Baseball at the Inter-Allied Games

1919 Inter-Allied Games
Tournament details
CountryFrance
CityParis
Venue(s)1 (in 1 host city)
Dates23 June – 6 July
Teams4
Final positions
Champions United States (1st title)
Runner-up Canada

Baseball was played at the Inter-Allied Games, a multi-sport tournament held in June 1919 and organized by the United States military and the YMCA. It took place in June 1919, nearly a year after the armistice brought an end to the fighting of World War I. All of the games were played at the newly constructed Stade Pershing (named after American general John J. Pershing) in Paris.

Two teams represented the United States and, in its international baseball debut, Canada; both teams were composed entirely of soldiers from the American and Canadian Expeditionary Force. In a best-of-four series, the United States defeated Canada three games to one.

Background

Baseball was played extensively by Canadian soldiers, who were stationed on the western front as early as 1914, and later, by American soldiers, after the U.S. joined the war in 1917. With the cessation of hostilities in 1918, Unrest among soldiers awaiting repatriation caused officers to encourage baseball, in an effort to boost morale. An Anglo-American Baseball League was formed in early 1919, with games between all-star Canadian and American teams being held at Stamford Bridge and elsewhere in England.[1]

Venue

Paris, France
Baseball at the Inter-Allied Games is located in Paris
Stade Pershing
Stade Pershing
Stade Pershing

Teams

The United States was represented by the "Le Mans" team, of the 86th "Blackhawk" Infantry Division, that had won the American Expeditionary Forces league championship (a three-game series against the Third Division team).[2][3] One former major leaguer was Adam DeBus, a sergeant and former infielder that played a single season with the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1917; DeBus had spent the war years at Camp Grant in Illinois, but was shipped to France after the Armistice. DeBus captained the United States team at the games.[3] Also part of the U.S. team was William Marriott, who had played in 1917 with the Chicago Cubs and would go on to stints with the Boston Braves and Brooklyn Robins.[4][5] Several other Americans had minor league experience, including Wheeler "Moose" Fuller, who had a long career with various Eastern League clubs.[6][a]

The Canada national team

The Canadian team was also the champion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force league, selected by a series in London and reinforced by the best players from other Canadian teams. Many of these soldiers were from the "Artillery" team, champions of the Witley area.[8] None of the Canadian players had major league experience, though Larry Carmel would later play with the Montreal Royals and Quebec Bulldogs of the Eastern Canada League.[9] Three of the Canadian players (Ernest Tate, John Edis, and Paul Gilpatrick) were born in the United States, though at least two of them served in the Canadian Army.[10][11][12]

One of the umpires was "Smiling Al" Orth, a former MLB pitcher who had traveled to Europe to care for his son, wounded in the Meuse–Argonne offensive.[13]

Rosters

 Canada
Canada — "Artillery"
Roster
Pitchers
  • Pvt. Ernest Kurd
  • Pvt. Ernest Tate
  • Gnr. Ralph E. Clayton
  • Sgt. Richard B. Odgers
  • Pvt. Maurice Daly
  • Sgt. Fred A. Barker
  • Sgt. Norman H. Chalmers

Catchers

  • Cpl. Victor C. Sheppard
  • Pvt. Earle S. Peckham
 Infielders
  • Cpt. John F. Edis
  • Pvt. Whitney G. Dewhurst
  • Pvt. Alfred Klaehn
  • Pvt. William N. Wright
  • Pvt. Larry Latimer
  • Pvt. Paul Gilpatrick
 Outfielders
  • Pvt. Larry Carmel
  • Pvt. Frank S. Smith
  • Spr. Clarence W. Robinson
  • Cpl. Alexander T. Thompson

[5]

 United States
United States — "Le Mans"
Roster
Pitchers
  • 2nd Lt. Wheeler B. Fuller
  • Sgt. George Taylor
  • Pvt. Englebert W. Becker
  • Cpl. James Duben
  • Sgt. Ira Creel
  • Sgt. Ernest Chambers

Catchers

  • Cpl. William Novak
  • 2nd Lt. N.J. Fish
  • Pvt. Vernon W. Lightfoot
 Infielders Outfielders
  • Pvt. Faber J. O'Hara
  • Pvt. Harry Knapp
  • Sgt. Lloyd Dean
  • Cpl. Edward Aaron

[5]

