Ben Kiernan

Benedict F. "Ben" Kiernan (born 29 January 1953) is an Australian-born American historian who is the Whitney Griswold Professor Emeritus of History, Professor of International and Area Studies and Director of the Genocide Studies Program at Yale University.

Biography

Kiernan visited Cambodia in his early twenties, but left before the Khmer Rouge expelled all foreigners in 1975. Though he initially doubted the reported scale of genocide then being perpetrated in Democratic Kampuchea, he changed his mind in 1978[1][2][3] after beginning a series of interviews with several hundred refugees from Cambodia. He learned the Khmer language, carried out research in Cambodia and among refugees abroad, and has since written many books on the topic.

From 1980 onwards, Kiernan worked with Gregory Stanton to bring the Khmer Rouge to international justice. He obtained his PhD from Monash University in Australia in 1983, under the supervision of David P. Chandler. He joined the History Department at Yale University in 1990, and founded the award-winning Cambodian Genocide Program at the Yale Center for International and Area Studies in 1994, and the comparative Genocide Studies Program in 1998. Kiernan currently teaches history courses on Southeast Asia, the Vietnam War, and genocides through the ages.[4]

In 1995, a Khmer Rouge court indicted, tried and sentenced Kiernan in absentia for "prosecuting and terrorizing the Cambodian resistance patriots".[5]

Select publications and awards

His 2007 book Blood and Soil: A World History of Genocide and Extermination from Sparta to Darfur (Yale University Press) received the 2008 gold medal from the US Independent Publishers Association for the best work of history published in 2007,[6] and the German Studies Association's biennial Sybil Halpern Milton Memorial Book Prize[7] for the best book published in 2007 or 2008 dealing with Nazi Germany and the Holocaust in its broadest context, covering the fields of history, political science, and other social sciences, literature, art, and photography.

In June 2009, the book's German translation, Erde und Blut: Völkermord und Vernichtung von der Antike bis heute, won first place in Germany's Nonfiction Book of the Month Prize (Die Sachbücher des Monats).[8]

Criticism of Kiernan's scholarship

Kiernan's work before 1978, especially his work with the publication News from Kampuchea, was criticised as pro-Khmer Rouge when the Cambodian genocide was ongoing.[9][10]

While Kiernan has become a critic of Khmer Rouge behaviour, Peter Rodman states that "When Hanoi turned publicly against Phnom Penh, it suddenly became respectable for many on the Left to "discover" the murderous qualities of the Khmer Rouge—qualities that had been obvious to unbiased observers for years. Kiernan fits this pattern nicely. His book even displays an eagerness to absolve of genocidal responsibility those members of the Khmer Rouge who defected to Hanoi and were later reinstalled in power in Phnom Penh and new-found PRK by the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia in 1978."[11]

In 1994, Kiernan was awarded a $499,000 grant by the United States Congress to help the Cambodian government document the Khmer Rouge's abuses and crimes. Stephen J. Morris, at the time a research associate in the department of government at Harvard University, cited statements Kiernan had made regarding the Khmer Rouge in the 1970s. In an opinion piece in The Wall Street Journal, Morris claimed that Kiernan's earlier opinions made him a poor choice to study Khmer Rouge abuses. Gerard Henderson, executive director of Australia's Sydney Institute, stated that Kiernan had "barracked for the Khmer Rouge when the Cambodian killing fields were choked with corpses".[12] The Morris article was challenged by 29 Cambodia specialists who praised Kiernan as "a first-rate historian and an excellent choice for the State Department grant".[13]

Kiernan's 2017 work Việt Nam: A History from Earliest Times to the Present was criticized for his inability to read primary sources, his poor choice of secondary sources, and the lack of updating scholarship on both premodern Vietnam and the Vietnam War, among "many factual errors, misinterpretations, and problems" in the book.[14]

