In 1857, an expedition led by Edward Fitzgerald Beale was tasked with establishing a trade route along the 35th parallel from Fort Smith, Arkansas to Los Angeles, California.[1]
The wagon trail began at Fort Smith and continued through the New Mexico Territory to Fort Defiance. He then continued west over what is now northern Arizona to Beale Spring near modern Kingman and Sitgreaves Pass before crossing the Colorado River. The location where Beale crossed the river from Arizona to California, up river from present-day Needles, California, became known as Beale's Crossing.[2][3] Beale's route continued west through Southern California from where Beale's road crossed the Colorado River, through the Mojave Desert along the routes of the Mojave Trail, and Old Spanish Trail to the Mojave River where it crossed the Mormon Road that led to Los Angeles, then crossed the western Mojave Desert to Fort Tejon and the Stockton–Los Angeles Road, and the less-traveled El Camino Viejo, both of which led to the northern parts of California through the San Joaquin Valley.[4]
Beale described the route, "It is the shortest from our western frontier by 300 miles (480 km), being nearly directly west. It is the most level: our wagons only double-teaming once in the entire distance, and that at a short hill, and over a surface heretofore unbroken by wheels or trail on any kind. It is well-watered: our greatest distance without water at any time being 20 miles (32 km). It is well-timbered, and in many places the growth is far beyond that of any part of the world I have ever seen. It is temperate in climate, passing for the most part over an elevated region. It is salubrious: not one of our party requiring the slightest medical attendance from the time of our leaving to our arrival ... It crosses the great desert (which must be crossed by any road to California) at its narrowest point."[5] Beale's Wagon Road would eventually be supplanted by the railroad in the early 1880s, then U.S. Route 66 in 1926, and Interstate 40 in 1978.[6]
After his initial survey of the road, E.F. Beale went in Washington, D.C. to make recommendations to members of Congress and the War Department:
I regard the establishment of a military post on the Colorado River as an indispensable necessity for the emigrant over this road; for although the Indians living in the rich meadow lands are agricultural, and consequently peaceable, they are very numerous, so much so that we counted 800 men around our camp on the second day after our arrival on the banks of the river. The temptation of scattered emigrant parties with their families, and the confusion of inexperienced teamsters, rafting so wide and rapid a river with their wagons and families, would offer too strong a temptation for the Indians to withstand.[7]
Beale suggested that, in addition to a military fort, the route was also in immediate need of bridges and dams to ensure safe travel and provide a reliable water supply; he requested $100,000 to fund the improvements.[8]
People, States and Fear: The National Security Problem in International Relations PengarangBarry BuzanBahasaInggrisGenreStudi keamanan People, States and Fear: The National Security Problem in International Relations adalah buku tahun 1983 karya Barry Buzan. Buku ini merupakan salah satu sumber utama studi keamanan Mazhab Kopenhagen. Versi revisi buku ini diterbitkan tahun 1991 dengan judul People, States and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post Cold War Era. Bacaan lan…