Summary

The first two games of the series were relatively close and characterized by pitching duels between the starters. In the first game, American starter Moose Fuller kept the Canadians to a single hit over eight innings of work. Canada won the second game thanks to starter Ernest Tate, who took a no-hitter into the ninth inning before it was broken up by the U.S.'s Henning Anderson.[14]

After the June 27 game, the American team traveled to Germany for a three-game exhibition series, while the Canadians waited in Paris without playing. The wait became evident in the final two games of the series, which the U.S. won convincingly. The fourth game, played on July 6, was called after seven innings, so as not to conflict with the closing ceremonies of the games.[14]

The championship trophy was presented by Hu Weide, ambassador of the Republic of China to France.[15]

Results

Game 1, June 23

June 23, 1919 at Stade Pershing, Paris
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
 Canada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5
 United States 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 1 X 5 6 4
WP: Wheeler Fuller   LP: Ralph Clayton
Umpires: Al Orth; Frambes
Boxscore

Game 2, June 27

June 27, 1919 at Stade Pershing, Paris
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
 United States 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
 Canada 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 X 2 5 1
WP: Ernest Tate   LP: George Taylor
Umpires: Al Orth; Frambes
Boxscore

Game 3, July 4

July 4, 1919 at Stade Pershing, Paris
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
 Canada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 6
 United States 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 6 X 10 9 2
WP: Wheeler Fuller   LP: Norman Chalmers
Umpires: Al Orth; Roth
Boxscore

Game 4, July 6

June 23, 1919 at Stade Pershing, Paris
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 R H E
 United States 0 0 3 0 3 2 4 12 8 1
 Canada 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 10
WP: George Taylor   LP: Ernest Tate
Umpires: Al Orth; Roth
Boxscore

Statistical leaders

Statistic Player Total
Batting average United States Henning Anderson .461
Bases on balls United States Simon P. Brausen 5
Runs scored United States Simon P. Brausen 5
Fielding percentage Canada Larry Carmel
Canada Alexander Thompson
United States Simon P. Brausen
United States Lloyd Dean		 1.000

See also

  • Baseball in France
  • Ty Cobb, a Hall-of-Fame MLB player and World War I veteran who was in attendance at the Inter-Allied Games, but did not participate in the baseball tournament.[16][17]

Notes

  1. ^ Contemporary reports refer to Fuller as having played in the majors with the Washington Senators, but this is not supported by MLB records.[7][6]

References

  1. ^ Horrall, Andrew (2001). ""Keep-A-Fighting! Play the Game!" - Baseball and the Canadian Forces during the First World War". Canadian Military History. 10 (2): 37.
  2. ^ Wythe and Hanson, p. 181
  3. ^ a b Bohn, Terry. "Adam DeBus". SABR. Society for American Baseball Research. DeBus was the captain of the Blackhawks, a team that won the championship of the Inter-Allied games in July 1919.
  4. ^ Morris, Jack. "Tom McGuire". SABR. Society for American Baseball Research. He was attached to the 86th Infantry Division (known as the Black Hawk Division) as a sergeant major in charge of troop transportation, and pitched on the division's baseball team, which also included former major leaguers Ed "Jeff" Sweeney, William Marriott, Adam DeBus, and Austin Walsh.
  5. ^ a b c Wythe and Hanson, p. 476
  6. ^ a b "Moose Fuller". Baseball Reference (minors).
  7. ^ "YANKEES VICTORS IN OPENING OF GAMES". New York Times. 24 June 1919. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
  8. ^ Taylor, Andrew (2022). "Did Canada Save British Baseball?". Journal of Canadian Baseball: 44.
  9. ^ "Larry Carmel". Baseball Reference (minors).
  10. ^ "CANADIANS BEAT U.S. TEAM". New York Times. 29 June 1919. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
  11. ^ "Paul E Gilpatrick". Imperial War Museum.
  12. ^ "Ernest Raymond Tate". Imperial War Museum.
  13. ^ "A Belated Story from France". The Sporting News. 7 August 1919. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
  14. ^ a b Johnson and Brown, 337–45
  15. ^ Johnson and Brown, 259–60
  16. ^ "After World War I Canceled the Olympics, Allied Troops Held Their Own Games". Military.com. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
  17. ^ "Reichley: WWI Museum, all-star game have connection". Canton Repository. 23 May 2012. Retrieved 3 August 2024.

Bibliography

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