


					Old Market Street 16
					North Street
Whitson Street Stores
Whitson Street
					Broad Quay
					Tramways Centre
9 Hotwells
River Avon					River Avon
					Bristol Bridge 8,9,10,11,12,15
Bristol Docks					Bristol Temple Meads
					Bristol Temple Meads railway station 8,9,10,15
New Cut					New Cut



					Totterdown 9,10,15

					Arnos Vale 9
11,12 Bedminster
					Knowle 10,15
Bedminster Depot
					Brislington Works

to Portishead
11 Ashton Gate
12 Bedminster Down
					Brislington 9
					South to Weston-super-Mare, Taunton & Exeter

The electric tram routes were not numbered until November 1913. They were then numbered as follows:^[3]

1. Tramways Centre – Whiteladies Road – Durdham Downs

2. Tramways Centre – Whiteladies Road – Durdham Downs – Westbury

3. Eastville – Old Market – Whiteladies Road – Durdham Downs

4. Tramways Centre – Zetland Road – Durdham Downs

5. Tramways Centre – Ashley Down Road – Horfield Barracks

6. Tramways Centre – Ashley Down Road – Horfield Barracks – Filton Park – Filton

7. Tramways Centre – Warwick Road – Eastville – Fishponds

8. Tramways Centre – Temple Meads Station

9. Hotwells – Tramways Centre – Temple Meads Station – Arno's Vale – Depot – Brislington

10. Bristol Bridge – Knowle

11. Bristol Bridge – Ashton Road

12. Bristol Bridge – Bedminster Depot – Bedminster Down

13. Tramways Centre – Old Market – St. George – Whiteway Rd – Kingswood

14. Zetland Road – Old Market – Eastville – Fishponds – Staple Hill

15. Knowle – Bushy Park – Old Market – St. George – Marling Road – Nags Head Hill – Hanham

16. Old Market – St George

17. Hotwells – Tramways Centre – Temple Meads Station

Note that:

Route 1 was withdrawn and absorbed into 2.
Route 8 was withdrawn and absorbed into 9.
Route 13 for a while did not run to the Tramways Centre but terminated at Old Market.
Route 16 was a busy-period route only and was absorbed into 13 and 15.
Route 17 ran to meet the P and A Campbell steamers and was withdrawn at the same time as Route 8.
Trams did not actually run along Ashley Down Rd., Marling Rd., or Whiteway Road, and route 14 did not enter Zetland Rd.
From 1902 to 1905, the route from Hanham, having reached Old Market, was extended to the Tramways Centre.