E. N. Edinger and M. J. Risk. 1994. Oligocene-Miocene extinction and geographic restriction od Caribbean corals: Roles of turbidity, temperature, and nutrients. Palaios 9:576-598
A. M. Nieves Rivera, A. C. Ruiz Yantin, and M. D. Gottfried. 2003. New Record of the Lamnid Shark Carcharodon megalodon from the Middle Miocene of Puerto Rico. Caribbean Journal of Science 39(2):223-227
H. E. Vokes and E. H. Vokes. 1968. Variation in the genus Orthaulax (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 6(2):71-84