Bicêtre Hospital

Bicêtre Hospital
AP-HP
Main entrance on Général Leclerc Street in 1901
Map
Geography
LocationLe Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
Coordinates48°48′36″N 02°21′22″E / 48.81000°N 2.35611°E / 48.81000; 2.35611
Organisation
FundingPublic hospital
TypeGeneral
Services
Emergency departmentYes
Beds301
History
Former name(s)Asylum de Bicêtre, Hospice de la Vieillesse Hommes, Military Hospital
Opened1742
Links
Websitehopital-bicetre.aphp.fr
ListsHospitals in France

The Bicêtre Hospital is located in Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It lies 4.5 km (2.8 miles) from the center of Paris. The Bicêtre Hospital was originally planned as a military hospital, with construction begun in 1634. With the help of Vincent de Paul, it was finally opened as an orphanage in 1642. It was incorporated into the Hôpital Général de Paris in 1656. In 1823, it was called the Hospice de la Vieillesse Hommes. In 1885, it was renamed the Hospice de Bicêtre.[1]

History

In its history it has been used successively and simultaneously as an orphanage, a prison, a lunatic asylum,[2] and a hospital. Its most notorious guest was the Marquis de Sade.[3][4] In 1781 the prison was referred to as “much more terrible than the Bastille”.[5]

The Bicêtre is most famous as the Asylum de Bicêtre where Superintendent Philippe Pinel is credited as being the first to introduce humane methods into the treatment of the mentally ill, in 1793.[citation needed]

The Bicêtre is referenced in the last chapter of Foucault's Madness and Civilisation titled "The Birth of the Asylum." In it, Pinel's methods are classified as more devious than humane.[citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^ "History of the Bicetre Hospital". Bicetre Hospital. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
  2. ^ Galignani's New Paris Guide. 1852. p. 515.
  3. ^ "Le Kremlin Bicêtre". Archived from the original on 2005-04-06. Retrieved 2005-04-20.
  4. ^ "Mental Health History Timeline". Archived from the original on 2005-04-25. Retrieved 2005-04-20.
  5. ^ Pierre-Yves Beaurepaire (2011). La France des Lumières 1715-1789. Paris: Belin. p. 683.

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