Brétigny-sur-Orge

Brétigny-sur-Orge
Commune
The residential zone of La Fontaine and the eponymous castle in the background.
The residential zone of La Fontaine and the eponymous castle in the background.
Coat of arms of Brétigny-sur-Orge
Coat of arms
Location (in red) within Paris inner and outer suburbs
Location (in red) within Paris inner and outer suburbs
Location of Brétigny-sur-Orge
Map
Brétigny-sur-Orge is located in France
Brétigny-sur-Orge
Brétigny-sur-Orge
Brétigny-sur-Orge is located in Île-de-France (region)
Brétigny-sur-Orge
Brétigny-sur-Orge
Coordinates: 48°36′41″N 2°18′21″E / 48.6114°N 2.3059°E / 48.6114; 2.3059
CountryFrance
RegionÎle-de-France
DepartmentEssonne
ArrondissementPalaiseau
CantonBrétigny-sur-Orge
IntercommunalityCA Cœur d'Essonne
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Nicolas Méary[1]
Area
1
14.56 km2 (5.62 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[2]
26,658
 • Density1,800/km2 (4,700/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
91103 /91220
Elevation41–97 m (135–318 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Brétigny-sur-Orge (French pronunciation: [bʁetiɲi syʁ ɔʁʒ] ⓘ, literally Brétigny on Orge) is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France, 26.7 km (16.6 mi) from the city center.

Origin of the city name

The name of the settlement is attested as Britiniacum in 1146, as Bretigniacum in 1548, and subsequently[when?] as Breteigny.

The origins of Brétigny start in the era of Roman Gaul. The etymology comes from the Latin britiniacum, which means "property of the Breton". The name certifies that this territory was during that period dedicated to a Breton, coming from (Great) Britain, during the period of Briton migration (6th century). Brétigny afterwards belonged to the royal estate of the Merovingian kings (from the 5th century until the 8th century).

At the time of the creation of the commune, the city name was spelled without any accent. This accent was added in 1801, and the name of the river ("on Orge") was added in 1898.

Geography

Climate

Brétigny-sur-Orge has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Brétigny-sur-Orge is 11.9 °C (53.4 °F). The average annual rainfall is 628.9 mm (24.76 in) with December as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 20.2 °C (68.4 °F), and lowest in January, at around 4.5 °C (40.1 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Brétigny-sur-Orge was 42.0 °C (107.6 °F) on 25 July 2019; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −18.8 °C (−1.8 °F) on 16 January 1985.

Climate data for Brétigny-sur-Orge (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1947−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 15.8
(60.4) 		20.2
(68.4) 		25.3
(77.5) 		29.4
(84.9) 		32.0
(89.6) 		37.3
(99.1) 		42.0
(107.6) 		39.7
(103.5) 		34.4
(93.9) 		30.3
(86.5) 		22.1
(71.8) 		16.8
(62.2) 		42.0
(107.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.2
(45.0) 		8.5
(47.3) 		12.6
(54.7) 		16.2
(61.2) 		19.8
(67.6) 		23.4
(74.1) 		26.0
(78.8) 		25.9
(78.6) 		21.8
(71.2) 		16.6
(61.9) 		10.9
(51.6) 		7.6
(45.7) 		16.4
(61.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 4.5
(40.1) 		5.0
(41.0) 		8.1
(46.6) 		10.9
(51.6) 		14.5
(58.1) 		17.9
(64.2) 		20.2
(68.4) 		20.0
(68.0) 		16.4
(61.5) 		12.4
(54.3) 		7.7
(45.9) 		4.9
(40.8) 		11.9
(53.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1.7
(35.1) 		1.5
(34.7) 		3.6
(38.5) 		5.7
(42.3) 		9.2
(48.6) 		12.5
(54.5) 		14.4
(57.9) 		14.1
(57.4) 		11.0
(51.8) 		8.2
(46.8) 		4.5
(40.1) 		2.2
(36.0) 		7.4
(45.3)
Record low °C (°F) −18.8
(−1.8) 		−17.0
(1.4) 		−10.7
(12.7) 		−4.7
(23.5) 		−1.9
(28.6) 		1.4
(34.5) 		3.8
(38.8) 		3.7
(38.7) 		0.2
(32.4) 		−4.5
(23.9) 		−9.6
(14.7) 		−16.4
(2.5) 		−18.8
(−1.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 48.2
(1.90) 		44.9
(1.77) 		45.0
(1.77) 		44.6
(1.76) 		61.4
(2.42) 		55.6
(2.19) 		53.1
(2.09) 		57.7
(2.27) 		48.6
(1.91) 		52.6
(2.07) 		54.5
(2.15) 		62.7
(2.47) 		628.9
(24.76)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 10.0 9.7 9.0 8.4 9.1 8.7 7.2 7.6 7.6 9.8 10.6 11.8 109.5
Source: Météo-France[3]

Transport

It is served by Brétigny station on Paris RER line C.

On 12 July 2013 an intercity train derailed shortly after 17.00, killing 7 people.[4][5]

People

Inhabitants of Brétigny-sur-Orge are known as Brétignolais.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 700—    
1800 725+0.50%
1806 789+1.42%
1821 792+0.03%
1831 781−0.14%
1836 729−1.37%
1841 808+2.08%
1846 830+0.54%
1851 829−0.02%
1856 868+0.92%
1861 943+1.67%
1866 1,015+1.48%
1872 1,093+1.24%
1876 983−2.62%
1881 1,065+1.62%
1886 1,180+2.07%
1891 1,160−0.34%
1896 1,134−0.45%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 1,251+1.98%
1906 1,329+1.22%
1911 1,438+1.59%
1921 2,205+4.37%
1926 2,640+3.67%
1931 3,076+3.10%
1936 3,300+1.42%
1946 3,673+1.08%
1954 4,759+3.29%
1962 6,830+4.62%
1968 12,688+10.87%
1975 19,572+6.39%
1982 18,662−0.68%
1990 19,671+0.66%
1999 21,650+1.07%
2007 22,837+0.67%
2012 25,214+2.00%
2017 26,528+1.02%
Source: EHESS[6] and INSEE (1968-2017)[7]

Notable residents

References

  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
  2. ^ "Populations de référence 2022" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 19 December 2024.
  3. ^ "Fiche Climatologique Statistiques 1991-2020 et records" (PDF) (in French). Météo-France. Retrieved August 31, 2022.
  4. ^ > Par Frédéric Frangeul avec AFP <!. "Un train déraille à Brétigny-sur-Orge". Europe1.fr. Archived from the original on 2013-07-15. Retrieved 2013-07-14.
  5. ^ "Deadly French train crash at Bretigny-sur-Orge". BBC News. 2013-07-12. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
  6. ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Brétigny-sur-Orge, EHESS (in French).
  7. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
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