Turyapada Tower KBS 6.0 Kerthi Baliᬢᬫᬦ᭄ ᬢᬾᬓ᭄ᬦᭀᬮᭀᬕᬶᬢᬸᬃᬬᬧᬤᬢᭀᬯᬾᬃ᭟ ᬓᬩᬾᬳᬾᬲ᭄ ᭖᭞᭐᭞ᬓᬾᬃᬝᬶᬩᬮᬶ᭟Nama lainTuryapada TowerInformasi umumStatusSedang dibangunLokasiPegayaman, Sukasada, Kabupaten Buleleng, BaliNegaraIndonesiaPeletakan batu pertama23 Juli 2022 oleh I Wayan KosterMulai dibangun23 Juli 2022Pembukaandiperkirakan Agustus 2023BiayaRp334,27 miliarPemilikPemerintah Provinsi…
رائحة الجسم موجودة في كل من الحيوانات والبشر، ويمكن أن تتأثر كثافتها بسبب العديد من العوامل (الأنماط السلوكية، وطريقة الحياة).[1][2][3] رائحة الجسم لها أساس وراثي قوي في كل من الحيوانات والبشر، ولكن يمكن أن تتأثر بشدة أيضاً بمختلف الأمراض والحالات النفسية. على الرغ
American actor (1901–1960) Clark GableGable in a publicity portrait in 1940BornWilliam Clark Gable(1901-02-01)February 1, 1901Cadiz, Ohio, U.S.DiedNovember 16, 1960(1960-11-16) (aged 59)Los Angeles, California, U.S.Burial placeForest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, California, U.S.Other namesThe King of HollywoodOccupationActorYears active1918–1960Political partyRepublicanSpouses Josephine Dillon (m. 1924; div. 1930) Maria Lang…
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (مايو 2022) اضغط هنا للاطلاع على كيفية قراءة التصنيف دوجيسة توبقالية المرتبة التصنيفية نوع التصنيف العلمي فوق النطاق حيويات مملكة عليا حقيقيات النوى مملكة…
قرية امعجميات - قرية - تقسيم إداري البلد اليمن المحافظة محافظة أبين المديرية مديرية جيشان العزلة عزلة جيشان السكان التعداد السكاني 2004 السكان 50 • الذكور 29 • الإناث 21 • عدد الأسر 5 • عدد المساكن 1 معلومات أخرى التوقيت توقيت اليمن (+3 غرينيتش) تعديل …
Serbian politician Pavle GrbovićПавле ГрбовићGrbović in 2023Member of the National AssemblyIncumbentAssumed office 1 August 2022Member of the City Assembly of BelgradeIn office9 May 2018 – 11 June 2022 Personal detailsBorn (1993-11-19) 19 November 1993 (age 30)Belgrade, Serbia, FR YugoslaviaPolitical partyPSGSpouse Nina Stojaković (m. 2022)Alma materUniversity of Belgrade Pavle Grbović (Serbian Cyrillic: Павле Грбовић…
جزء من سلسلة مقالات حولنظم الحكومات أشكال السلطة انفصالية دولة مرتبطة دومينيون مشيخة محمية فدرالية كونفدرالية تفويض السلطات دولة اتحادية فوق وطنية إمبراطورية الهيمنة دولة مركزية التقسيم الإداري مصدر السلطة ديمقراطية(سلطة الأكثرية) ديمارية مباشرة ليبرالية تمثيلية اجتماع…
Bahasa Melayu Bengkulu بهاس ملايو بڠكولوBaso Bengkulu Dituturkan diIndonesiaWilayah BengkuluEtnisMelayu BengkuluPenuturTidak diketahuiRumpun bahasaAustronesia Melayu-PolinesiaMelayu-Polinesia BaratMelayikMelayu TengahBahasa Melayu Bengkulu Kode bahasaISO 639-3bke (usang); termasuk dalam pse (Bahasa Melayu Tengah)Lokasi penuturanWilayah dimana bahasa Melayu Bengkulu dituturkan secara dominanPeta bahasa lain Portal BahasaSunting kotak info • L • B
InvocationEpisode The X-FilesNomor episodeMusim 8Episode 5SutradaraRichard ComptonPenulisDavid AmannKode produksi8ABX06Tanggal siar3 Desember 2000Durasi44 menitKronologi episode ← SebelumnyaRoadrunners Selanjutnya →Redrum Invocation adalah episode kelima dari musim kedelapan dari serial televisi fiksi ilmiah The X-Files. Episode tersebut tayang perdana di saluran Fox pada 3 Desember 2000. Daftar pustaka Fraga, Erica (2010). LAX-Files: Behind the Scenes with the Los Angeles Cas…
Kopral Kepala (Kopka) Kopral (bahasa Inggris: corporal) adalah pangkat golongan tamtama dalam ketentaraan, satu tingkat di bawah bintara dan satu tingkat di atas prajurit, yang mencakupi kopral kepala, kopral satu, dan kopral dua.[1] Pangkat ini adalah pangkat senior di dalam golongan Tamtama yang disebut Tamtama Kepala. Di seragam PDL (Pakaian dinas lapangan) TNI AD, tanda kepangkatan Kopral yaitu bergambarkan Cevron (V) berwarna merah, sedangkan Sersan bergambarkan Cevron berwarna hita…
