The Bergistani were defeated by Hannibal during his overland journey to Italy at the beginning of the Second Punic War. They are also known for having rebelled against Rome in 197 BC. The rebellion was put down by consul Cato the Elder.[1] When they rose in revolt for the second time they were reduced to slavery. Livy mentions that the Bergistani had seven castles or fortifications. Their main castle, Castrum Bergium, could correspond to present-day Berga.
Ángel Montenegro et alii, Historia de España 2 - colonizaciones y formación de los pueblos prerromanos (1200-218 a.C), Editorial Gredos, Madrid (1989) ISBN84-249-1386-8
The Madeira, Azores, and Canary Islands were not occupied by the Romans. The Madeira and Azores islands were unoccupied until the Portuguese in the 15th century; the Canary islands, the Guanches occupied the territory until the Castilians.
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