Bradynema rigidum

Bradynema rigidum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Nematoda
Class: Secernentea
Order: Tylenchida
Family: Allantonematidae
Genus: Bradynema
Species:
B. rigidum
Binomial name
Bradynema rigidum
(Von Siebold, 1836)
Synonyms[1]

Filaria rigidum Von Siebold, 1836

Bradynema rigidum is a parasitic species of nematode in the Allantonematidae family.[1][2] The species has been classified as androdioecious.[3] The parasite will live freely in its host; groupings of 2–3 to up to twenty may occur together.[4]

In this species it was found that blastomeres in the 4 cell stage might be in 2 possible arrangements.[5]

The species was originally discovered by Philipp Franz von Siebold in the 19th century.[4] Otto zur Strassen received a doctorate in 1892 for writing his dissertation about the nematode.[6] The larva development was first described by Wülker. In this species male larva develop into adults after 8 days, while the females develop into adults after 7 or 10 days.[7] All adults are hermaphrodites.[2] It has been suggested that males develop ovaries and become hermaphrodites while the females degenerate.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b "Bradynema rigidum (Von Siebold, 1836)". Fauna Europaea. Fauna Europaea Secretariat, Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  2. ^ a b Doncaster, L. (2015-03-12). The Determination of Sex. Cambridge University Press. p. 122. ISBN 978-1-107-49284-4.
  3. ^ Weeks, Stephen C. (2012). "The Role of Androdioecy and Gynodioecy in Mediating Evolutionary Transitions Between Dioecy and Hermaphroditism in the Animalia". Evolution. 66 (12): 3670–3686. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01714.x. ISSN 1558-5646. PMID 23206127. S2CID 3198554.
  4. ^ a b Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society. Royal Microscopical Society. 1893.
  5. ^ Giese, Arthur C.; Pearse, John S. (2013-09-17). Acoelomate and Pseudocoelomate Metazoans. Elsevier. p. 442. ISBN 978-1-4832-6055-6.
  6. ^ Killy, Walther; Vierhaus, Rudolf (2011-11-30). Schmidt - Theyer. Walter de Gruyter. p. 585. ISBN 978-3-11-096629-9.
  7. ^ Nickle, William R. (2020-12-17). Manual of Agricultural Nematology. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-000-14771-1.
  8. ^ Doncaster, L. (2015-03-12). The Determination of Sex. Cambridge University Press. p. 123. ISBN 978-1-107-49284-4.


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