フェリックス・グロースシャルトナーFelix Großschartner 2019年ツアー・オブ・ターキーにて個人情報本名 Felix Großschartner生年月日 (1993-12-23) 1993年12月23日(29歳)国籍 オーストリアチーム情報所属 ボーラ=ハンスグローエ 分野 ロードレース (自転車競技)役割 選手特徴 クライマーグランツール最高成績主要レース勝利 ステージレース ツアー・オブ・ターキー (2019) ワンデ…
2013 video game Video game seriesGeometry DashGenre(s)Runner, music, platformerDeveloper(s)Robert 'RobTop' TopalaPublisher(s)RobTop GamesPlatform(s)iOS, Android, Windows Phone, Microsoft Windows, macOSOriginal releaseiOS, Android13 August 2013Windows Phone12 June 2014Microsoft Windows, macOS22 December 2014First releaseGeometry Dash13 August 2013Latest releaseGeometry Dash SubZero21 December 2017 Geometry Dash is a series of side scrolling music platforming video games developed by Swedish devel…
Adding controlled noise from predetermined distributions is a way of designing differentially private mechanisms. This technique is useful for designing private mechanisms for real-valued functions on sensitive data. Some commonly used distributions for adding noise include Laplace and Gaussian distributions. Definitions Let D {\displaystyle {\mathcal {D}}} be a collection of all datasets and f : D → R {\displaystyle f:{\mathcal {D}}\to \mathbb {R} } be a real-valued function. The sensiti…
Publishing format by which a single literary work is presented in contiguous instalments Not to be confused with Serial (publishing). Advertisement for Charles Dickens' Great Expectations, serialised weekly in the literary magazine All the Year Round from December 1860 to August 1861 Literature Oral literature Folklore Fable Fairy tale Folk play Folksong Heroic epic Legend Myth Proverb Oration Performance Audiobook Spoken word Saying Major written forms Drama Closet drama Poetry Lyric Narrative …
هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (سبتمبر 2017) المطار الدولي أو العالمي هو المطار الذي تقلع أو تهبط فيه طائرة من دولة أخرى، الم…
American rugby union player Rugby playerAlev KelterAlev Kelter during Match between: Ireland women's national rugby sevens team ‒ United States women's national rugby sevens team 2017Birth nameLeyla Alev KelterDate of birth (1991-03-21) March 21, 1991 (age 32)Place of birthTampa, Florida, U.S.Height5 ft 6 in (168 cm)Weight165 lb (75 kg)Rugby union careerPosition(s) CentreInternational careerYears Team Apps (Points)2016–present United States 15 (32)National seven…
Australian federal electoral division CalwellAustralian House of Representatives DivisionDivision of Calwell in Victoria, as of the 2022 federal electionCreated1984MPMaria VamvakinouPartyLaborNamesakeArthur CalwellElectors106,782 (2022)Area265 km2 (102.3 sq mi)DemographicOuter metropolitan The Division of Calwell is an Australian Electoral Division in the state of Victoria. Calwell contains the outer north-western fringe of Melbourne. It includes the suburbs of Broadmeadows, …
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: The Obsolete Man – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 29th episode of the 2nd season of The Twilight Zone The Obsolete ManThe Twilight Zone episodeBurgess Meredith as Romney Wordsworth in T…
Chilean politician (born 1964) You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish. (December 2021) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Spanish article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translat…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 52.14.209.100