Barun Goyot Formation

Barun Goyot Formation
Stratigraphic range: Maastrichtian
~72–71 Ma
↓
Hermiin Tsav, a highly fossiliferous locality of the formation
TypeGeological formation
UnderliesNemegt Formation
OverliesDjadokhta Formation
Thicknessca. 110 m (360 ft)
Lithology
PrimarySandstone
Location
Coordinates43°30′N 99°48′E / 43.5°N 99.8°E / 43.5; 99.8
Approximate paleocoordinates40°30′N 89°30′E / 40.5°N 89.5°E / 40.5; 89.5
RegionOmnogov
Country Mongolia
ExtentGobi Desert
Barun Goyot Formation is located in Mongolia
Barun Goyot Formation
Barun Goyot Formation (Mongolia)

The Barun Goyot Formation (also known as Baruungoyot Formation) is a geological formation dating to the Late Cretaceous Period. It is located within and is widely represented in the Gobi Desert Basin, in the Ömnögovi Province of Mongolia.

Description

Khulsan in 1970

It was previously known as the Lower Nemegt Beds occurring beneath the Nemegt Formation and above the Djadokhta Formation. It has been suggested that the Djadokhta and Barun Goyot Formations are lower and upper parts, respectively, of the same lithological unit and the boundary between the two does not exist. The stratotype of the Barun Goyot Formation is the Khulsan locality, east of Nemegt. At Nemegt, only the uppermost barungoyotian beds are visible. The Red Beds of Khermeen Tsav are also considered part of the Barun Goyot Formation. It is approximately 110 metres (360 ft) in thickness,[1] and was laid down roughly 72-71 million years ago. Given the new date for the start of the Maastrichtian (72.1 MYA) a basal Maastrichtian age seems probable. The Barun Goyot Formation preserves an environment of sand dunes, created from wind-eroded rocks (aeolian dunes).

Paleobiota of the Barun Goyot Formation

Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Lizards

Genus Species Location Material Notes Images

Estesia

Estesia mongoliensis

An anguimorph

Gobiderma Gobiderma pulchrum A Monstersaur

Proplatynotia

Proplatynotia longirostrata

Mammals

Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Asioryctes A. nemegtensis An eutherian.
Barunlestes B. butleri An eutherian.
Catopsbaatar C. catopsaloides A djadochtatheriid.
Chulsanbaatar C. vulgaris A multituberculate.
Deltatheridium D. pretrituberculare A tribosphenid.
Nemegtbaatar N. gobiensis A multituberculate.
Zofialestes Z. longidens A eutherian.

Dinosaurs

Ornithiscians

Ankylosaurs
Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Saichania S. chulsanensis Hermiin Tsav II, Khulsan [Three] skulls, mandibles, cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, ribs, sternum, scapulocoracoids, humerus, ulna, radius, manus, cervical half-rings, and osteoderms.[2][3][4] An ankylosaurid also known from the Nemegt Formation.
Tarchia T. kielanae Hermiin Tsav II, Khulsan [Two] partial skulls, osteoderms, and [three] undescribed specimens. [3][4] An ankylosaurid also known from a second species, T. teresae, which was found in the Nemegt Formation.
Zaraapelta Z. nomadis Hermiin Tsav A partial skull missing the rostrum. [3] An ankylosaurid known from a subadult individual.
Ankylosauridae indet. Indeterminate Hermiin Tsav Dorsal vertebrae, ribs, pectoral girdles, forelimbs, pelvic girdles, hindlimbs, and osteoderms. [5] An ankylosaurid known from a specimen preserved in a "resting posture".


Ceratopsians
Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Bagaceratops B. rozhdestvenskyi Hermin Tsav, Khulsan "Multiple specimens with partial to nearly complete skulls and skeletons."[6][7][8] A protoceratopsid. Gobiceratops, Lamaceratops, and Platyceratops are now considered synonyms of Bagaceratops.[7]
Breviceratops B. kozlowskii Khulsan "Two skulls and partial skeleton remains."[9][7] A protoceratopsid.
Udanoceratops? Indeterminate Baga Tariach "Partial juvenile specimen."[10] A giant leptoceratopsid.
Pachycephalosaurs
Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Tylocephale T. gilmorei Khulsan "Partial skull."[11][12] A pachycephalosaurid.