Selected bibliography

  • Kiernan, Ben (December 1976). "Social Cohesion in Revolutionary Cambodia". Australian Outlook. 30 (3): 371–386. doi:10.1080/10357717608444576.
  • Kiernan, Ben (October–December 1979). "Vietnam and the Governments and People of Kampuchea". Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars. 11 (4): 19–25. doi:10.1080/14672715.1979.10424016.
  • Kiernan, Ben & Boua, Chanthou (1981). Peasants and Politics in Kampuchea, 1942–1981. Zed Books Ltd.
  • Kiernan, Ben (2004) [1985]. How Pol Pot Came to Power: Colonialism, Nationalism, and Communism in Cambodia, 1930–1975. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-10262-3.
  • Kiernan, Ben (1986). Cambodia: The Eastern zone Massacres.
  • Kiernan, Ben (1986). Cambodge: Histoire et enjeux [Cambodia: History and challenges] (in French).
  • Kiernan, Ben (2002) [1996]. The Pol Pot Regime: Race, Power and Genocide in Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge, 1975–1979. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-09649-6.
  • Kiernan, Ben (1998). Le Génocide au Cambodge, 1975–1979: Race, idéologie, et pouvoir [The Genocide in Cambodia, 1975–1979: Race, Ideology, and Power] (in French).
  • Kiernan, Ben (2007). Blood and Soil: A World History of Genocide and Extermination from Sparta to Darfur. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-10098-3.
  • Kiernan, Ben (2007). Genocide and Resistance in Southeast Asia: Documentation, Denial, and Justice in Cambodia and East Timor. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4128-0668-8.
  • Kiernan, Ben (2017). Viet Nam: A History from Earliest Times to the Present. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190627300.

References

  1. ^ Kiernan, Benedict (17 November 1978). "Why's Kampuchea Gone to Pot?". Nation Review (Melbourne).
  2. ^ Kiernan, Benedict (October–December 1979). "Vietnam and the Governments and People of Kampuchea". Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars. 11 (4): 19–25. doi:10.1080/14672715.1979.10424016. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
  3. ^ Shawcross, William (1984). The Quality of Mercy – Cambodia, Holocaust and Modern Conscience. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-671-44022-5.
  4. ^ "Profile of Ben Kiernan". Yale University Department of History. Archived from the original on 30 August 2016. Retrieved 7 September 2016. His undergraduate courses include Southeast Asia from Earliest Times to 1900, Southeast Asia since 1900, Vietnamese History from Earliest Times, The Vietnam War, Environmental History of Southeast Asia, and graduate seminars on the Vietnam War and on various aspects of the history of genocide.
  5. ^ Kiernan, Ben (2008). The Pol Pot Regime. Yale University Press. p. xxv. ISBN 978-0-300-14434-5.
  6. ^ "2008 Independent Publisher Book Awards Results". Archived from the original on 17 October 2018. Retrieved 7 December 2009.
  7. ^ "2009 Sybil Halpern Milton Prize Winner". Retrieved 7 December 2009.[permanent dead link]
  8. ^ "Sachbücher des Monats Juni 2009" [Non-fiction books of the month June 2009] (in German). Archived from the original on 28 December 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2009.
  9. ^ Morris, Stephen (17 April 1995). "The Wrong Man to Investigate Cambodia". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 7 July 2011.
  10. ^ Gunn, Geoffrey (1991). Cambodia Watching Down Under. Bangkok: Institute of Asian Studies, Chulalongkorn University. ISBN 974-579-532-1.
  11. ^ Rodman, Peter (March 1996). "Grantsmanship & the Killing Fields". Commentary.
  12. ^ Dilger, Patrick (April 1996). "Back to the "Killing Fields"". Yale Alumni Magazine. Archived from the original on 26 May 2007.
  13. ^ Morris, Stephen J. "Disowning Morris". The Phnom Penh Post. Archived from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
  14. ^ Churchman, Catherine; Baldanza, Kathlene; Reilly, Brett (2019). "Review: Việt Nam: A History from Earliest Times to the Present by Ben Kiernan". Journal of Vietnamese Studies. 14 (1): 97–113. doi:10.1525/vs.2019.14.1.97. S2CID 151189860.