Barquentine

Barquentine
Belgian barquentine Mercator
Type	Sailing rig
Place of origin	Northwest Europe and America

A barquentine or schooner barque (alternatively "barkentine" or "schooner bark") is a sailing vessel with three or more masts; with a square rigged foremast and fore-and-aft rigged main, mizzen and any other masts.

Modern barquentine sailing rig

While a full-rigged ship is square-rigged on all three masts, and the barque is square-rigged except for the mizzen-mast, the barquentine extends the principle by making only the foremast square-rigged.^[1] The advantages of a smaller crew, good performance before the wind and the ability to sail relatively close to the wind while carrying plenty of cargo made it a popular rig at the end of the nineteenth century.

Today, barquentines are popular with modern tall ship and sail training operators as their suite of mainly fore-and-aft sails improve non-downwind performance, while their foremast of square sails offers long distance downwind speed and dramatic appearance in port.

Etymology

The term "barquentine" is seventeenth century in origin, formed from "barque" in imitation of "brigantine", a two-masted vessel square-rigged only on the forward mast, and apparently formed from the word brig.^{[Note 1]}^[2]

Historic and modern examples

City of New York, an arctic sailing ship.
Concordia, a sail training ship that capsized and sank on 17 February 2010.
KRI Dewaruci of Indonesian Navy, launched and commissioned in 1953, a well-known tall ship used for cadet training and ambassador of the sea, sails around the world and visits many countries.
'New Endeavour', a Danish built three masted schooner launched in 1919 in Svendborg as "Dana", in 1968 the rig was altered to barquentine and the ship featured prominently in the Australian TV series Barrier Reef. It was scrapped by fire in the dry dock in Ballina, NSW, due to the inability to raise the required money (about $300,000) to make her seaworthy.^[3]
Endurance, commanded by Ernest Shackleton and crushed by ice in the Weddell Sea during the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914–17.
Esmeralda, a sail training ship of the Chilean Navy.
Gazela Primeiro of 1901.
Juan Sebastián de Elcano
STS Leeuwin II, a sail training ship based in Fremantle, Australia.
Mercator of 1932, Belgian training ship.
Peacemaker launched 1989.
Polish-built Pogoria class sail training ships: STS Pogoria, STV Kaliakra, and Iskra (1982) [pl].
Many smaller ships of the late nineteenth century Royal Navy were rigged as barquentines, including the Redbreast-class gunboats.
Southern Swan, tall ship from 1922 re-rigged as a barquentine from its original rigging as a schooner. Sails on Sydney Harbour for cruises.^[4]
Spirit of New Zealand, 1986 youth development training ship.
Thor-Heyerdahl^[5]
Transit, an experimental design of 1800 that could be worked entirely from the deck.

Notes

^ Although in fact the term "brig" was a shortening of "brigantine", and for much of the sixteenth to eighteenth century the two terms were synonymous.

References

^ "Sailing ship rigs, an infosheet guide to classic sailing rigs". Maritime Museum of the Atlantic. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 15 January 2011.
^ T F Hoad, ed. (1993). Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-19-283098-2.
^ "Barquentine "New Endeavour"". 8 July 2023.
^ "Svanen web page". Sail Australia. Archived from the original on 11 March 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2013.
^ "Thor-Heyerdahl". Segelschiff Thor Heyerdahl gemeinnützige Fördergesellschaft mbH. Retrieved 27 December 2012.

External links

Look up barquentine in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Barquentines.

Types of sailing vessels and rigs

Overviews

Sailing rigs

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Multihull vessels

Naval and merchant
sailing ships
and other vessels
(by origin date)

Ancient	Balangay Boita Borobudur ship Dhow Fire ship Galley Penteconter Bireme Trireme Quadriremes Tessarakonteres Dromon Junk K'un-lun po Lepa Mtepe Uru
Post-classical	Balinger Benawa Birlinn Bomb vessel Cog Hulk Jong Knarr Koch Kondura Longship Malangbang Shitik Tongkang Zabra
15th c.	Carrack Chinese treasure ship Caravel Ghurab Lancaran Hoy Trabaccolo
16th c.	Crommesteven Galiot Galleon Galleass Ghali Flyboat Fluyt Full-rigged pinnace Lorcha Man-of-war Manchua Patache Speronara Square-rigged caravel (round or de armada) Xebec
17th c.	Bermuda sloop Corvette East Indiaman Frigate Galeas Koff Pink Polacca Ship of the line
18th c.	Bilander Chialoup Clipper (Baltimore Clipper) Gallivat Garay Grab Gundalow Lanong Padewakang Post ship 74-gun Ship of the line Sloop-of-war Toop Trincadour
19th c.	Blackwall frigate Down Easter Golekan Iron-hulled sailing ship Warship Janggolan Lambo Leti leti Palari Tamar West Country Windjammer
20th c.	Montagu whaler

Fishing vessels

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