Sauropods

Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Faveoloolithus F. ningxiaensis Hermiin Tsav, Ikh Shunkht, Ologoy Ulan Tsav "Eggs, egg clutches and shells."[13] Eggs probably laid by a sauropod.
Quaesitosaurus Q. orientalis Shar Tsav "Partial skull."[14] A titanosaur.

Theropods

Alvarezsaurs
Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Ceratonykus C. oculatus Hermiin Tsav "Partial skull with skeleton."[15][16] An alvarezsaurid.
Jaculinykus J. yaruui Nemegt A nearly complete articulated skeleton including much of the skull[17] A parvicursorine alvarezsaurid.
Khulsanurus K. magnificus Khulsan "Partial skeleton, including cervical and caudal vertebrae, scapulocoracoids, humerus, and pubis."[18] An alvarezsaurid.
Ondogurvel O. alifanovi Nemegt "Partial postcranial skeleton," including dorsal and sacral vertebrae and hip and leg bones.[19] An alvarezsaurid.
Parvicursor P. remotus Khulsan "Partial vertebrae, pelvic girdle and hindlimbs."[20] An alvarezsaurid
Birds
Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Gobioolithus G. major Gilbent, Khulsan "Five eggs."[21] Eggs probably laid by a bird.
G. minor Hermiin Tsav, Khulsan "Eggs with embryonic remains."[22][21] Eggs probably laid by Gobipipus.[22][21]
Gobipipus G. reshetovi Hermiin Tsav, Khulsan "Embryonic skulls and skeletons."[22] An enantiornithine.
Gobipteryx G. minuta Hermiin Tsav, Khulsan "Skulls and partial skeletons, and embryonic remains."[23][24][25] An enantiornithine. Also present in the Djadokhta Formation.
Hollanda H. luceria Hermiin Tsav "Partial hindlimbs from several specimens."[26][27] An ornithuromorph.
Protoceratopsidovum' P. fluxuosum Hermiin Tsav, Khulsan "Clutch of 19 eggs and isolated eggs."[28] Eggs probably laid by a bird.[21]
P. minimum Ikh Shunkht "Clutch of eggs."[28] Eggs probably laid by a bird.[21]
P. sincerum Hermiin Tsav "Partial egg."[28] Eggs probably laid by a bird.[21]
Styloolithus S. sabathi Khulsan "Partial eggs."[21] Eggs probably laid by a bird.
Dromaeosaurids
Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Hulsanpes H. perlei Khulsan Partial foot and skull bone[29] A halszkaraptorine
Kuru K. kulla Khulsan "Fragmentary skeleton."[30] A dromaeosaurid.
Natovenator N. polydontus Hermiin Tsav Partial articulated skeleton with skull[31] A halszkaraptorine
Shri S. devi Khulsan "Articulated skeleton lacking skull."[32] A dromaeosaurid.
Velociraptorinae indet. Indeterminate Hermin Tsav, Khulsan Not specified.[33][34] A dromaeosaurid.
Troodontids
Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Harenadraco[35] H. prima Hermiin Tsav Partial leg, foot, and hip bones[35] A troodontid
Oviraptorosaurs
Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Conchoraptor C. gracilis Hermin Tsav, Khulsan "Multiple specimens with skulls and partial skeletons."[36][37][38][39][40] An oviraptorid. Also present in the Nemegt Formation.
Heyuannia H. yanshini Hermiin Tsav "Partial skulls and skeletons."[41][39][40] An oviraptorid. Originally identified as Ajancingenia and "Ingenia".
Nemegtomaia N. barsboldi Nemegt "Nesting specimen."[42] An oviraptorid. Also present in the Nemegt Formation.
Panoramic view of the Hermiin Tsav locality of the Barun Goyot Formation

See also

References

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